98 results about "Atmospheric sounding" patented technology

The invention discloses a remote in-situ integrated test system for planet surface substances and atmosphere. The whole system comprises: a miniature pulse solid state laser, a Cassegrain telescope system, a one-dimensional precise mobile platform, a continuous light indicating positioning laser, various optical elements and echelle spectrographs, ICCD, a high-resolution camera and a photomultiplier. According to the system and method of the invention, the combination of technologies of laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), Raman spectroscopy (Raman), and laser radar is realized in the same system; the system of the invention adopts modular design, is high in integration level, small in size, and light in weight, and can realize long-distance surface microimaging, long-distance substance element analysis, long-distance substance composition analysis, and planet boundary layer atmosphere detection.

The invention discloses a method for eliminating delay errors of the troposphere of GNSS atmospheric probing data. The method for eliminating the delay errors of the troposphere of the GNSS atmospheric probing data is characterized in that a GPT model, a UNB3m model and a classic troposphere model are merged together, the classic troposphere model is a Hopfield or Saastamoinen model. The method for eliminating the delay errors of the troposphere of the GNSS atmospheric probing data includes the following steps that the temperature and the air pressure of a probing station are calculated out by means of the GPT model, the hydrosphere pressure of the probing station is calculated out by means of the UNB3m model and finally, a global mapping function is used for calculating out delay correction of the troposphere in the gazing direction of a satellite receiver. The method for eliminating the delay errors of the troposphere of the GNSS atmospheric probing data is capable for accurately calculating out a priori value of troposphere delay with insufficient actually measured meteorological data and can be applied to the fields such as GNSS positioning and GNSS meteorology.

The invention discloses an atmospheric detection laser radar based on a superconducting single-photon detector. Optical pulse emitted by a laser pulse generation unit points to a detected atmosphere through a transmitting telescope and a laser scanning unit, background noise of an atmospheric echo signal is filtered out by an optical preprocessing unit, an optical processing unit extracts atmospheric information, a superconducting single-photon detection unit detects the atmospheric echo signal, a data acquisition card collects the signal, and finally, a subsequent data inversion and display unit inverts and displays atmospheric parameter information. The atmospheric detection laser radar of the invention is different from the existing atmospheric detection laser radar in that the atmospheric detection laser radar of the invention uses a superconducting single-photon detector with low dark count, high quantum efficiency, wide wavelength response and low time jitter as a detection unit. By using the superconducting single-photon detector, the atmospheric detection laser radar has the advantages of high spatial resolution, high temporal resolution, large detection distance, high detection precision, and the like.

This invention discloses a synthetic multifunctional middle and upper atmosphere monitoring laser radar, which is made up of laser emission (1), optical receiving (2), signal detecting (3). This radar reasonably mixes together Rayleigh scattering laser radar, natrium fluorescent light laser radar and Rayleigh monitoring wind laser radar. The invention makes hardware be of multiple utilization, implements a laser radar monitors density, temperature, fluctuation and wind field of middle and upper atmosphere all the day. This laser radar utilizes key techniques such as: three direction fixed receiving and dispatching, optical fiber switch, single channel and borderline wind monitoring, launching laser and backward wave frequency discrimination frequency inter locked on molecule transition, atom filtration, complex filtration, twice multiple-frequency remnant light reuse, double optical fiber spectro-surface, square pulse dye laser atom steady frequency. The invention has advantages of stable and reliable working, high detection precision, high automatic, more monitoring parameter and long monitor time.

The invention discloses a wide-spectrum spatial heterodyne spectrometer, which overcomes the defect that the conventional spatial heterodyne spectrometer has a narrow spectrum in the prior art. A blazed grating component consists of a first echelle grating and a second echelle grating which are respectively positioned on a reflection light path and a transmission light path formed by a beam splitting element for the first time; an angle relationship and a position relationship between the two echelle gratings are that: (1) a reflection beam and a transmission beam which are split by the beam splitting element for the first time are transmitted to the two echelle gratings at a Littrow angle; and (2) by taking the conventional position relationship between the blazed grating component and the beam splitting element as the standard, the first echelle grating rotates alpha / 4 degrees around a first rotating shaft, and the second echelle grating rotates -alpha / 4 degrees around a second rotating shaft; and a controllable optical shutter serving as a hierarchy selection mask is arranged at a superposed position of focal planes of a fringe imaging system. The wide-spectrum spatial heterodyne spectrometer has the advantages of high stability, high spectral resolution and wide-spectrum coverage, and is very suitable for satellite-borne spatial environment remote sensing and atmospheric sounding.

