138 results about "Cytotoxic Brain Edema" patented technology

A system and related methods and components for treating a tissue site exhibiting interstitial hypertension, including tissue swelling, and particularly swelling associated with cerebral edema, compartment syndrome, and congestive heart failure, by the use of water removal therapy, in order to remove only water from biological fluids. Included also is a system for such use that incorporates one or more monitors, optionally in addition to the use of water removal therapy. By removing only water, all other biologic agents, including essentially all solutes and formed blood elements (such as cells) are increased in concentration in the remaining bodily fluid(s). WRT can be applied to several clinical conditions in which there is an excess of water, and is ideally used in an extracorporeal fashion, in combination with other functions and related components as well, including ultrafiltration.

A cerebral function improving agent containing as the active ingredient a compound represented by the following formula:wherein R2 represents a hydrogen atom when R1 is a hydroxyl group;or R1 and R2 in combination represent an oxo group;R3 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal, or a monohydric,dihydric or trihydric alcohol residue;which may be an oligomer composed of 2-10 molecules when R1 represents a hydroxyl group and R2 and R3 represent hydrogen atoms.The agent supresses cerebral edema, protects cerebral function, activates cerebral metabolisms and reduces the extent of cerebral infarction.

The presence of tumor nodules in organs often results in serious clinical manifestations and the permeation by cancer cells of sheaths surrounding organs often produces clinical manifestations of pleural effusion, ascites or cerebral edema. The present invention addresses this problem by providing a method for treating tumors comprising (a) intratumoral administration of a superantigen and / or (b) intrathecal or intracavitary administration of a superantigen directly into the sheath. Intratumoral superantigen results in significant and sustained reduction of the tumor size. Intrathecal administration produces significant sustained reduction of the fluid accumulation associated with clinical improvement and prolonged survival. Useful superantigen compositions for intrathecal and intratumoral injection include tumoricidally effective homologues, fragments and fusion proteins of native superantigens. Also disclosed is combined therapy that includes intratumoral or intrathecal superantigen compositions in combination with (i) intratumoral low, non-toxic doses of one or more chemotherapeutic drugs or (ii) systemic chemotherapy at reduced and non-toxic doses of chemotherapeutic drugs.

A system, including catheter apparatus, and related method for performing site specific therapy. The catheter apparatus can include one or more semipermeable microcatheters for use in performing site specific microdialysis. The system and method are particularly suited for use in addressing cerebral edema by affecting the osmolar relationship between fluids making up the brain tissue. Also disclosed is an apparatus having a delivery / recovery mechanism in the form of a pump reservoir and one or more catheters in the form of semipermeable microcatheters, for use in delivering and / or recovering fluid to and / or from a tissue site or for performing tissue engineering outside of the body. The apparatus can be used in a method to perform site specific microtherapy, including for the treatment of avascular necrosis, compartment syndrome, cerebral edema, and to improve skin flap survival in the course of reconstructive surgery.

The present invention provides methods for conferring a neuroprotective effect on a population of cells in a subject following a traumatic injury to the central nervous system. Specifically, the methods of the invention provide for the administration of a progestin or progestin metabolite following a traumatic brain injury. The progestin or progestin metabolite is administered at therapeutically effective concentrations that produce a neuroprotective effect (i.e., a decrease in the loss of neuronal activity) and reduces and / or prevents the various physiological events leading to neurodegeneration, such as, cerebral edema and the immune / inflammatory response.

The present invention is directed to therapeutic compositions targeting the NCCa-ATP channel of an astrocyte, neuron or capillary endothelial cell and methods of using same. More specifically, agonists and antagonists of the NCCa-ATP channel are contemplated. The therapeutic compositions are used to treat cancer, more specifically, a metastatic brain tumor, wherein a tumor-brain barrier is present. Such treatments are contemplated in combination with conventional anti-cancer therapies. Alternatively, the compositions are used to prevent cell death and to treat cerebral edema that result from ischemia, due to interruption of blood flow, to tissue trauma or to increased tissue pressure.

