The invention discloses a rock sample in-situ fidelity coring system. The rock sample in-situ fidelity coring system comprises a driving module, a fidelity module and a coring module which are sequentially connected, the coring module comprises a rock core drilling tool and a rock core sample storage cylinder, the fidelity module comprises a rock core sample fidelity cabin, the driving module comprises a coring drill rig, and the coring drill rig comprises a drill rig outer cylinder unlocking mechanism; the rock core drilling tool comprises a coring drill tool, a core catcher and an inner corepipe, the coring drill tool comprises an outer core pipe and a hollow drill bit, and the drill bit is connected with the lower end of the outer core pipe; the lower end of the inner core pipe extendsto the bottom of the outer core pipe, and the inner core pipe is in clearance fit with the outer core pipe; and the rock core sample fidelity cabin comprises an inner coring cylinder, an outer coringcylinder and an energy accumulator, the outer coring cylinder sleeves the inner coring cylinder, the upper end of the inner coring cylinder communicates with a liquid nitrogen storage tank, the liquid nitrogen storage tank is located in the outer coring cylinder, the energy accumulator communicates with the outer coring cylinder, and the outer coring cylinder is provided with a flap valve. According to the rock sample in-situ fidelity coring system, the rock core is advantageously kept the state under the in-situ environment, the drilling speed can be increased, and the coring efficiency is improved.