1895 results about "Substructure" patented technology

In order to determine whether an exposure apparatus is outputting the correct dose of radiation and its projection system is focusing the radiation correctly, a test pattern is used on a mask for printing a specific marker onto a substrate. This marker is then measured by an inspection apparatus, such as a scatterometer, to determine whether there are errors in focus and dose and other related properties. The test pattern is configured such that changes in focus and dose may be easily determined by measuring the properties of a pattern that is exposed using the mask. The test pattern may be a 2D pattern where physical or geometric properties, e.g., pitch, are different in each of the two dimensions. The test pattern may also be a one-dimensional pattern made up of an array of structures in one dimension, the structures being made up of at least one substructure, the substructures reacting differently to focus and dose and giving rise to an exposed pattern from which focus and dose may be determined.

A method of forming a MEMS device includes depositing a conductive material on a substructure, forming a first sacrificial layer over the conductive material, including forming a substantially planar surface of the first sacrificial layer, and forming a first element over the substantially planar surface of the first sacrificial layer, including communicating the first element with the conductive material through the first sacrificial layer. In addition, the method includes forming a second sacrificial layer over the first element, including forming a substantially planar surface of the second sacrificial layer, forming a support through the second sacrificial layer to the first element after forming the second sacrificial layer, including filling the support, and forming a second element over the support and the substantially planar surface of the second sacrificial layer. As such, the method further includes substantially removing the first sacrificial layer and the second sacrificial layer, thereby supporting the second element relative to the first element with the support.

A tracking solar power system is disclosed. The tracking solar power system includes: a solar power substructure and a platform having a first degree of freedom. The solar power substructure is mounted on the platform in a manner such that it has a second degree of freedom relative to the platform. The solar power substructure may include a solar collector and a receiver arranged to receive energy from the solar collector. The receiver may be mounted in a manner that avoids shading of the solar collector during operation. The solar collector may have an area focus at the receiver. The solar power substructure may include a non-concentrating solar power substructure.

The present invention provides a modular prosthetic valve device designed as two or more device modules that may be delivered to a body lumen unassembled and then assembled into the assembled valve device in the body at least in part using a self-assembly member at or near the site of valve implantation. The device modules may include a support structure and a valve module. The valve module may be delivered in an unassembled, folded delivery configuration, and unfolded and assembled into a working configuration via the self-assembly member. In its unassembled form, the valve module may be a single-piece leaflets substructure or a plurality of valve sections. The self-assembly member has a delivery configuration and a preset configuration, and may be triggered to revert to the preset configuration to assemble the valve module. The modular valve device may be folded in a manner not possible with current valve devices, for example, by rolling the unassembled valve module along its circumferential axis in the direction of its height, so that the diameter of the folded valve module may be equivalent to that of one rolled leaflet. This feature of the invention provides a percutaneous valve device having a smaller delivery diameter than pre-assembled valve devices. This in turn permits use of a delivery device of reduced diameter and increases the flexibility of the loaded delivery device compared to percutaneous valve devices in the art. The invention further provides a system for and method of folding and delivering such a modular valve device and assembling it using the self-assembly member, preferably in the body.

A six degree-of-freedom micro-machined multi-sensor that provides 3-axes of acceleration sensing, and 3-axes of angular rate sensing, in a single multi-sensor device. The six degree-of-freedom multi-sensor device includes a first multi-sensor substructure providing 2-axes of acceleration sensing and 1-axis of angular rate sensing, and a second multi-sensor substructure providing a third axis of acceleration sensing, and second and third axes of angular rate sensing. The first and second multi-sensor substructures are implemented on respective substrates within the six degree-of-freedom multi-sensor device.

The invention relates to a surgical robot system comprising a robot arm (8) installed on a substructure (1), a first control instance (16) for producing control commands for the robot arm (8) on the basis of user inputs, and a second control instance (18), which receives the control commands from the first control instance (16) and checks the control commands with respect to whether the execution of the control commands by the robot arm (8) requires the robot arm to leave a specified occupied space (21, 22) of the robot arm (8) and releases a control command for execution by the robot arm (8) at most to the extent to which the control command can be executed without the robot arm leaving the specified occupied space (21, 22, 30).