A system, including catheter apparatus, and related method for performing site specific therapy. The catheter apparatus can include one or more semipermeable microcatheters for use in performing site specific microdialysis. The system and method are particularly suited for use in addressing cerebral edema by affecting the osmolar relationship between fluids making up the brain tissue.Also disclosed is an apparatus having a delivery / recovery mechanism in the form of a pump reservoir and one or more catheters in the form of semipermeable microcatheters, for use in delivering and / or recovering fluid to and / or from a tissue site or for performing tissue engineering outside of the body. The apparatus can be used in a method to perform site specific microtherapy, including for the treatment of avascular necrosis, compartment syndrome, cerebral edema, and to improve skin flap survival in the course of reconstructive surgery.

The invention is directed to tricyclic benzodiazepines useful as vasopressin receptor antagonists for treating conditions involving increased vascular resistance and cardiac insufficiency. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising tricyclic benzodiazepines of the present invention and methods of treating conditions such as hypertension, congestive heart failure, cardiac insufficiency, coronary vasospasm, cardiac ischemia, liver cirrhosis, renal vasospasm, renal failure, cerebral edema and ischemia, stroke, thrombosis, or water retention are also disclosed.

The invention discloses an application of NADPH in preparing medicaments for preventing and treating ischemic cerebral stroke. Research proves that by increasing NADPH generation and reducing ROS level in cells, TIGAR helps to protect neutrons from cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury mediated by oxidative stress. Therefore, the giving of exogenous NADPH helps to reduce cerebral infarction volume, substantially improve behavior obstacle of cerebral ischemia mice, mitigate cerebral edema, improve mouse long-term survive capability and enhance neurobehavioral function rehabilitation.

The present invention is one kind of Chinese medicine composition for treating cerebral hemorrhage and is preparation process. The Chinese medicine composition consists of effective components from motherwort, giant knotweed, leech, gentian, and buffalo horn or rhinoceros horn; and may be prepared into medicine powder, tincture, capsule, tablet, micro pill and other forms. The Chinese medicine composition has the function of promoting blood circulation to disperse blood clots, and can alleviate hemorrhagic apoplexy cerebral edema, promote the absorption of hematoma and disease focus repair, improve the ischemic and anoxic state of nerve tissue around hematoma, protect damaged brain cell and promote restoring of the nerve function.

The invention provides a curcumin lipid carrier and a preparation method thereof for industrialized production. The curcumin lipid carrier comprises the effective remedy dosage of curcumin, lipid and the proper quantities of surface active agent, cosurfactant and additive. The curcumin lipid carrier prepared by the invention has small particle size and high drug loading efficiency and can improve the stability and bioavailability of the drug. The curcumin lipid carrier has good effects of protecting the nerve cell of experimental animal with cerebral ischemia reperfusion, keeping the integrality of the blood brain barrier and preventing and remedying post-stroke brain edema.

The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) contains low concentration of albumin and insulin because of the blood-CSF barrier. This is the major reason for cerebral edema and the resultant blood perfusion deficit when brain or spinal cord is injured. A composition and method for treating brain and spinal cord are provided. The composition includes magnesium, colloidal osmotic agent, insulin and ATP in artificial CSF. The method includes withdrawing a volume of cerebrospinal fluid from the subarachnoid space and infusing the invented composition.

The present invention is based on the discoveries that PAN-811 (1) reduces infarct volume, suppresses brain edema and decreases mortality associated with ischemia; (2) blocks veratridine-induced swelling and neuronal cell death; (3) chelates free calcium and inhibits MMP-9 activity; and (4) blocks calcium-induced neuronal cell death and suppresses glutamate-induced calcium influx into neuronal cells. More particularly, the present invention relates to methods for treating, ameliorating or preventing vasogenic and / or cytotoxic brain edema, by administering to a subject in need thereof certain thiosemicarbazone compounds or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. An example of such a thiosemicarbazone is 3-aminopyridine-2-carboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazone (PAN-811).

