231results about How to "Large fluctuations" patented technology

Techniques for transmitting voice / data and packet data services such that packet data transmissions have less impact on voice / data transmissions. In one aspect, voice / data and packet data can be multiplexed within a transmission interval such that the available resources are efficiently utilized. In another aspect, the amount of variation in the total transmit power from a base station is controlled to reduce degradation to transmissions from this and other base stations. In a specific method for concurrently transmitting a number of types of data, a first data type (e.g., voice, overhead, and some data) and a second data type are respectively processed in accordance with first and second signal processing schemes to generate first and second payloads, respectively. First and second partitions are then defined in a transmission interval. The first and second payloads are time multiplexed into the first and second partitions, respectively, and the multiplexed payloads are transmitted.

Disclosed is an apparatus for autonomously compressing, phase-compensating and waveform-shaping an ultrashort light pulse that is fast and high in sensitivity in compensating for phase fluctuations and allows the use of a usual laser light source that is low in light intensity and has large temporal fluctuations in phase. The apparatus comprises: a pulsed light source (2); a spectroscopic spatial dispersing device (4) for spatially dispersing a light pulse (3) emitted from the pulsed light source (2) into spectral components thereof; a spatial light modulator (5) for adding a phase to each of the spectral components of the spatially dispersed light pulse (3); a multiplexer (6) for combining the phase added spectral components of the light pulse (3) together to form a composite output light pulse (7); a modified SPIDER device (8) for forming a spectral interference figure from a portion of the composite output light pulse (7); and a feedback device (9) for detecting a spectral phase from the spectral interference figure and feeding a signal representing a difference between the detected spectral phase and a pre-established phase back to the spatial light modulator (5). The modified SPIDER device (8) comprises: a pulsed light source for a chirped light pulse (8a); a delay unit (8c) for delaying a light pulse (8b) from the pulsed light source (8a) with an adjustable delay time; a dispersive medium (28) for forming a chirped light pulse (29) from the light pulse whose delay time is adjusted by the delay unit (8c); a replica pulse former (24) for forming from a portion of the output light pulse (7) a pair of replica light pulses (24a, 24b) one delayed after the other; a nonlinear optical crystal (31) for frequency-mixing the two replica pulses (24a, 24b) with the chirped light pulse (29); a spectrometer (8e) for forming an interference figure of the resultant two frequency-mixed replica light pulses; and an image reader (8f) for reading the interference figure of the two frequency-mixed replica light pulses.

A pre-coding method for a MIMO system and an apparatus using the same are described. In the method, a receiver determines a corresponding codebook from a multi-codebook including multiple codebooks according to a location of a resource block, selects a corresponding codeword index from the determined codebook and transmits the index to a transmitter; the transmitter determines the corresponding codebook from the multi-codebook including multiple codebooks according to the location of the resource block where transmission data is to be transmitted, selects a corresponding codeword from the determined codebook according to the codeword index and performs pre-coding for the transmission data with the selected codeword. The pre-coding is performed with the multi-codebook in the present invention, which increases a diversity of pre-coding matrixes, so dynamic fluctuation range of a equivalent channel is improved and thus the performance of multi-user scheduling is enhanced effectively.

The present invention relates to a method for balancing the distribution of interference between radio cells in a wireless communication system comprising cells in which subcarrier blocks are used for communication. A number of adjacent cells build a cell cluster. Moreover, the present invention relates to a corresponding method adapted for use in a system in which multi beam antennas or multiple antennas are used. Furthermore, the present invention relates to base stations performing the above method as well as a communication system comprising the base stations. To reduce the large average SIR variations without causing additional SIR estimation, measurement and calculation problem as introduced with power control the invention suggests to group subcarrier blocks into a plurality of subcarrier block sets in each cell of a cell cluster, to determine transmission power ranges for each of the cells of said cell cluster, and to assign transmission power ranges to the subcarrier block sets to perform TPC within the ranges.

The invention relates to a gas diffusion electrode (1) comprising a hydrophobic gas diffusion layer (3b), a reaction layer (3a), and a hydrophilic layer (5) arranged in the mentioned order wherein the reaction layer (3a) is arranged to a barrier layer (4), which barrier layer (4), on its opposite side, is arranged to the hydrophilic layer (5). The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing such a gas diffusion electrode (1), and to an electrolytic cell, and use thereof.

A temperature sensor includes a probe section for insertion into a hot zone. The probe section includes a thermistor, a first lengthy pin terminating at the thermistor, and a second lengthy pin also terminating at the thermistor. A housing section is on one end of the probe section and outside of the hot zone. The housing section includes a first spring which biases the first pin into contact with the thermistor, a second spring which biases the second pin into contact with the thermistor, a first electrical contact engaged with the first spring, and a second electrical contact engaged with the second spring.