A method and system for providing a magnetic junction usable in a magnetic device are described. The magnetic junction includes a reference layer, a nonmagnetic spacer layer and a free layer. The nonmagnetic spacer layer is between the reference layer and the free layer. The magnetic junction is configured such that the free layer is switchable between a plurality of stable magnetic states when a write current is passed through the magnetic junction. A portion of the magnetic junction includes at least one magnetic substructure. The magnetic substructure includes at least one Fe layer and at least one nonmagnetic insertion layer. The at least one Fe layer shares at least one interface with the at least one nonmagnetic insertion layer. Each of the at least one nonmagnetic insertion layer consists of at least one of W, I, Hf, Bi, Zn, Mo, Ag, Cd, Os and In.

A method and system for providing a magnetic substructure usable in a magnetic device, as well as a magnetic element and memory using the substructure are described. The magnetic substructure includes a plurality of ferromagnetic layers and a plurality of nonmagnetic layers. The plurality of ferromagnetic layers are interleaved with the plurality of nonmagnetic layers. The plurality of ferromagnetic layers are immiscible with and chemically stable with respect to the plurality of nonmagnetic layers. The plurality of ferromagnetic layers are substantially free of a magnetically dead layer-producing interaction with the plurality of nonmagnetic layers. Further, the plurality of nonmagnetic layers induce a perpendicular anisotropy in the plurality of ferromagnetic layers. The magnetic substructure is configured to be switchable between a plurality of stable magnetic states when a write current is passed through the magnetic substructure.

A Railroad Surveying and Monitoring System configured on a mobile platform for surveying, monitoring, and analyzing rail position and superstructure and terrain substructure of railroad tracks (20a,b) or other structures. The system employs two or more High Accuracy Differential Global Positioning System devices (110,112), ground penetrating radar devices (116), terrain conductivity instruments (118), optical cameras (124), and data receivers and processors (126), which in turn process, display, and store the data in a usable database. Precise coordinate data generated from a High Accuracy Global Positioning System provides both location data for subsurface sensors and surface sensors and rail position coordinates to monitor track displacements during track inspection in real time.

An optical display device, in particular for use in a head-up display or a head-mounted display, comprises an essentially planar light guide, an image-generating system, a first diffraction grating by which light that comes from the image-generating system can be coupled into the light guide, and a second diffraction grating, by which the light can be coupled out again from the light guide. At least one of the two diffraction gratings is a binary-blazed grating having a multiplicity of diffraction structures, which are composed of a multiplicity of individual substructures that ensure a blaze effect and in plan view have the shape of a closed geometrical surface.

Methods and a structure. The method includes applying a solution including two or more immiscible polymers to a substructure including features having at least one sidewall and a bottom surface. The immiscible polymers include a first polymer and a second polymer. The at least one sidewall includes a material. A selective chemical affinity of the first polymer for the material is greater than a selective chemical affinity of the second polymer for the material. The first polymer is segregated from the second polymer. The first polymer selectively migrates to the at least one sidewall, resulting in the first polymer being disposed between the at least one sidewall and the second polymer. One or more immiscible polymers is selectively removed. At least one immiscible polymer remains, resulting in forming structures including the substructure and the immiscible polymer remaining. Two additional methods and a structure are also included.

