30 results about "Isotopes of hydrogen" patented technology

A method for processing a semiconductor fin structure is disclosed. The method includes thermal annealing a fin structure in an ambient containing an isotope of hydrogen. Following the thermal annealing step, the fin structure is etched in a crystal-orientation dependent, self-limiting, manner. The crystal-orientation dependent etch may be selected to be an aqueous solution containing ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH). The completed fin structure has smooth sidewalls and a uniform thickness profile. The fin structure sidewalls are {110} planes.

The invention relates to an online analysis method for sulfur isotope of hydrogen sulfide gas in natural gas. The method comprises the steps of collecting a natural gas sample; heating oxidation furnace of an elemental analyzer to 1,020 DEG C; heating a chromatographic column box to 50 DEG C; introducing reference gas into a stable isotope ratio mass spectrometer, adjusting center magnetic field of the peak with mass / charge ratio of 66, and storing the magnetic field value; connecting a steel cylinder filled with the natural gas sample with a sampling valve, placing in a ventilating hood, and switching on the ventilating hood; taking the natural gas sample with an airtight sample injector; injecting the natural gas sample into a sample inlet; introducing the natural gas sample into a high-temperature oxidation tube with carrier gas, to be oxidized into carbon dioxide, water and sulfur dioxide gas, carrying the mixed gas with carrier gas through a dewatering tube for water removal; separating the dewatered mixed gas with a gas chromatographic column, sequentially introducing into a stable isotope ratio mass spectrometer through a continuous flow interface, measuring sulfur isotope composition, and generating spectrogram.

The invention relates to an quantitative determination method of the isotope of hydrogen, hydrogen deuteride and hydrogen deuterium, which comprises using neon gas to be carrier gas, leading a gas chromatograph to adopt a double-strut double-temperature system, choosing 50 DEG C sampling temperature, sampling through an injector or a gas sampling valve, and the sampling quantity is 0.1-2.2mL, sample gas which is separated by a gas-chromatography column generates electrical signals through a detector, recording the pear areas of hydrogen, hydrogen deuteride and deuterium gas of chromatogram peaks through a chromatogram working station after the electrical signals are magnified through a front magnifier, adopting a volume correction factor normalization method or an external standard method to measure the content of hydrogen (H2), hydrogen deuteride (HD) and deuterium (D2), and getting detection results. The invention has the advantages of excellent separation effect of hydrogen isotope and high detection sensitivity, the detection of the pureness of deuterium gas can reach more than 99.99%, hydrogen deuteride (HD) and deuterium (D2) are sampled in big dosage, the peaks are not overlapped, thereby guaranteeing the quantitative detection of high-purity deuterium gas, and standard gas is not needed to be prepared in the process of detecting. The method simplifies the operation process, which is convenient for on-line detection of deuterium gas in the process of producing.

An apparatus and method for separating heavy isotopes of hydrogen from contaminated water. The apparatus includes a treatment chamber with an elongated hollow core fiber (HCF) extending within the chamber. A reservoir holds contaminated water mixed with beads formed of an exchange resin, the mixture of contaminated water and beads forming a flowable slurry. The slurry is continuously circulated through the hollow core fiber and the reservoir preferably by a pulsating peristaltic pump. The beads absorb a portion of the heavy isotopes from the slurry by exchange with waters of hydration of the beads while the hollow core fiber allows permeation of only light water from said slurry outwardly through the HCF wall as a permeate.

A carbon hydrogen structure (C: H) is one of the basic structures in the pharmaceutical chemistry structure and a formed C-H bond is the basic chemical bond. The invention discloses a preparation method and an application of deuterated drugs which can change the chemical bond energy and the hydrogen bond energy in the structure of pharmaceutical compound. The hydrogen atom (H) in pharmaceutical compound structure is substituted by the A deuterium atom (D) which is the isotope of hydrogen, therefore changing the molecular structure and the bond energy of the substituted pharmaceutical compound so as to form a new deuterated drug. The deuterated drugs can be used for pharmacokinetics research, can obviously enhance the disease-preventing or treating function of the drugs, and can reduce the toxic and side effect of the drugs.

