The invention belongs to the field of medicines and particularly relates to a new application of an iridoid glycoside compound, genipin-1-[beta]-D-gentiobioside, and a composition composed by compounding the genipin-1-[beta]-Dgentiobioside with other components as effective components for preparing antiviral drugs, antibacterial drugs, fever alleviating drugs, inflammation resistant drugs and anti-oxidizing drugs. The iridoid glycoside compound and the composition can be used for treating acute respiratory infection, flu, pneumonia, viral hepatitis type B, herpes zoster, herpes viral keratitis, viral myocarditis, Epstein-Barr virus infection, retrovirus infectious diseases and bacterial infectious diseases.