The invention relates to a hadamard transform imaging spectrometer based on a bridge type grating light modulator, and the spectrometer provided by the invention can be applied to a linear array detector or single point detector. The hadamard transform imaging spectrometer comprises a receiving optical system, a chromatic dispersion element, an imaging mirror, a bridge type grating light modulator array, a focusing mirror and a detector, wherein the radiation information of a target is imaged on the chromatic dispersion element in lines by the receiving optical system according to different time sequences; after being split by the chromatic dispersion element, the radiation information is imaged on the programmable bridge type grating light modulator array by the imaging mirror; the bridge type grating light modulator array is programmed and driven according to a hadamard coding template, thereby allowing lights with different wavelengths to pass through in a manner of specific combination; the lights are focused on the detector by the focusing mirror; and finally, the space dimensional information and spectrum dimensional information of the target are acquired by performing the hadamard inverse transformation. The hadamard transform imaging spectrometer has the advantages of small volume, light weight, low cost, high speed and high signal to noise ratio. The hadamard transform imaging spectrometer can be widely applied to the fields of aerial remote sensing, industry, agriculture, biomedicine, matter analysis and classification, universal and astronomic surveillance, environment and disaster monitoring, atmospheric detection, searching and tracking for military targets, and the like.

The invention discloses an all-time overall height atmospheric sounding and observing laser radar, and relates to a laser radar which can sound and observe various atmospheric parameters from the near ground to the height 110 kilometers above the ground. The laser radar consists of three parts, namely a laser emitting part (1), an optical receiving part (2) and a signal detection part (3). By the organic combination of dual wavelength emission, simultaneous three channel reception, narrow band filter and reception-emission combined adjusting and the like, the all-time overall height atmospheric sounding and observing laser radar is formed. The laser radar has the advantages that: at night, the radar can simultaneously sound and observe the atmospheric parameters in the height range of 1 to 110 kilometers; and in the daytime, the radar can simultaneously sound and observe the atmospheric parameters in two sections of height ranges of 1 to 60 kilometers and 80 to 110 kilometers; moreover, the radar also has the advantages of scientific technical proposal, high systematic integration level, good automaticity, reliable operation and convenient use, and provides a high-performance sounding way for research of the medium-upper atmosphere and environment monitoring of the medium-upper atmosphere.

The invention relates to an atmospheric sounding laser radar CCD (charge coupled device) imaging automatic beam-focusing method, which is characterized in that according to the method, a CCD camera is used for performing automatic beam focusing on laser radar backward scattering signal images. The method comprises the following steps that a laser radar emits a laser pulse into atmosphere through an emission regulating mirror; the laser pulse and substances in the atmosphere take mutual effects; the backward scattering light is received by a receiving telescope, becomes parallel light through a small-hole diaphragm and an eyepiece, and is then split into two parts through a spectroscope, wherein the transmission light enters the CCD camera for imaging the backward scattering light received by laser radar. A computer performs recognition and judgment on the formed image to obtain the two-dimensional orientation step length of the emission regulating mirror; the emission laser is regulated to the specified position in one step; the parallel state of the laser emission optical axis and the receiving telescope optical axis can be realized; the beam-focusing goal is achieved, so that the correctness of the obtained atmospheric echo signal is ensured; no iteration occurs in the process; the beam-focusing efficiency is high.

The invention discloses a high spectral polarization atmosphere detection laser radar system and a control method. The high spectral polarization atmosphere detection laser radar system comprises a laser emission system, a photoelectric reception / detection system and a multichannel data collection system; the multichannel data collection system is connected to the laser emission system and the photoelectric reception / detection system; through the high spectral resolution raster and a Fabry-Perot interferometer, the high spectral polarization atmosphere detection laser radar system realizes the high spectral high resolution detection function. The high spectral polarization atmosphere detection laser radar system separates the molecule scattering component in the atmosphere echo signal from the aerosol scattering component through the Fabry-Perot interferometer, solves the difficulty, which is met by a traditional backscattering laser radar, in inversion of two unknown quantities including an aerosol scattering coefficient and an extinction coefficient performed by a radar equation. The high spectral polarization atmosphere detection laser radar system can realize the detection of multiple atmosphere parameters, has a high automation level, a simple structure design and strong expandability and can provide the application service for the atmosphere research and atmosphere protection.

