The invention discloses a functional zirconium-based metallic organic framework / graphene oxide composite material as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The composite material comprises Uio-66-OH as a carrier which is doped with graphene oxide. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a reaction substrate solution from an organic ligand, a soluble zircon salt, an organic solvent, a high-boiling-point organic solvent and a graphene oxide solution, carrying out a reaction on the reaction substrate solution, repeatedly soaking and centrifuging the reactionproduct, washing, and drying, thereby obtaining the composite material. The composite material disclosed by the invention has the advantages of being low in cost, stable in structure, good in adsorption capability, high in adsorption velocity, and the like, can be widely applied to dye wastewater treatment, has a good removal effect and has high use values and good application prospects, and thepreparation method of the composite material has the advantages of being simple in process, simple in operation condition, easy to control, convenient to operate, easy in raw material obtaining, low in preparation cost, short in synthesis cycle, and the like.