The invention relates to an underground magnetic suspension robot system capable of automatically tracking the fault of a belt conveyor for a coal mine. The system comprises an electromagnetic guide rail, a magnetic suspension moving device, a wireless charging pile and a remote upper computer; the electromagnetic guide rail is fixed on a hanging bracket in a belt conveying roadway, and the magnetic suspension moving device is arranged on the electromagnetic guide rail; a video camera, a sensor, a wireless video receiving-transmitting module, a wireless control receiving-transmitting module, amagnetic suspension control module and a wireless charging module are arranged on the magnetic suspension moving device; the wireless charging pile is fixed at one end of the electromagnetic guide rail; an electromagnetic guide rail control module, a video receiving-transmitting module, a control receiving-transmitting module, a wireless charging control module, a PLC controller and an Ethernet interface module are arranged in the wireless charging pile; and the Ethernet interface module is connected with the remote upper computer via a network interface. The magnetic suspension robot systemprovided by the invention has the functions of automatic inspection, fault tracking, wireless charging and magnetic suspension automatic traveling, so that the labor intensity of workers is greatly reduced, and the detection effect is improved.