The invention discloses a composite-structure pigment having low lightness and infrared emitting ability and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of functional materials. The composite-structure pigment is aluminum powder of which particle surfaces are coated with nanoscale chromium oxide particles. The nanoscale chromium oxide particles hide the metal luster of particle surfaces of the aluminum powder so that a high infrared emitting ability of the aluminum powder is reduced suitably and thus the composite-structure pigment having low lightness and infrared emitting ability is obtained. The preparation method realizes deposition of nanoscale chromium oxide particles on particle surfaces of aluminum powder by a chemical precipitation method and a calcination process. The composite-structure pigment obtained by the preparation method has low lightness of 72.1 to 53.6 and infrared emitting ability of (0.71 to 0.43) in an atmospheric sounding window range of 8 to 14 microns, and can be used as a main padding of a multi-band (visible light band and infrared band) infrared camouflage coating.

An atmospheric detection laser radar based on semiconductor laser consists of semiconductor laser emitter, laser radar receiver, signal processing circuit and computer. It can be installed on ground base station, carrier vehicle, airplane and satellite and it is featured as emitting pulse laser beam to atmosphere by said detection laser radar for generating backward scattering light signal, receiving said signal by optical receiver in radar then sending it to computer to carry out analysis for obtaining space distribution and time evolution information of micro particles in atmospheric molecules and in atmosphere.

The invention relates to a method for increasing a signal and noise ratio of an atmospheric sounding Fourier infrared spectrometer. The method comprises the following steps of according to the working principle of the Fourier infrared spectrometer, sampling a zero-crossing pulse of an interference signal of the Fourier infrared spectrometer by a high-frequency clock, dividing the cycle of each zero-crossing pulse into a plurality of subpulses with equal time intervals, and using each divided subpulse as a triggering signal, so as to realize the oversampling of the infrared interference signal; converting the time coordinate information of the collected infrared interference signal sampling point into optical path difference coordinate information, and performing equal-optical path difference interpolation resampling and calculation on the sampling data crossing zero, and performing digital downsampling filtering on the resampled data. The method has the advantages that the data sampling frequency is improved, the digital filtering is realized, the aliasing noise and quantizing noise in the sampling can be eliminated, the noise introduced by an analog filtering device is avoided, and the signal and noise ratio of the spectrometer is increased.

The invention belongs to the field of atmospheric detection and particularly relates to a device and a method for measuring the two-waveband cloud height of a foundation. The device provided by the invention comprises a data processor, two visible light image sensors, an infrared sensor and a ground weather data receiving module, wherein the two visible light image sensors are respectively connected with the processor and used for obtaining and measuring the cloud images of a region sky; the infrared sensor is used for obtaining the air temperature of the region sky; the ground weather data receiving module is used for obtaining the ground weather data of a ground automatic weather station; and the processor computes the two-imaging cloud base height according to the image pair which is formed by the images, computes the vertical temperature descending gradient coefficients under the region cloud by combining the sky air temperature and the ground weather data to form a coefficient array and computes the region cloud height by selecting the multiple coefficient of the coefficient array. In the invention, a vertical temperature descending gradient coefficient array is formed by continuously obtaining and measuring the vertical temperature descending gradient coefficients under the region sky cloud, and the cloud height of the measured region sky is computed by selecting the multiple coefficients in the coefficient array, thereby greatly enhancing the accuracy that the infrared sensor measures the cloud height.

