72 results about "Ocean depth" patented technology

A deepwater windpower plant (DWP) has a tension leg-type floating platform with an evacuable base for adjusting its buoyancy for installation at ocean depths ranging from 40 meters up to 1.5 kilometers and more. The DWP has a typical offshore wind turbine assembled close to shore which is then towed to a desired installation site on the ocean, and held in place by a gravity anchoring base (GAB), to which an evacuable portion or space of the DWP platform is anchored. The GAB has upwardly extending mooring tethers and a power cable which are brought to the ocean surface by attached buoys. The GAB is sunk to the ocean floor at the installation site under controlled conditions so that the GAB lands flat on the ocean floor. As the GAB sinks to the ocean floor, the mooring tethers and power cable are pulled to the surface by their respective buoys. The GAB is loaded with heavy ballast material that can be dropped from barges on the ocean surface into the upwardly open GAB below the barges.

An open-ocean fish-growing platform has a submersible cage structure for growing fish, an antenna for receiving positioning signals transmitted from an external source, a position-correction apparatus for calculating a position error signal from a target geostatic position, and an ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) system for generating electric power for thruster units to maintain the cage structure in the target geostatic position. The OTEC system inducts colder ocean water from a deeper ocean depth for driving its heat exchange cycle, and is also of hybrid type using a fuel-fired unit as a heat source. The cold water effluent from the OTEC system is directed into the cage for flushing wastes generated by the growing fish. The self-positioning, self-powered open-ocean platform enables unmanned, extended marine deployment in deeper ocean waters without the need for tethering or anchoring to the ocean floor.

A method of providing for seawater supply to an offshore jackup rig comprising suspending a pump from a hose which is unreeled from a reel on the jackup rig, the hose comprising fluid flow capacity for allowing seawater to be pumped from ocean depths up to the jackup rig, axial tensile capacity members within the wall of the hose to support the pump and the column of pumped water, and electricity carrying members within the wall of the hose to power the pump, a gland for the insertion of an electrical umbilical within the internal bore of the hose, and laying the hose horizontally on the deck of the jackup to insert the electrical umbilical within the hose.

An open-ocean fish-growing platform has a submersible cage structure for growing fish, an antenna for receiving positioning signals transmitted from an external source, a position-correction apparatus for calculating a position error signal from a target geostationary position, and an ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) system for generating electric power for thruster units to maintain the cage structure in the target geostationary position. The OTEC system inducts colder ocean water from a deeper ocean depth for driving its heat exchange cycle, and is also of hybrid type using a fuel-fired unit as a heat source. The cold water effluent from the OTEC system is directed into the cage for flushing wastes generated by the growing fish. The self-positioning, self-powered open-ocean platform enables unmanned, extended marine deployment in deeper ocean waters without the need for tethering or anchoring to the ocean floor.

The invention discloses a performance test device and a performance test method for a seawater hydraulic motor under a deep-sea high-back-pressure environment. The performance test device mainly comprises a seawater hydraulic motor test system, a monitoring control system, a deep-sea simulation cabin, a pressure loading system and a circulating water cooling system, wherein the deep-sea simulation cabin provides back pressure required to bear while working under different water-depth environments for performance test of the tested seawater hydraulic motor by virtue of the pressure loading system; test load of the tested seawater hydraulic motor is freely regulated by virtue of a high-pressure flow control valve mounted in the circulating water cooling pipeline; and the circulating water cooling pipeline can effectively avoid rising the water temperature in the cabin due to heat generated by the seawater hydraulic motor operated under load, the motor and the like. The method can simulate the back pressure environment at a set ocean depth and can realize performance test for the seawater hydraulic motor, is simple to operate, easy to realize, not only overcomes the technical difficulty of lowering the seawater hydraulic motor into great-depth deep sea, but also can accurately obtain performance parameters of the seawater hydraulic motor.