The invention relates to an internal medicine for curing cerebral edema caused by craniocerebral injury, which pertains to traditional Chinese medicine preparation. The internal medicine of the invention is characterized in that: the effective components of the internal medicine comprises the raw pharamaceutical materials with the following parts by weight: 15-45 parts of Indian buead, 10-24 parts of polyporus, 10-24 parts of largehead atractylodes rhizome, 15-45 parts of water plaintain, 8-18 parts of twotooth achyranthes root, 15-45 parts of motherwort herb, 15-45 parts of raidx astragali, 8-18 parts of rhubarb, 8-18 parts of peach seed, 8-18 parts of rhizomaligustici chuanxiong, 10-36 parts of radix salivae miltiorrhizae, 8-18 parts of safflower, 8-18 parts of red paeony root, 10-24 parts of kudzuvine root, 8-18 parts of thinleaf milkwort root-bark and 8-18 parts of drug sweetflag rhizome. The preparation method of the internal medicine comprises the steps: all the pharamaceutical raw materials (except rhubarb) are mixed in a casserole, appropriate amount of water is added for pickling, the boiling by strong fire is firstly carried out, the rhubarb is added, the liquid medicine is filtered after half an hour, the boiling by small fire is carried out, and the liquid medicine is filtered; the two liquid medicines are mixed and cooled. The method of administration is that: the internal medicine is orally taken three times a day for conscious patients, and is injected by using a gastric tube three times a day for narcose patients. The cure rate of the composition of the invention for curing traumatic brain edema is 96%, and the effective rate is 100%.

A method for using optical parameters to monitor for a physiological event and / or a state prior to the physiological event includes the steps of: illuminating neural tissue with diagnostic light of a predetermined frequency at a predetermined location; detecting magnitude of optical scattering by neural tissue of the diagnostic light as a function of time; and determining a signature signal of the optical scattering of the diagnostic light before the physiological event in the neural tissue becomes clinically manifested. An apparatus includes a source of diagnostic light of a predetermined frequency for illuminating neural tissue at a predetermined location, a detector of optical scattering and / or optical absorption by neural tissue of the diagnostic light as a function of time, and a signal processor for determining a signature signal of the optical scattering and / or optical absorption of the diagnostic light before the physiological event becomes clinically manifested.

The invention relates to a Chinese traditional medicine composition for treating hydrocephalus, cerebral edema and intracranial hypertension which comprises fish encephalolith, raw astragalus root, oriental water plantain rhizome, Poria cocos, plantain seeds, notoginseng, root of red rooted saliva, sweetgum fruit, grassleaved sweetflag rhizome, evodia rutaecarpa, and achyranthes and cyathula root.

The invention relates to a brain fixed-point sub-hypothermia control device. The brain fixed-point sub-hypothermia control device comprises an intrusive guide tube, temperature detection elements, a control system, a liquid cooling device and a liquid pushing device, wherein the temperature detection elements (2, 2') are used for respectively monitoring the temperatures of an inlet and an outlet of the intrusive guide tube (1); the temperature detection element (2'') is used for monitoring the temperature of the output cooling liquid of the liquid cooling device (4); and the control system (3) is used for sending a control signal to start the liquid pushing device (5) to push the cooled liquid into the inlet of the intrusive guide tube at a certain speed. With the adoption of the brain fixed-point sub-hypothermia control device, the brain cooling part can be accurately positioned, the cooling process is timely and quick, and the sub-hypothermia state can be accurately and reliably maintained; in addition, acute and serious cerebral edema can be controlled, and conditions are created for promoting recovery of brain function, so that the brain fixed-point sub-hypothermia control device plays an important role in reducing fatality rate and disability rate.

The present invention describes a system and methods to monitor hydrocephalus and cerebral edema in noninvasive or minimum invasive ways. The system monitors the changes of electromagnetic wave propagations in brain tissues changed by the tissue pathological statues. One of the tissue properties monitored is the tissue permittivity that determines the wave propagation velocity. By avoiding the tissue conductivity that has variations due to many different reasons including non-pathological factors, this approach has advantages of acquiring reliable pathological information of brain tissue and being independent to electrode properties and skin conditions. Several parameters are defined to quantitatively measure and assess hydrocephalus and cerebral edema: relative phase shift (RPS), travel-time difference (TTD), and change of relative wave velocity. The parameters are defined and normalized in distance and time for measuring relative changes for the monitoring applications. The method includes non-invasive and minimum invasive approaches. Amplitude modulated wave and coded waves are used to reduce interference and effectively detect small changes of tissue properties in preferred frequency ranges.

