57results about How to "Optimize spatial distribution" patented technology

The invention discloses a hydrophilic / hydrophobic compound multilayer membrane electrode and a preparation method thereof. The membrane electrode comprises an anode catalyst layer, a proton exchange membrane, and a cathode catalyst layer, wherein the cathode catalyst layer comprises a three-layer composite structure with a hydrophilic gradient, the layer which is near the proton membrane is a hydrophilic modification layer, the layer which is near a gas diffusion layer is a hydrophobic modification layer, and the middle part between the two layers is a unmodified layer, so that the hydrophilic gradient is formed in the cathode catalyst layer. The hydrophilic layer has moisture retention effects for ionic polymers in the proton exchange membrane and the catalysis layer in a condition with low relative humidity, so that ionic conduction resistance of the membrane electrode is reduced. The hydrophobic layer reduces a capillary pressure gradient between the catalyst layer and the gas diffusion layer, and diffusion of water from the diffusion layer to the catalyst layer in a condition with high relative humidity is inhibited. The scheme is used for realizing the purpose for optimizing water distribution in catalyst layers.

A method for diffusely distributing a micro-nano particle reinforced phase in a composite material is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: 1, ball-milling the micro-nano particle reinforced phase and matrix powder by adopting a mechanical ball-milling process in order to improve the wettability of the micro-nano particle enhanced wetting phase and a metal melt; 2, melting the metal melt, adding the molten metal melt to the ball-milled mixed powder, and processing the obtained melt by utilizing an ultrasonic field or an ultrasonic and electromagnetic compound fieldt; and 3, carrying out cooling molding or casting molding to prepared a micro-nano particle reinforced phase diffusely distributed metal matrix composite material. The method realizes the diffusive distribution of one or more of ceramic particles of SiC, WC, Al4C3, B4C, ZrB2, TiB, Al2O3 and AlN in metal materials of aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy and the like, and the high-quality metal matrix composite material with good compactness and uniform performances can be obtained through the method.

The invention belongs to the field of surface modification of materials, and particularly relates to a magnetic control arc ion plating composite depositing process and a magnetic control arc ion plating composite depositing device for controlling the movement velocity of a cathode spot, restraining the transmission of plasma, enhancing the deposition rate and deposition uniformity of a thin film, reducing the spraying of large granules positioned on the surface of a target material and enhancing the etching uniformity of the target material. The arc ion plating device is provided with two magnetic field generation devices, one is arranged behind the target material, and the other one is arranged at the outer side of a plasma transmission channel; thin film deposition is accessorily carried out on the surface of a base body through a coupling magnetic field generated by the two magnetic field generation devices. The magnetic control arc ion plating composite depositing process disclosed by the invention can reduce the spraying of the large granules positioned on the surface of the target material and the quantity of the large granules contained in the thin film through the coupling magnetic field generated by the two coupled magnetic field generation devices, thereby solving the problem of nonuniformity of the plasma on a transmission space in the traditional process, enhancing the utilization ratio of the plasma, enhancing the deposition rate of the thin film and the thickness uniformity of the thin film and providing the effective guarantee for preparing various high-property thin films.