The invention relates to a hydraulic system used for adjusting the buoyancy of a full-ocean-depth submersible. The hydraulic system comprises a hydraulic power source, a seawater hydraulic power source, a water ballast space and a water ballast space control valve set. The hydraulic power source drives the seawater hydraulic power source to work, and water injection or water drainage of the interior of the water ballast space is controlled through switching of the water ballast space control valve set, and thus adjusting of the buoyancy of the full-ocean-depth submersible is achieved. The hydraulic system is simple in structure and convenient to use; and a pressure cylinder of the hydraulic system is driven by oil pressure and outputs aqueous media, compared with traditional axial plunger type seawater pumps, the machining cost of the hydraulic system is low, and the flow is larger, the service life is long, the reliability is good and the volume efficiency is high with the same volume. The submersible buoyancy adjusting working condition of the hydraulic system has quite low requirements for pumping flow pulsation, the hydraulic system is better agree with the submersible buoyancy adjusting working condition than the axial plunger pumps, and the outlet pressure of the pressure cylinder can meet the full-ocean-depth application requirements by adjusting the pressure ratio of the pressure cylinder.

The invention provides an underwater depth-setting releasing device, which comprises a base, an upper cover, a piston, a leather bag and a rupture disk. The barrel bottom of the upper cover is provided with a through hole, glycerin is filled in the leather bag, the piston and the leather bag are placed in the upper cover, the rupture disk is clamped between the base and the upper cover which are fastened by a bolt, the side wall of the upper cover close to the barrel bottom is provided with a steel ball hole, a bearing sleeve is sleeved outside the upper cover and provided with a steel ball hole corresponding to the steel ball hole on the side wall of the upper cover, steel balls are arranged in the steel ball holes, the bearing sleeve is provided with a steel ball retainer ring, and a ballast is connected to the base. The underwater depth-setting releasing device has the advantages of relatively low cost, large bearing load, light weight, small volume, simple installation, easy detection and control, high control accuracy and the like, can be applicable and practicable in a predetermined ocean depth, and can be applied to an underwater robot, an underwater construction machine and underwater equipment.

The invention relates to a device and method for simulating a full-ocean-depth pressure battery performance. The device is composed of an iron-casting pressure container, a pressurizing mechanism, a to-be-tested soft lithium iron phosphate battery arranged inside the iron-casting pressure container, an insulating medium and a sensing mechanism. The iron-casting pressure container includes a pressure tank with a pressure gauge and pressure relief valve; and a circuit plugging port, the pressure gauge, and a pressurized pipe plugging port are arranged on the top of the iron-casting pressure container with the 140-MPa pressure-resistant performance. Therefore, a full-ocean-depth environment with the 100-MPa pressure and low temperature can be simulated; the lithium iron phosphate battery withpoor stability can be pressurized to be at the voltage of 100MPa; and the changing situation of electrical parameters of the bathyscaphe battery with depth changes is tested.

The invention relates to a steering gear, in particular to an underwater electric steering engine and a rudder angle detection method. The underwater electric steering engine comprises an output shaft, an engine base, a worm wheel, a worm, a power system and a steering engine controller. The power system drives the output shaft to rotate through transmission of the worm and the worm wheel. The output shaft extends out of the end, provided with a shaft end cap, of the engine base, and the output shaft is provided with a limiting swing piece at the end. A swing groove is formed in the shaft end cap. The limiting swing piece swings in the swing groove. The steering engine controller is connected with a motor in the power system. An incremental encoder is arranged on the motor. The limiting swing piece and the steering engine controller are used for determining the rudder angle zero point position. The incremental encoder is used for detecting angle change values of a motor output shaft so as to determine the absolute position of the current rudder angle. The power system is arranged in a shell. The shell communicates with the engine base, and the interior of the shell is an oil-filled sealed space. An oil pipe is connected with the shell. The underwater electric steering engine is compact in overall structure and capable of meeting operation demands of full-ocean-depth low-speed large-torque and large-moment output.

A power supply device for a variable rotation speed drive includes a free-running converter connected to a land-based power grid, and an inverter connected to the variable rotation speed drive. A direct-current cable electrically connects the DC side of the converter with the DC side of the inverter. The inverter includes a plurality of phase modules having an upper and a lower valve branches with least two series-connected, two-pole subsystems with distributed energy storage devices. The inverter is located on the seabed in immediate vicinity of the variable rotation speed drive. Signal electronics of the inverter is located on land. In this way, the distance between the power supply on land and the drive on the ocean floor can reach several hundred kilometers, with ocean depths of several kilometers.