The invention relates to an isotope based surface water pollution source analytical method, which comprises the steps of: 1) sampling: laying sampling points and conducting sampling according to industry standards; 2) isotope detection: taking isotopes of hydrogen, oxygen, carbon and nitrogen, namely D, <18>O, <13>C, and <15>N as the indexes; employing an isotope ratio mass spectrometer to detect the ratios of isotopes of hydrogen, oxygen, carbon and nitrogen, namely D, <18>O, <13>C, and <15>N in samples, and conducting comparison with international standard substances, and working out isotope ratios of the samples; and 3) data analysis: drawing a hydrogen and oxygen isotope ratio diagram according to the ratios of isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen, namely D and <18>O in source and convergence samples; selecting analysis nodes, calculating a pollution source contribution rate through a source convergence isotope ratio of the nodes, and determining a new pollution source by judging whether the source convergence isotope ratio of outflow nodes is balanced, and then making use of analysis of the isotopes of carbon and nitrogen, namely <13>C and <15>N to verify the accuracy of the result. The method provided by the invention has the advantages of improving the accuracy and efficiency.

The invention relates to a method and a device for concentrating and enriching stable isotopes 2H, 18O and 13C. The method comprises the steps of: by taking compounds respectively containing stable isotopes 2H, 18O and 13C as materials, carrying out purification treatment, adding to a heavy isotope concentration tower group formed by a plurality stages of gas-liquid mass transfer towers connected in series; continuously and partially vaporizing and partially condensing in the gas-liquid mass transfer towers connected in series by weak vapor pressure difference between light and heavy isotopes of hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon elements, and gradually concentrating and purifying corresponding heavy isotope. Each tower disclosed by the invention adopts different operation pressures and coupling utilization of heat between the towers; over 30-40% of energy consumption can be saved; a composite structure mass transfer component composed of a liquid collecting distributer, a Dixon mass transfer component, a corrugated mass transfer component and the like is adopted inside the tower; the device is easy to amplify; the device of producing heavy 2H, 18O or 13C isotope at a large scale just needs to be connected with 2-8 gas-liquid mass transfer towers in series; over 50% of investment is saved in comparison with the same scale of device, and the towers adopt a single tandem cascade technology; and the method is simple in flow and easy to control and operate.

The invention discloses a novel Tepotinib derivative and a preparation method thereof and an application of the derivative in an antitumor drug. According to the invention, a chiral structure is introduced in molecules, a hydrogen isotope deuterium is introduced in an easily metabolical part in the molecules, and atoms of sulfur, selenium and sulfoxide or groups are introduced in the molecules. The antineoplastic active experiments (having c-Met-expressed tumor cells) on a cell level proves that the compound has excellent antineoplastic activity, and the stability of the antineoplastic compound is obviously increased.

An electrochemical hydrogen isotope recycling apparatus for recycling an isotope of hydrogen includes an electrochemical recycling unit, the unit comprising: an anode; a cathode; and an isotope-treated, proton exchange membrane operatively disposed between the anode and cathode, the isotope-treated, proton exchange membrane having heavy water containing the isotope of hydrogen therein, the device configured to receive a feedstream containing the isotope of hydrogen. A process by which high purity hydrogen isotope products are produced using an electrochemical membrane process in which all conventional water containing components are pre-processed using a heavy water containing the isotope of hydrogen.

An electrochemical hydrogen isotope recycling apparatus for recycling an isotope of hydrogen includes an electrochemical recycling unit, the unit comprising: an anode; a cathode; and an isotope-treated, proton exchange membrane operatively disposed between the anode and cathode, the isotope-treated, proton exchange membrane having heavy water containing the isotope of hydrogen therein, the device configured to receive a feedstream containing the isotope of hydrogen. A process by which high purity hydrogen isotope products are produced using an electrochemical membrane process in which all conventional water containing components are pre-processed using a heavy water containing the isotope of hydrogen.An industrial apparatus 10 and / or method, such as an electrochemical hydrogen isotope recycling apparatus and / or method, includes an apparatus 49 and / or process by which gaseous D2 is recovered in a reactor 3 from a gas stream via a reaction in the reactor with another molecule to form a useful chemical compound containing D.

The invention relates to a process and to an apparatus for providing a gaseous substance for the analysis of chemical elements or compounds. In one embodiment, a starting substance is continuously admixed with a reagent substance. This results in a gaseous reaction product which contains information about the elements of the starting substance, and a residual substance. The gaseous reaction product is separated from the residual substance and removed for analysis. One application is the isotopic analysis of oxygen or hydrogen from water.

