The invention relates to a method for synthesizing poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl)methylphosphonate through catalysis by virtue of a metallic oxide and belongs to the technical field of preparation of flameretardants. The method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the metallic oxide, dimethyl methylphosphorate and ethylene glycol to obtain a heterogeneous mixture, adding the mixture into a three-necked flask, adding stirrers into the three-necked flask, placing the three-necked flask on an electromagnetic heating jacket at the temperature of 160-170 DEG C, stirring at constant temperature, distilling for 2-4 hours, and filtering, so that the poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl)methylphosphonate is obtained. The method provided by the invention has the advantages that reaction time is greatly shortened, reaction can be finished within 2-4 hours, the reaction time is almost the same compared with an equivalent excellent ionic liquid catalyst, but cost is lower, and catalytic conditions are milder. In the industry, the ionic liquid catalyst needs to carry out intermittent operation by adopting a kettle type reaction system, and the metallic oxide can carry out continuous operation, so thatproduction efficiency of industrial production of poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl)methylphosphonate is improved, and economic benefit is further improved.