The invention relates to the technical field of full ocean depth underwater robots, in particular to a full ocean depth ARV underwater robot structure. The full ocean depth ARV underwater robot structure comprises a cabin, a starboard vertical propeller, a larboard vertical propeller, rotating rudder plate components, main propulsion motors, a water and water surface communication positioning system, an optical detection system, an acoustic detection system and an operation device, wherein the starboard vertical propeller and the larboard vertical propeller are correspondingly arranged on thetwo sides of a bow of the cabin; the rotating rudder plate components for providing horizontal navigation power for a carrier and the main propulsion motors are arranged on the two sides of a stern ofthe cabin; the water and water surface communication positioning system is arranged at the top of the cabin; the optical detection system and the acoustic detection system are arranged at the bottomof the cabin; and the operation device is arranged in the cabin. According to the full ocean depth ARV underwater robot structure, the maximum operation depth of an underwater robot reaches 11000 m; and moreover, myriametre submarine voyage and sampling operation tasks are realized.

Devices and methods for producing purified water. The device includes a reverse osmosis subsystem, a dehumidification subsystem and a purified water storage tank fluidly coupled to the subsystems such that purified water produced by each can be locally stored. A vehicular platform, such as a ship, can be used to locate the device adjacent a supply of saline water and humid air. A saline water inlet, membrane and purified water outlet cooperate in the reverse osmosis subsystem to allow preferential passage of water relative to salt in a saline water supply, while the dehumidification subsystem includes a heat exchanger that extracts moisture from the ambient humid air. Purified water produced by each of the subsystems can be used as a potable water source. When used in conjunction with a ship, part or all of the reverse osmosis subsystem can be submersed to a depth sufficient to generate a hydrostatic pressure that is in turn sufficient to passively operate the reverse osmosis membrane such that additional pressurizing equipment, such as a pump, is not needed. Furthermore, the temperature of the water purified by the reverse osmosis subsystem may be low enough to be used as a condensing agent for the ambient humid air passing through the dehumidification subsystem.

The invention belongs to the technical field of ocean temperature depth profile detection, and particularly relates to an ocean temperature depth profile detection system based on a combined type high-precision temperature measuring cable. The ocean temperature depth profile detection system mainly comprises a buoy unit, a temperature measuring cable unit and an anchor system unit which are connected and communicated in sequence, wherein the buoy unit comprises a buoy body and a system control module fixedly arranged in the buoy body; the temperature measuring cable unit is formed by serially connecting a plurality of temperature measuring single sections end to end in sequence; the anchor system unit comprises an anchor body, the anchor body is a metal body comprising a cavity and is sealed, and a power supply module and a battery are arranged in the cavity. The ocean temperature depth profile detection system is based on the buoy technology, adopts the combined type underwater temperature measuring cable, can be flexibly distributed in sea areas at different depths in a single-point or multipoint manner, obtains ocean temperature at different depths according to temperature sensors on the temperature measuring cable at different positions, realizes precise, real-time and long-term monitoring of multipoint and different ocean depth temperature data in specific sea areas, and has the advantages of low cost, easy implementation, high temperature measuring precision and good reliability.

The invention discloses a quaternary cross array acoustic detecting system for an underwater glider, and relates to the field of marine environmental detecting equipment. According the quaternary cross array acoustic detecting system, the problem that in an existing marine environmental detecting system, vertical dimension information of ambient ocean noise with different ocean depths cannot be obtained in a large scale is solved. Four sound pressure hydrophones are all used for obtaining ocean surface vertical dimension sound pressure signals and sending the signals to a datum collecting andstorage module; the four sound pressure hydrophones are respectively fixed to the four wingtips of the empennage of the underwater glider; and the datum collecting and storage module is used for collecting and storing vertical dimension sound pressure signals in the process of underwater vertical section movement of the underwater glider. The quaternary cross array acoustic detecting system for the underwater glider is used for obtaining vertical dimensional marine environmental acoustic information.