An electrochemical device is described which consists of two electrolyte chambers separated by a common electronically conducting cathode, such as a metal foil. On one side of the common cathode is a non-aqueous electrolyte which does not react with lithium metal and from which lithium metal may be plated. On the other side of the common cathode is an aqueous electrolyte from which isotopes of hydrogen may be electrochemically reduced on the common cathode. The cathode is impervious to either electrolyte. The anode on the non-aqueous side contains lithium metal, and on the aqueous side, the anode is an electronically conductive material which will not react with the electrolyte during the electrochemical release of oxygen. The purpose of the common cathode is to bring elemental lithium and elemental hydrogen together by diffusion within a metallic matrix, free of either electrolyte. Additionally, a non-electrochemical device is described which allows isotopes of lithium and hydrogen to interact within an alloy capable of absorbing both elements in a condensed phase.

The invention discloses a method for separating a hydrogen isotope mixed gas, which comprises the following steps in sequence: using a positive pressure inert gas to press a transition metal salt solution from one end of a porous layer open-tube chromatographic column; After the other end of the column flows out, the inert gas is purged the porous layer open-tube chromatographic column at room temperature for 12 hours; the porous layer open-tube chromatographic column is put into the chromatographic oven, heated and dehydrated, and cooled to obtain the required porous layer open-tube chromatographic column. The above-mentioned porous layer open-tube chromatographic column is placed in a liquid nitrogen Dewar, neon gas is used as a carrier gas, and the hydrogen isotope mixture gas passes through the porous layer open-tube chromatographic column to realize the separation of hydrogen isotopes. The separation method of the invention has the characteristics of simple method, good separation effect, short separation time and the like.

The invention discloses the application of ultra-microporous metal-organic framework materials in isotope separation of hydrogen. The ultra-micro porous metal-organic framework material is SIFSIX-3-Zn, used for the effective separation of hydrogen isotopes at low temperature, and the chemical formula of the SIFSIX-3-Zn is Zn (pyr) 2(SiF6). Application of the ultra-microporous metal-organic framework material in the isotope separation of hydrogen enables the separation and purification of D2, H2 in the hydrogen isotope, and the preparation method of the ultra-microporous metal-organic frameworkmaterial is simple. The material can be synthesized in large volumes, and has the advantages of cheap raw materials and low price, and can be widely applied to the industrial hydrogen isotope separation.

The invention discloses a method for forming a self-alignment metal silicide. The two times of annealing technologies are adopted, hydrogen isotope gas is introduced in the first time of annealing technology, the hydrogen isotope gas is used for reacting with trace oxygen in the atmosphere to eliminate the oxygen, metal layers such as Ni are prevented from being oxidized, and therefore surface defects (such as a pyramid shape) of the metal silicide are reduced or avoided, and the metal silicide with a flat appearance and good uniformity is formed; isotope atoms in the introduced hydrogen isotope gas can enter the interface of the metal silicide and a silicon substrate and are combined with Si to form a new key which can be hardly fractured, and therefore the defects at the interface are overcome and reduced, and the interface state (Dit) is improved.

An exothermic fusion reactor is described that uses metal-oxygen transmutation. The process comprises a negatively-charged environment; a moderator comprising at least one noble gas; a metal, including isotopes of hydrogen; and a facilitator comprising at least one element selected from the group consisting of oxygen, carbon, nitrogen, fluorine, phosphorus, sulfur, chlorine, selenium, bromine, iodine, or combinations thereof.

The invention discloses a method for forming self-aligned metal silicide. The method has the advantages that double-step annealing processes are implemented, isotope gas of hydrogen is introduced in the second annealing process, the isotope gas of the hydrogen and trace oxygen in atmosphere react with each other, accordingly, the oxygen can be eliminated, the metal silicide can be prevented from being oxidized, surface defects (such as pyramid shapes) of the metal silicide can be reduced or prevented, and the metal silicide which has flat morphology and is excellent in uniformity can be formed; isotope atoms in the introduced isotope gas of the hydrogen can enter interfaces of the metal silicide and a silicon substrate and can be combined with Si to form new keys which are difficult to break, accordingly, defects at the interfaces can be repaired and reduced, and interface states (Dit) can be improved.