The invention discloses injection of mannite and glycerol, which contains mannite, glycerol and water for injection. Furthermore, the invention also discloses a method for preparing the injection, which comprises the following steps: taking the mannite and the glycerol, dissolving into the water for injection, filtering and filling. The injection of the mannite and the glycerol is clinically used for treating cerebrovascular diseases, brain trauma, cerebral tumors, intracranial inflammation and the diseases of acute and chronic intracranial hypertension, hydrocephalus and the like caused by other reasons. The injection of the mannite and the glycerol has the functions of lowering the intracranial pressure quickly and eliminating the hydrocephalus and can also avoid death because of acute renal failure caused by the injury of the kidney; the injection of the mannite and the glycerol suppresses the apoptosis of neural cells and achieves the function of protecting the brain; the function of lowering the intracranial pressure is stable and has long retention time; crystals occurring because of the change of the air temperature or in the processes of storage and transportation are eliminated; and the glycerol is used as a caloric agent and can improve and recover the energy metabolism of the important viscera of the heart, the brain, the kidney and the like during oxygen deficiency. The injection of the mannite and the glycerol is a very effective, stable and safe medicine for promoting urination and removing water clinically.

The invention discloses a method for establishing a high altitude cerebral edema animal model. The method for establishing the high altitude cerebral edema animal model comprises the following steps of selecting a plurality of rats, putting the rats in a low-pressure low-oxygen environment for two days with normal diets, continuously carrying out 6 times of swimming training on the rats every day for consecutive 4-6 days, maintaining the normal diets everyday, and establishing the high altitude cerebral edema animal model, wherein a method for the swimming training comprises the steps that the rats are put into a swimming pool to swim freely, the low-pressure low-oxygen environment is maintained, the rats rest for 15-25 minutes after the rats swim for 20-30 minutes every time, and then the rats are immediately made to proceed with the swimming training of a next time. The rats can be induced to generate cerebral edema symptoms in the low-pressure low-oxygen environment; multiple times of the swimming training is carried out on the rats in several consecutive days in the low-pressure low-oxygen environment condition, the breathing frequency and the oxygen consumption of the rats are enhanced in the swimming training process, the cerebral edema symptoms of the rats are made to become obvious by increasing the oxygen consumption of the rats, and it is detected in the subsequent detection that the positive rate of cerebral edemas is increased.

The invention provides an application of total saponins of bacopa monnieri (L.) wettst. in preparation of medicaments for resisting cerebral ischemia. The total saponins of the bacopa monnieri (L.) wettst. mainly comprise the following dammarane type triterpenoid saponin compounds: bacopaside I, bacoside A3, bacopaside II, bacopasaponin cisomer and bacopasaponin C. The invention further provides an application of the bacopaside I in preparation of a medicament for resisting cerebral ischemia. The experimental study shows that the total saponins of the bacopa monnieri (L.) wettst. and the bacopaside I have the effects of improving the behavioral symptoms caused by cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury, reducing the cerebral infarct volume and reducing the cerebral edema caused by cerebral ischemia of a rat. Therefore, the total saponins of the bacopa monnieri (L.) wettst. can be used for preparing the medicaments for preventing and treating cerebral ischemia. The medicaments for preventing and treating the cerebral ischemia are prepared from the total saponins of the bacopa monnieri (L.) wettst. or bacopaside I as the active component and medicinal accessories by adopting a conventional method. The invention further expands the function of the bacopaside I and the total saponins of the bacopa monnieri (L.) wettst. and provides the novel medicaments for preventing and treating the cerebral ischemia. The bacopaside I and the total saponins of the bacopa monnieri (L.) wettst. have high clinical application values.

The invention discloses application of salvianolic acid C in preparing ischemic stroke resistant drug and / or healthcare products. The invention finds that the salvianolic acid C can remarkably improveneurobehavioral defect symptoms of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion rats, lower cerebral infarction volume and cerebral edema of the cerebral ischemia-reperfusion rats and reduce opening degree and permeability of rat blood brain barrier. The salvianolic acid C can be used for preparing the drug and / or the healthcare products for treating ischemic stroke, brain tissue nerve cell apoptosis can be reduced, survival rate of nerve cells can be increased, brain tissue injury degree can be lowered, and an effective solution is provided for disease prevention and treatment.