The invention provides a preparation method of full ocean depth hollow glass micro-beads, wherein the preparation method comprises the steps: mixing raw materials of SiO2, Na2O, CaO, B2O3, K2O or Li2O, BaO or MgO and Al2O3 evenly; putting the raw materials into a melting furnace, melting, pouring the prepared molten glass into a water quenching tank, and carrying out water quenching; drying the obtained glass, and then carrying out powder grinding classification into a glass powder through a gas flow crushing classifier; carrying out hollow balling of the glass powder by a bead forming furnace; separating the collected material to obtain hollow glass micro-beads through a flotation method; carrying out suppressing optimization of the hollow glass micro-beads; then carrying out primary winnowing of the hollow glass micro-beads, allowing the winnowed hollow glass micro-beads to enter an ultrasound vibration classifier, carrying out particle size classification, and thus obtaining the full ocean depth hollow glass micro-beads. The invention provides the full ocean depth hollow glass micro-beads prepared by the preparation method of the full ocean depth hollow glass micro-beads. The hollow glass micro-beads prepared by the preparation method have the particle size centralized at 5-45 [mu]m, have the density of 0.46+ / -0.02 g / cm<3>, the compressive strength of more than or equal to 110 MPa and the floating rate of more than or equal to 99%, have high rate of finished products, and are easy to melt.

The invention discloses a novel pressure resisting polymer lithium battery pack for an underwater vehicle. The novel pressure resisting polymer lithium battery pack is capable of operating in any ocean depth. The novel pressure resisting polymer lithium battery pack comprises a box body, a lithium battery unit arranged in the box body, a protecting plate arranged in the box body, a flexible roof cover arranged on the upper portion of the box body, a pressing plate arranged on the upper portion of the box body and a stop valve arranged on the lower portion of the box body. The lithium battery unit is composed of a polymer monomer lithium battery, a PCB adapter plate and a supporting frame. The lithium battery unit and the protecting plate are fixed on the studs arranged on the box body through screws. A circuit connection between the protecting plate and the lithium battery unit is achieved through wires. The flexible roof cover and the pressing plate are fixed on flange edges arranged on the box body through the screws and nuts, so that a sealed structure is formed inside the box body. When the underwater vehicle submerges, the flexible roof cover automatic caves inwards so that pre-filled silicone oil in the box body can be compressed to generate the internal pressure, the dynamic equilibrium of the internal pressure and the external pressure of the box body can be achieved instantly, and therefore the situation that the box body is damaged by crushing, and water enters the box body can be avoided. The pressure resisting novel polymer lithium battery pack has the advantages that the safety is high, the reliability is high, the cost is low, and the application method is flexible.

A turbine wheel on a horizontal axis is constructed on a network of cables radially and circumferentially connected and supported centrifugally by a ring with a friction-reduction method to permit turning within said ring. The ring structure is composed of buoyancy-controlled modules to allow construction of extremely large systems deployable in ocean depths. Electrical equipment can be variously attached for generation of power.

The invention as disclosed is a system for real time detection of tsunami waves. A tsunami is considered a “shallow water wave”, having a large wavelength compared to the ocean depth. A tsunami can have wavelengths ranging from 100 to 500 km, and amplitudes up to 60 cm (i.e., a pressure signal of up to 1 psi). At least one telecommunications grade optical fiber cable fitted with repeaters spanning the length of an ocean, a laser and a signal processor are used to measure pressure signals over spatial cells as small as 0.5 meters in width based on Rayleigh scattering effects and employing optical time delay reflectometry. The tsunami pressure signals are extracted from the pressure signals generated by wind-generated water waves (having much shorter wavelengths) through signal processing to distinguish between the substantial differences in wavelength, period and propagation speed.

The invention belongs to the technical field of hydraulics, and specifically discloses a buoyancy regulating system and method of a full-ocean-depth underwater glider. The buoyancy regulating system comprises an internal oil tank, an external oil bag, an oil-filling oil passage and an oil-draining oil passage, wherein the oil-filling oil passage and the oil-draining oil passage are arranged between the internal oil tank and the external oil bag; the oil-filling oil passage comprises a first hydraulic pump, a one-way valve, a three-position four-way electromagnetic directional control valve anda hydraulic pressure booster which are sequentially connected through an oil passage pipeline; the oil-draining oil passage comprises a second on-off valve and a second hydraulic pump connected through the oil passage pipeline; the second on-off valve is connected to the hydraulic pressure booster; and the second hydraulic pump is connected to the internal oil tank and used for draining the oil from the external oil bag into the internal oil tank through the hydraulic pressure booster, the second on-off valve and the second hydraulic pump in sequence. The buoyancy regulating system and methodof the full-ocean-depth underwater glider solve the problem that an existing buoyancy regulating device can not work under the condition of full sea depth, that the weight, size and power consumptionare relatively large, and that the working range is relatively small. The buoyancy regulating system and method of the full-ocean-depth underwater glider achieve the purpose of greatly increasing theoutput hydraulic oil pressure under the condition of slightly increasing the size.