The invention relates to an optionally foamed sealing composition for preformed seals which can swell when treated with water. The invention also relates to a method for the production thereof out of natural rubber and / or elastomers with a matrix comprised of natural rubber / elastomer components and particle-shaped water absorbing material stored therein. The water absorbing material is a combination of (A) polysaccharide(s) selected from cellulose, starch, starch derivatives removed from grafted starch, amylose, amylopectin, dextran, pectin, inulin, chitin, xanthan, alginic acid, alginates, carrageenan, pustulan, callose, laminarin, guluronic acid, pullulan, lichenin or mixtures of the same with (B) a highly water absorbent synthetic polymer selected from polymers based on (meth)acrylate, poly(meth)acrylic acid and the salts thereof, polyacrylamide, polyalcohols or copolymers of said synthetic polymers. The invention also relates to additional cross-linking and processing auxiliary agents and to property improving agents. It is possible to securely seal superstructures, substructures, tunnels and canals with the assistance of the inventive sealing compositions.

An optical display device, in particular for use in a head-up display or a head-mounted display, comprises an essentially planar light guide, an image-generating system, a first diffraction grating by which light that comes from the image-generating system can be coupled into the light guide, and a second diffraction grating, by which the light can be coupled out again from the light guide. At least one of the two diffraction gratings is a binary-blazed grating having a multiplicity of diffraction structures, which are composed of a multiplicity of individual substructures that ensure a blaze effect and in plan view have the shape of a closed geometrical surface.

A system for analyzing a vast amount of data representative of chemical structure and activity information and concisely providing conclusions about structure-to-activity relationships. A computer may adaptively learn new substructure descriptors based on its analysis of the input data. The computer may then apply each substructure descriptor as a filter to establish new groups of molecules that match the descriptor. From each new group of molecules, the computer may in turn generate one or more additional new groups of molecules. A result of the analysis in an exemplary arrangement is a tree structure that reflects pharmacophoric information and efficiently establishes through lineage what effect on activity various chemical substructures are likely to have. The tree structure can then be applied as a multi-domain classifier, to help a chemist classify test compounds into structural subclasses.

A new class of light or reactive elements and monophase alpha'-matrix magnesium- and aluminum-based alloys with superior engineering properties, for the latter being based on a homogeneous solute distribution or a corrosion-resistant and metallic shiny surface withstanding aqueous and saline environments and resulting from the control during synthesis of atomic structure over microstructure to net shape of the final product, said alpha'-matrix being retained upon conversion into a cast or wrought form. The manufacture of the materials relies on the control of deposition temperature and in-vacuum consolidation during vapor deposition, on maximized heat transfer or casting pressure during all-liquid processing and on controlled friction and shock power during solid state alloying using a mechanical milling technique. The alloy synthesis is followed by extrusion, rolling, forging, drawing and superplastic forming for which the conditions of mechanical working, thermal exposure and time to transfer corresponding metastable alpha'-matrix phases and microstructure into product form depend on thermal stability and transformation behavior at higher temperatures of said light alloy as well as on the defects inherent to a specific alloy synthesis employed. Alloying additions to the resulting alpha'-monophase matrix include 0.1 to 40 wt. % metalloids or light rare earth or early transition or simple or heavy rare earth metals or a combination thereof. The eventually more complex light alloys are designed to retain the low density and to improve damage tolerance of corresponding base metals and may include an artificial aging upon thermomechanical processing with or without solid solution heat and quench and annealing treatment for a controlled volume fraction and size of solid state precipitates to reinforce alloy film, layer or bulk and resulting surface qualities. Novel processes are employed to spur production and productivity for the new materials.

A method for producing a spatially patterned structure includes forming a layer of a material on at least a portion of a substructure of the spatially patterned structure, forming a barrier layer of a fluorinated material on the layer of material to provide an intermediate structure, and exposing the intermediate structure to at least one of a second material or radiation to cause at least one of a chemical change or a structural change to at least a portion of the intermediate structure. The barrier layer substantially protects the layer of the material from chemical and structural changes during the exposing. Substructures are produced according to this method.

An electrode for an electro-optic device according to an embodiment of this invention has a network of carbon nanotubes. The electrode has an electrical conductivity of at least 600 S / cm and a transmittance for 550 nm light of at least 80%. An average thickness of the network of carbon nanotubes is at least 2 nm. A method of producing a device according to an embodiment of this invention includes forming a film of carbon nanotubes on a filter surface by vacuum filtration, pressing a stamp against at least a portion of the film of carbon nanotubes to cause a portion of the film of carbon nanotubes to adhere to the stamp, and pressing the stamp having the portion of carbon nanotubes adhered thereto against a substructure of the device to cause the network of carbon nanotubes to be transferred to a surface of the substructure upon removal of the stamp.