The present invention discloses a non-scanning continuous optical coherence speed measurement laser radar based on time-division multiplexing. According to the radar, a fiber continuous laser is used as a light source, and through focusing laser beams at an atmosphere detection region, by using aerosol back direction scattered signal of a laser focusing part and the mode of local oscillator optical coherent beat frequency, wind speed detection is realized. Receiving ends are two optical transceivers with a fixed direction and an adjustable focal distance, the two optical transceivers alternatively work through the time-division multiplexing technology, and thus non-scanning wind vector detection is realized. At the same time, the direction of the two transceivers can be adjusted according to different applications, thus the large wind vector measurement and the measurement of the speed of the platform where the laser radar is are realized, and the radar has the advantages of high detection accuracy, low cost, compact structure, electromagnetic interference resistance, and stable system.

A monostatic sodar system (10) for atmospheric sounding includes a processor and display unit (12) that generates a set of acoustic chirps for transmission by transmitter 20. Discontinuities (22, 24 and 26) result in echoes (28, 30 and 32) being returned to a receiver (38) of system (10). Receiver (38) outputs extracted echo signals on line to the processor (12) for analysis. Detector (36) implements a Fourier domain matched-filter to extract echo signals from noise. By using a set of multiple chirps of increasing length with increasing intervals between them, substantially any feasible range can be accommodated using send-then-listen techniques with the benefit of high s / n performance.

The invention discloses high atmosphere detection laser radar based on a large-photosurface superconducting single-photon detector. By application of the large-photosurface superconducting single-photon detector to a high atmosphere detection laser radar system, high atmosphere parameter detection can be realized through increase of telescope area. Compared with an existing detector applied to the high atmosphere detection laser radar, the superconducting single-photon detector has advantages of large photosurface, high counting rate, high quantum efficiency, low dark count rate, high photon count rate and short jittering time. Therefore, the high atmosphere detection laser radar based with the large-photosurface superconducting single-photon detector is more advantageous in range resolution, spatial resolution and detection precision; in other words, under the condition of realizing same detection indexes, the laser radar with the large-photosurface superconducting single-photon detector can adopt a smaller-aperture telescope or a lower-power laser.

The invention discloses a compound-system Doppler anemometry laser radar. The laser radar is the compound-system Doppler anemometry laser radar in which a coherent detection method and a direct detection method are combined. The laser radar can be used for the fields of laser detection, atmosphere detection and photoelectric detection, and the technology is different from the stripe imaging technology based on a Fiso interferometer and adopted by ALADIN at low altitude and the double-edge technology based on a Fabry-Perot etalon and adopted at high altitude. According to the technical scheme,a coherent detection method is adopted at the low altitude and the direct detection method is adopted at the high altitude for measuring a wind field, wind field detection coverage at the height of 0-30 km, the advantage of high background noise resistance of the coherent detection technology can be fully exerted in low-altitude detection, detection under the shot noise extreme can be achieved, and the advantage of higher detection precision is achieved.

The invention provides a device and method for increasing filamentation length of femtosecond laser in the air. The device is characterized in that adjustable apertures, a phase plate and a focusing lens are sequentially arranged on a light path for outputting collimated femtosecond laser. The experiments show that after passing through the phase plate, the high-energy femtosecond laser pulse changes the focusing characteristic of the focused zone due to interference effect, thus greatly increasing the length of the focused zone. Compared with the common Gaussian beam focusing, the method of the invention ensures supercontinuum radiation to focus in the axial direction, thus ensuring more energy to be conveyed to farther places, which is of great significance in laser triggered lightning, remote atmospheric sounding and acquisition of superstrong and supershort few-cycle laser pulse.

The invention relates to a device and method for increasing breakdown point distance of laser-induced air breakdown. The method includes: using a beam combiner to combine a femtosecond laser pulse and a nanosecond laser pulse, regulating the time delay between the femtosecond laser pulse and the nanosecond laser pulse to allow the femtosecond laser pulse to be a certain time ahead of the nanosecond laser pulse, and using a concave reflecting mirror to focus the femtosecond laser pulse and the nanosecond laser pulse in the air to generate induced breakdown. Compared with common laser-induced breakdown, the method has the advantages that the femtosecond laser pulse is focused in advance to form preionization in the air, generated electrons lower the breakdown threshold of the nanosecond laser pulse in the air to allow the breakdown point of the induced breakdown generated by the nanosecond laser pulse to be farther than breakdown point of a traditional method, and the farther breakdown point lays a foundation for the development of remote atmospheric sounding technology, and the method is significant to the remote detection of the gas components and content in an atmospheric environment.