Arrangement for a plankton net, for collecting plankton-containing water from arbitrary ocean depths. It has a net compartment 11, which can be lowered to a desired water depth and which has a closing member 17 that is arranged to enclose a collected amount of water. A sieving member 14 is attached to the net compartment for discharge of water. The arrangement includes a member 25, which is arranged to keep the inlet of the entrance of the net compartment (14) closed until the sampling is to be conducted.

Devices and methods for producing purified water. The device includes a reverse osmosis subsystem, a dehumidification subsystem and a purified water storage tank fluidly coupled to the subsystems such that purified water produced by each can be locally stored. A vehicular platform, such as a ship, can be used to locate the device adjacent a supply of saline water and humid air. A saline water inlet, membrane and purified water outlet cooperate in the reverse osmosis subsystem to allow preferential passage of water relative to salt in a saline water supply, while the dehumidification subsystem includes a heat exchanger that extracts moisture from the ambient humid air. Purified water produced by each of the subsystems can be used as a potable water source. When used in conjunction with a ship, part or all of the reverse osmosis subsystem can be submersed to a depth sufficient to generate a hydrostatic pressure that is in turn sufficient to passively operate the reverse osmosis membrane such that additional pressurizing equipment, such as a pump, is not needed. Furthermore, the temperature of the water purified by the reverse osmosis subsystem may be low enough to be used as a condensing agent for the ambient humid air passing through the dehumidification subsystem.

The invention relates to the technical field of all-sea-depth detection equipment and in particular to a full-ocean-depth compound probe vehicle and a method of using the same. The probe vehicle comprises a probe vehicle body and an accompanying robot between which a mechanical stopping component and an electromagnetic stopping component are arranged. The mechanical stopping component includes a falling positioning pin, a connecting block on the accompanying robot, and a connecting seat on the probe vehicle body. The falling positioning pin includes a positioning buckle and a spring-sleeved positioning spindle. The connecting block and the connecting seat are connected through the positioning spindle. The positioning spindle is stopped by the positioning buckle and compresses the spring. The positioning buckle is pulled by a pulling rope. The electromagnetic stopping component comprises a load rejection ballast iron, a stopping electromagnet on the probe vehicle body, and a load rejection electromagnet on the accompanying robot. The stopping electromagnet and the load rejection electromagnet are adsorbed to both sides of the load rejection ballast iron. The full-ocean-depth compound probe vehicle reduces the cost and improves the efficiency. The new full-ocean-depth probe mode having multiple functions also realizes the clustered scientific research operation in the true sense.

The invention relates to a pulse signal precise timing device based on a GPS module. The pulse signal precise timing device comprises a single chip microcomputer control module, the GPS module, an interface module and a power source module. The power source module converts a 220 V AC electric supply into a direct current needed by the single chip microcomputer control module. The GPS module receives GPS satellite positioning information, and outputs surveying vessel position data and 1PPS time reference signals. The interface module receives the positioning information supplied by the GPS module, the information which is originally the RS 232 level is converted into the TTL level and then transmitted to the single chip microcomputer control module, the 1PPS time reference signals of the GPS module and excitation pulse signals sent by a gun array controller are received and isolated in an optoelectronic mode to be transmitted to the single chip microcomputer control module, and a gun array excitation pulse timing result output by the single chip microcomputer control module is stored into an internal storage card and output from a standard serial port. According to the pulse signal precise timing device based on the GPS module, the timing precision is smaller than 0.01 ms, and the requirement of the ocean depth seismic exploration operation for precisely timing the gun array excitation time can be completely met.

The invention relates to a detection apparatus, system and method based on fiber communication. The system includes a detection apparatus based on fiber communication, a host computer and a computer. The detection apparatus is used for obtaining a pressure signal and a temperature signal, converting the pressure signal and the temperature signal into a first optical signal and a second optical signal respectively, and sending the optical signals to the host computer. The host computer converts the first optical signal and the second optical signal into a first electric signal and a second electric signal respectively, and sends the electric signals to the computer through a 485 bus module. The computer calculates ocean depth information according to the first electric signal, and calculates ocean temperature information according to the second electric signal. The system has the characteristic of high anti-interference capability, high transmission rate, long transmission distance and the like through utilization of fiber communication. Data collected by a data acquisition module in a deserted type probe is transmitted to the computer in real time. In this way, the problem that the probe descending time is needed to estimate the ocean depth is solved, and no restrictions are set on the descending speed and the issuing mode of a probe.