A Method. The method includes forming a substructure, on a substrate, including a feature having a sidewall of a first material and a bottom surface of a second material. Applying a solution including two immiscible polymers and third material to the substructure. The immiscible polymers include a first and second polymer. A selective chemical affinity of the first polymer for the material is greater than a selective chemical affinity of the second polymer for the material. The first polymer is segregated from the second polymer. The first polymer selectively migrates to the at least one sidewall, resulting in the first polymer being disposed between the at least one sidewall and the second polymer. The first polymer is selectively removed. The second polymer remains, resulting in forming structures including the substructure, the third material, and the second polymer. The substructure has a pattern. The pattern is transferred to the substrate.

An improved voltage contrast test structure is disclosed. In general terms, the test structure can be fabricated in a single photolithography step or with a single reticle or mask. The test structure includes substructures which are designed to have a particular voltage potential pattern during a voltage contrast inspection. For example, when an electron beam is scanned across the test structure, an expected pattern of intensities are produced and imaged as a result of the expected voltage potentials of the test structure. However, when there is an unexpected pattern of voltage potentials present during the voltage contrast inspection, this indicates that a defect is present within the test structure. To produce different voltage potentials, a first set of substructures are coupled to a relatively large conductive structure, such as a large conductive pad, so that the first set of substructures charges more slowly than a second set of substructures that are not coupled to the relatively large conductive structure. Mechanisms for fabricating such a test structure are also disclosed. Additionally, searching mechanisms for quickly locating defects within such a test structure, as well as other types of voltage contrast structures, during a voltage contrast inspection are also provided.

A method and apparatus for constructing a neuroscience-inspired artificial neural network (NIDA) or a dynamic adaptive neural network array (DANNA) or combinations of substructures thereof comprises one of constructing a substructure of an artificial neural network for performing a subtask of the task of the artificial neural network or extracting a useful substructure based on one of activity, causality path, behavior and inputs and outputs. The method includes identifying useful substructures in artificial neural networks that may be either successful at performing a subtask or unsuccessful at performing a subtask. Successful substructures may be implanted in an artificial neural network and unsuccessful substructures may be extracted from the artificial neural network for performing the task. The method and apparatus supports constructing, using and reusing components and structures of a neuroscience-inspired artificial neural network dynamic architecture in software and a dynamic adaptive neural network array.

The present disclosure provides a fast approximate as well as exact hierarchical network storage and retrieval system and method for encoding and indexing graphs or networks as well as for identifying substructure matches or analogs within graph data. Cognitive Memory encodes graphs via generalized combinatorial maps and a new quantum-inspired Q-Hashing algorithm to summarize local structures of the graph along with a contraction and graph property calculation to build an index data structure called the Cognitive Signature for property based, analog based or structure or sub-structure based search. The system and method of the present invention is ideally suited to store and index all or parts or substructures or analogs of graphs as well as dynamically changing graphs such as traffic graphs or flows and motion picture sequences of graphs. The system and method has the advantage that properties of the Cognitive Signature of the graph can be used in correlations to the properties of the underlying data making the system ideal for semantic indexing of massive scale graph data sets.

An improved voltage contrast test structure is disclosed. In general terms, the test structure can be fabricated in a single photolithography step or with a single reticle or mask. The test structure includes substructures which are designed to have a particular voltage potential pattern during a voltage contrast inspection. For example, when an electron beam is scanned across the test structure, an expected pattern of intensities are produced and imaged as a result of the expected voltage potentials of the test structure. However, when there is an unexpected pattern of voltage potentials present during the voltage contrast inspection, this indicates that a defect is present within the test structure. To produce different voltage potentials, a first set of substructures are coupled to a relatively large conductive structure, such as a large conductive pad, so that the first set of substructures charges more slowly than a second set of substructures that are not coupled to the relatively large conductive structure. Mechanisms for fabricating such a test structure are also disclosed. Additionally, searching mechanisms for quickly locating defects within such a test structure, as well as other types of voltage contrast structures, during a voltage contrast inspection are also provided.

