The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural production equipment, and discloses a cultivation facility and method of mushroom-vegetable symbiosis. The facility comprises a mushroom planting area arranged between two adjacent solar greenhouses in a dug mode, gable walls are arranged on the east and north sides of the mushroom planting area, a sunshading board is arranged above the mushroom planting area in a covering mode, the sunshading board, the gable walls, a rear wall of one solar greenhouse on the south side and the front surface of the other solar greenhouse on the north side together form a closed mushroom room in an enclosing mode, the mushroom room is communicated with the solar greenhouse on the north side, and entrances are formed in the gable walls. According to the facility, through the mushroom planting area formed between the two adjacent solar greenhouses in a dug mode, the land use rate is greatly improved, and the income of farmers is greatly increased; moreover, through the cultivation method, diversion of a bidirectional air blower is adjusted according to the requirements, circular adjustment of the temperatures, humidity and concentrations of CO2 in the mushroom room and the solar greenhouse on the north is achieved, the purpose of cooling of the solar greenhouses in summer is achieved, and the yield is greatly improved.