The invention relates to a static spectrum polarization imaging device, which comprises an optical-mechanical system and a control unit, wherein the optical-mechanical system comprises a front imaging system and a detector, and the control unit comprises a display; and the static spectrum polarization imaging device is characterized in that the optical-mechanical system also comprises a relay imaging optical system, a liquid crystal variable retarder (LCVR) in a polarization modulation system and a liquid crystal tunable filter (LCTF) in a beam splitting system which are sequentially arranged between the front imaging system and the detector. According to the static spectrum polarization imaging device, by adoption of the LCTF and LCVR, the polarization state and penetrating wavelengths are electrically tuned, so that full-static spectrum polarization imaging is realized, any mechanical motion part is not required, the power consumption is reduced, the volume is reduced, and possibility is provided for realizing a portable spectrum polarization imaging device. The static spectrum polarization imaging device has a wide application prospect in the fields of environmental monitoring, atmospheric sounding, soil humidity analysis, plant classification, military application and the like.

The invention relates to the technical fields of satellite navigation, atmospheric sounding and parallel computation, and in particular relates to a data treatment method of parallelization Abel transformation atmospheric parameters. Because no time dependence on data treatment exists among occultation events generated by an LEO asterism occultation system, the back calculation of the Abel transformation atmospheric parameter of each occultation event is mutually independent. Based on the point, the data treatment method of the parallelization Abel transformation atmospheric parameters is provided by the invention, and the back calculation of the Abel transformation atmospheric parameter is realized by adopting a high-efficiency parallelization method with fine granularity. Aiming at the condition that no time dependence exists within the back calculation process of the Abel transformation atmospheric parameter, the atmospheric parameter back calculation on the multiple occultation events is carried out by completely adopting a fine granularity parallel mode, thus the invention has the characteristics of high efficiency, simple method and high execution efficiency, is suitable for computer systems, and can effectively improve the core part of the asterism occultation data system, i.e. the work efficiency of the atmospheric parameter back calculation.

The invention discloses an atmospheric turbulence detection method and system based on vortex electromagnetic waves, and belongs to the field of atmospheric detection. The method comprises the steps:transmitting OAM electromagnetic waves to a to-be-detected region; receiving backscattered electromagnetic waves for the to-be-detected area, identifying a wave field distribution function of the backscattered electromagnetic waves, and solving a complex phase interference factor of atmospheric turbulence according to the wave field distribution function of the backscattered electromagnetic wavesand the wave field distribution function of the OAM electromagnetic waves under the turbulence-free condition; and solving a phase factor corresponding to the atmospheric turbulence according to the wave field distribution function of the backscattered electromagnetic wave and the probability density distribution of the orbital angular momentum mode of the hyper-geometric Gaussian beam in the radial direction, and representing the state of the atmospheric turbulence by using the complex phase interference factor and the phase factor. The device can effectively detect long-distance atmosphericturbulence.

The invention provides a ground-based microwave radiometer, a scaling method thereof and an atmosphere detecting method. The ground-based microwave radiometer comprises a flat mirror, a motor, a scanning control circuit, a lens, a feed source, a demultiplexer, a receiver unit, a scaling member and a data acquisition management unit. The radiometer utilizes the flat mirror for scanning and utilizesthe lens for focusing a plane wave which is reflected by the flat mirror so that relative position between the flat mirror and the feed source is fixed. The ground-based microwave radiometer preventsan output fluctuation phenomenon caused by standing-wave ratio change of an antenna feed system after relative position change between a parabolic reflecting surface antenna and the feed source in rotation, and furthermore prevents the defects of high machining difficulty and high cost in the parabolic reflecting surface antenna. Furthermore, according to the radiometer, the scaling method in which absolute scaling and real-time scaling are combined is utilized; not only can scaling accuracy be improved, but also system applicability to an environment can be improved.