A yaw-rate sensor having a substrate and a plurality of movable substructures that are mounted over a surface of the substrate, the movable substructures being coupled to a shared, in particular, central spring element, means being provided for exciting the movable substructures into a coupled oscillation in a plane that extends parallel to the surface of the substrate, the movable substructures having Coriolis elements, means being provided for detecting deflections of the Coriolis elements induced by a Coriolis force, a first Coriolis element being provided for detecting a yaw rate about a first axis, a second Coriolis element being provided for detecting a yaw rate about a second axis, the second axis being oriented perpendicularly to the first axis.

Compounds including at least one mesogenic substructure and at least one long flexible segment and methods of synthesizing the same are disclosed. Formulations which include various embodiments of the mesogen containing compounds and their use in articles of manufacture and ophthalmic devices are also disclosed.

A golf club head is composed of elastic substructures having moderate elasticity and consisting of a face, outer shell, and inner structure in which said elastic substructures that cooperate so as to provide larger impulses to the ball at impact, due to combined elastic properties of the club face for hits at all locations on the face. This allows better distance of shots when loft angle and other design details are appropriately chosen. The structure also minimizes variations of angular orientation of the face surface at the point of impact for all such hits. The elastic substructures can take several forms such as an internal elastic support around the periphery of the face structure, an internal support for the central part of the face structure, and an elastic structure attached to the front side of the face structure, an elastic outer shell, and their combinations. The structure also provides adequate strength, and minimum weight such that a maximum amount of concentrated mass can be located in advantageous places as far as practical from the center of gravity of the head so as to realize maximum moments of inertia about the center of gravity.

A land rig including a mast, a substructure beneath the mast, the substructure having a top part, movement apparatus connected to the substructure, the movement apparatus connected to the mast, the movement apparatus for moving the mast and for moving the top part of the substructure. This abstract is provided to comply with the rules requiring an abstract which will allow a searcher or other reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the technical disclosure. It is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims, 37 CFR 1.72(b).

Field emission structures comprising electric or magnetic field sources having magnitudes, polarities, and positions corresponding to a desired spatial force function where a spatial force is created based upon the relative alignment of the field emission structures The magnetic field sources may be arranged according to a code having a desired autocorrelation function. In particular, a high peak to sidelobe autocorrelation performance may be found desirable. Specific exemplary embodiments are described having non-parallel linear substructures. The non-parallel linear substructures may use the same or different codes and may have none, one, or more magnets in common. Other embodiments include substructures spaced according to a spacing code. Exemplary spacing codes include, but are not limited to Golomb ruler or Costas array. A polarity code may be applied across the substructures.

An artifact having a textured metal surface with nanometer-scale features includes a substrate, a substructure over the substrate, the substructure comprising a periodic array of nanometer-scale structural elements comprising an inorganic oxide, and a metal film over the substructure.

An electrode for an electro-optic device according to an embodiment of this invention has a network of carbon nanotubes. The electrode has an electrical conductivity of at least 600 S / cm and a transmittance for 550 nm light of at least 80%. An average thickness of the network of carbon nanotubes is at least 2 nm. A method of producing a device according to an embodiment of this invention includes forming a film of carbon nanotubes on a filter surface by vacuum filtration, pressing a stamp against at least a portion of the film of carbon nanotubes to cause a portion of the film of carbon nanotubes to adhere to the stamp, and pressing the stamp having the portion of carbon nanotubes adhered thereto against a substructure of the device to cause the network of carbon nanotubes to be transferred to a surface of the substructure upon removal of the stamp.