Devices and methods for producing purified water. The device includes a reverse osmosis subsystem, a dehumidification subsystem and a purified water storage tank fluidly coupled to the subsystems such that purified water produced by each can be locally stored. A vehicular platform, such as a ship, can be used to locate the device adjacent a supply of saline water and humid air. A saline water inlet, membrane and purified water outlet cooperate in the reverse osmosis subsystem to allow preferential passage of water relative to salt in a saline water supply, while the dehumidification subsystem includes a heat exchanger that extracts moisture from the ambient humid air. Purified water produced by each of the subsystems can be used as a potable water source. When used in conjunction with a ship, part or all of the reverse osmosis subsystem can be submersed to a depth sufficient to generate a hydrostatic pressure that is in turn sufficient to passively operate the reverse osmosis membrane such that additional pressurizing equipment, such as a pump, is not needed. Furthermore, the temperature of the water purified by the reverse osmosis subsystem may be low enough to be used as a condensing agent for the ambient humid air passing through the dehumidification subsystem.

The invention provides an underwater robot self-rescue device. The device comprises a water-pressure-resistant electronic bin, a control module arranged in the electronic bin, and a suspension releasemechanism mounted outside the electronic bin; the suspension release mechanism comprises a pair of attracting magnetic devices and a pair of repelling magnetic devices which are located in the electronic bin and penetrate through the wall of the electronic bin; the electromagnet is connected with a power supply of the control module; the two suction levers are hinged to the outside of the electronic bin; suction cups arranged at the non-hinged ends of the suction levers, the suction cups are opposite to the attracting magnetic devices in position; a fixed-depth self-rescue device is arrangedoutside the repelling magnetic devices, a bearing rod positioning block is fixed to the fixed-depth self-rescue device, one end of a bearing rod is fixed to the bearing rod positioning block, bearingrod clamping grooves are formed in the suction levers, and a self-locking stop pin is arranged outside the electronic bin. The underwater robot self-rescue device has the advantages that the load bearing capacity is high, the weight is light, the size is small, the installation is simple, the cost is low, the detection and the control are easy, the control precision is high, and the underwater robot self-rescue device can be applied and feasible to the predetermined ocean depth.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a deep sea glass buoyage. The preparation method comprises the following steps: a) selecting a glass composition suitable for the deep sea environment, dosing according to the formula and melting into high-temperature molten glass; b) pouring the molten glass into a preheated mould, pressing with a punch and rolling to obtain a half glass buoyage, and quickly transferring the rolled half glass buoyage into an annealing furnace for annealing treatment; and c) performing follow-up processing and polishing of the moulded half glass buoyage to obtain a complete product. In the preparation method disclosed by the invention, the composition and specification / dimension of the glass buoyage can be determined according to different requirements of the ocean environment, and the prepared glass buoyage can meet the needs for different ocean depths and environments. The whole production process is simple and convenient to operate, the production efficiency is high, and the method is suitable for large-scale industrial production.

The invention discloses a clamping device for an ore conveying pipe laying work in deep-sea mining. The clamping device comprises two valve sliding blocks. Each valve sliding block is provided with a spherical hinge support, a spherical hinge composed of two hemispheres, a hydraulic oil cylinder for opening and closing the corresponding valve sliding block in a drive manner, a mounting base, a valve base and a hydraulic type heave compensation device. The hydraulic oil cylinders, the mounting bases of the hydraulic oil cylinders, the valve sliding blocks, the spherical hinge supports and the spherical hinges are symmetrically arranged on the valve bases. The lower portions of the valve bases are connected with the hydraulic type heave compensation devices. Bases of the hydraulic type heave compensation devices sit on a working platform of a mother ship on the water surface. The clamping device has the functions of laying and recycling hard metal pipes and hoses for deep-sea mining and other engineering and can solve the bending moment and inertial force problems generated when pipes bear various resultant force at a certain ocean depth in the working process, and it can be guaranteed that the pipes work safely and reliably.