Disclosed is an optical splitter of a wind-detecting lidar which is based on the double-edge technique, and the device belongs to the atmosphere detection technology field. The purpose of the device is to solve the problem that the current angle tuning technique can not perfectly control the small angle of two incoming optical beams of the single etalon. The optical splitting prism comprises an incident face with an antireflection coating, a first exit facet with a translucent coating, a second exit facet with an antireflection coating, and a fully reflecting surface with a perfect reflection coating. The incoming optical beam is divided into two beams by the incidence optical splitting prism along the preset minimum deviation angle, one beam is refracted to form a first exited optical beam by the first exit face, and the other beam can be reflected to form a second exited optical beam by the fully reflecting surface and the second exit face, the incident face and the second exit face are arranged in parallel, the two angles of Alpha and Beta of the light splitting prism meet the preset equations set. The device has simple structure, simple operation, easy control and low cost, improves the current angle tuning technique, and the angle tuning precision can be improved by 1 to 2 orders of magnitude.

Methods and apparatus for atmospheric sounding using acoustic chirps are disclosed, the transmitted and echo chirps being compared in a mixer that yields frequency sums and differences. Preferably, the mixing is performed as a complex multiplication in the Fourier domain. In one system (1) a signal generator (5) such as a PC sound card drives a loudspeaker (3) that serves as a transmitter and echo pulses are detedcted by a microphone (4) that serves as a receiver. Chirps transmitted by the loudspeaker (3) travel by different paths (7a and 7b) due to reflection from TILS or thermal inversion layers (2a and 2b) at different altitudes. The transmitted and echo chirp signals are compared in a mixer (6) from which various outputs (8 and 9) can be generated. One output (8) might be the magnitude of the difference between the transmitted and echo chirp tones, instant by instant, which is indicative of the altitudes of the respective TILs. The other output (9) might be the phase shift in an echo tone with transit time, which is indicative of vertical wind velocity at different altitudes. Such sounding methods and apparatus are useful for weather research, prediction of plume dispersal and the design of microwave links to minimize multipath fading.

The invention discloses an imaging spectrometer based on a grating translational light modulator, which can apply a linear array detector. The imaging spectrometer comprises a receiving optical system, a dispersing component, an imaging lens, a grating translational light modulator array, a convergent mirror and a detector, wherein radiation information of a target is imaged on the dispersing component line by line according to different time sequences by using the receiving optical system, and is imaged on programmable grating translational light modulator linear arrays by using the imaging lens after being subjected to light splitting by the dispersing component; the grating translational light modulator linear arrays are programmed and driven line by line, so that light of different wavelengths passes through according to the time sequence and is converged onto the detector by using the convergent mirror; and through data synthesis, the spatial dimension information and optical dimension information of the target are obtained. The spectrometer has the advantages of small size, light weight, low price, high speed and high resolution, and can be widely applied to the fields of space flight and aviation remote sensing, industry, agriculture, biological medicine, substance analysis and classification, universal and astronomical detection, environment and disaster monitoring, atmosphere detection, searching and tracking of military targets, and the like.

The invention discloses a high-altitude air Rayleigh scattering wind-warm syndrome laser radar which is used for high-altitude air sounding. The laser radar comprises a laser emitting unit (1), a receiving telescope (2), an optical fiber (3), a frequency discrimination unit (4) and a data acquiring and processing unit (5), wherein output frequency of emitting laser adopts atomic absorption for frequency stabilization; and the frequency discrimination unit can adopt three channels of the same atom for frequency discrimination, respectively obtains strengths of full spectrum, left edge spectrum and right edge spectrum of an echo spectrum, and can simultaneously obtain air density, temperature and wind field. The invention has the advantages of strong inhibition capacity of background light, high frequency discrimination precision, small detection error and stable and reliable work.

The invention relates to a laser radar multichannel photon counting and simulated detection device and method, belongs to the technical field of high-speed real-time collecting and processing of laserradar signals, and aims at realizing photo counting detection and simulated detection of multi-channel echo signals of an atmosphere detection laser radar. The device comprises an analog signal conditioning and collecting module, a photon signal shaping module, a clock distribution module, a power supply management module, an external interface module, a low-speed FPGA module and a high-speed FPGA module. Via the device and method, echo signals of the atmosphere detection laser radar can be processed in real time, multi-channel laser echo photon counting detection and simulated detection canbe realized, and the method and device are characterized by high hardware integrated degree, stable performance and extensible functions.