A radio emission device for monitoring hydrocephalus and cerebral edema comprises a signal encoding generator and an emission electrode, wherein the signal encoding generator is used for generating preset electromagnetic waves and recording the initial amplitude and the initial phase of the electromagnetic waves, and the emission electrode is used for transmitting the electromagnetic waves generated by the signal encoding generator to a human brain. The device provided by the invention is located below the skin of human brain and sends preset electromagnetic waves, and then the preset electromagnetic waves are changed after going through the human brain. Specific circumstances of hydrocephalus and cerebral edema can be assessed by comparing the attenuation coefficients, relative phase shifts, time differences of transmission and complex wave values K before the electromagnetic waves enter the human brain and after the electromagnetic waves go through the human brain. Different from the traditional invasive monitoring method, the device provided by the invention can realize monitoring for 24 hours, and therefore, the medical security of hydrocephalus and cerebral edema can be notably enhanced.

The present invention is directed to methods of treating hepatorenal syndrome by administration of a therapeutically effective amount of a thromboxane A2 receptor antagonist to a patient in need thereof. The present invention is also directed to methods of treating hepatic encephalopathy and cerebral edema by administration of a therapeutically effective amount of a thromboxane A2 receptor antagonist to a patient in need thereof.

The present invention provides agents for treating or preventing diseases such as mood disorder, anxiety disorder, schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's chorea, eating disorder, hypertension, gastrointestinal disease, drug addiction, epilepsy, cerebral infarction, cerebral ischemia, cerebral edema, head injury, inflammation, immune-related disease, alopecia, and so forth. Specifically, the invention provides azole derivatives represented by general formula (I), or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof that have an antagonistic action against the arginine-vasopressin (AVP) V1b receptor:

The invention discloses application of sorafenib shown in a formula (I) in the preparation of a medicinal composition for treating early brain injury (EBI) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Due to the adoption of the sorafenib, the activation of Raf-1 / ERK1 / 2 and Raf-1 / NF-kappa B signal paths can be restrained, hydrocephalus degrees, the permeability increase degrees of a blood brain barrier and cell apoptosis degrees can be reduced, a certain treatment effect can be displayed, and a new path can be provided for preventing and treating the EBI after the SAH.

The invention discloses a rhein supramolecular hydrogel as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The rhein supramolecular hydrogel comprises rhein and a N3HCO3 solution, wherein the rhein is dissolved into the N3HCO3 solution. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving the rhein into the N3HCO3 solution, and performing ultrasonic dispersion, so as to obtain the rhein supramolecular hydrogel. The rhein supramolecular hydrogel has the characteristics of anti-inflammatory property, antibacterial property and antineoplastic property, can solve the problems of poor solubility and short half-life period of rhein, reserves the biological activity of the rhein, and has obvious treatment effect on the application of medicines for treating microglial cell mediated inflammatory encephalopathy, such as Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, cerebral trauma and cerebral edema.

The present invention provides an agent for improving mental disorders due to cerebral dysfunction and an agent for inhibiting vascular hyperpermeability each containing a hepatocyte growth factor. The agent for improving mental disorders according to the present invention is useful in improving mental disorders, particularly decline in learning and memory function, due to cerebral dysfunction occurred in blood circulation disorders in the brain (for example, cerebral infarction, cerebral hemorrhage, lacunar stroke, Biswanger's disease, cerebral thrombosis, subarachnoid hemorrhage, cerebrovascular moyamoya disease, carotid cerebral arterial fibrous muscular plasia, cerebral arterial sclerosis, internal carotid artery occlusion, hypertensive encephalopathy, cerebral edema, etc.) and neurodegenerative disorders (for example, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, Parkinson'syndrome, Huntington's chorea, cerebrovascular dementia and Alzheimer dementia), epilepsy, head injury, etc. The agent for inhibiting vascular hyperpermeability according to the present invention is efficacious to blood hyperpermeability in the brain due to blood circulation disorders in the brain (for example, cerebral infarction, cerebral hemorrhage, lacunar stroke, Biswanger's disease, cerebral thrombosis, subarachnoid hemorrhage, cerebrovascular moyamoya disease, carotid cerebral arterial fibrous muscular plasia, cerebral arterial sclerosis, internal carotid artery occlusion, hypertensive encephalopathy, cerebral edema, etc.), blood leakage, edema, subcutaneous hemorrhage and bleeding tendency due to vascular hyperpermeability in various tissues (including internal organs).