The invention relates to a method and a device for concentrating and enriching stable isotopes 2H, 18O and 13C. The method comprises the steps of: by taking compounds respectively containing stable isotopes 2H, 18O and 13C as materials, carrying out purification treatment, adding to a heavy isotope concentration tower group formed by a plurality stages of gas-liquid mass transfer towers connected in series; continuously and partially vaporizing and partially condensing in the gas-liquid mass transfer towers connected in series by weak vapor pressure difference between light and heavy isotopes of hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon elements, and gradually concentrating and purifying corresponding heavy isotope. Each tower disclosed by the invention adopts different operation pressures and coupling utilization of heat between the towers; over 30-40% of energy consumption can be saved; a composite structure mass transfer component composed of a liquid collecting distributer, a Dixon mass transfer component, a corrugated mass transfer component and the like is adopted inside the tower; the device is easy to amplify; the device of producing heavy 2H, 18O or 13C isotope at a large scale just needs to be connected with 2-8 gas-liquid mass transfer towers in series; over 50% of investment is saved in comparison with the same scale of device, and the towers adopt a single tandem cascade technology; and the method is simple in flow and easy to control and operate.

The invention relates to the technical field of fuel elements, and particularly discloses a gas absorbing device for a fuel element. The gas absorbing device for the fuel element comprises a fuel element coating material adopting a cylindrical case structure as well as a gas absorbing structure which is fixed in the fuel element coating material and can absorb hydrogen and isotopes of hydrogen, wherein the gas absorbing structure is located at the upper or lower part of a fuel pellet zone of the whole fuel element. With the adoption of the gas absorbing device for the fuel element, the content of gases such as the hydrogen, the isotopes of the hydrogen and the like in the fuel element can be decreased, risks of hydrogenation and damage to the cladding of the fuel element are reduced, emission of the isotopes of the hydrogen and pollution are reduced, and meanwhile, adverse effects on the performance of the fuel element can be avoided.

The invention relates to an online analysis method for hydrogen sulfide gas sulfur isotope in natural gas. The method includes the following steps: collecting natural gas samples; heating the oxidation furnace of the element analyzer to 1020°C; raising the temperature of the chromatographic column box to 50°C; introducing the reference gas into the stable isotope ratio mass spectrometer, and adjusting the mass-to-charge ratio to 66 The magnetic field at the center of the peak, and save the magnetic field value; connect the cylinder containing the natural gas sample to the sampling valve and put it into the fume hood, turn on the power of the fume hood; take the natural gas sample with an air-tight sampling needle; inject the natural gas sample into the In the sample port; the natural gas sample flows into the high-temperature oxidation tube with the carrier gas, and is oxidized into CO2, H2O, SO2 gas, and the mixed gas is carried by the carrier gas and flows through the dehydration tube to remove moisture; the mixed gas after removing moisture flows through the gas phase After the chromatographic column is separated, it enters the stable isotope ratio mass spectrometer through the continuous flow interface to measure the sulfur isotope composition and generate a spectrum to obtain the measurement result.

In an aspect, an electrochemical hydrogen isotope recycling apparatus for recycling a feedstream comprising a single isotope of hydrogen, comprising: an electrochemical recycling unit, the unit comprising an anode; a cathode; an isotope-treated, cation exchange membrane operatively disposed between the anode and cathode, the isotope-treated, cation exchange membrane having heavy water containing the isotope of hydrogen therein, the unit configured to receive the feedstream containing the single isotope of hydrogen; wherein the single isotope is deuterium or tritium and when the single isotope is deuterium, the heavy water comprises D2O and when the single isotope is tritium, the heavy water is T2O.

The invention relates to a high-performance low-cost titanium-based hydrogen storage alloy improved by scandium vanadium iron and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of hydrogen storage alloy. The general formula of the titanium-based hydrogen storage alloy improved by the vanadium iron is Ti0.95Sc0.05 (Mn0.7-xCr0.3Mx) 2, wherein M=FeV50 or FeV80, and x is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 0.7. The reversible hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage alloy is higher than that of a Ti1-xZrxMnCr series alloy and that of a Ti1-xScxMnCr series alloy; and the cost of the hydrogen storage alloy is lower than that of the two series alloys. The hydrogen storage alloy can be applied to separation of hydrogen, separation and storage of isotopes of hydrogen, catalysts and nickel-hydrogen batteries.

A lattice energy converter (LEC) is disclosed that produces ionizing radiation and / or electricity based on the thermal energy in the lattice of a specially prepared working electrode comprised in whole or in part of hydrogen host materials that are occluded with hydrogen or the isotopes of hydrogen and wherein the hydrogen host materials may include vacancies, superabundant vacancies, and other lattice defects. When the hydrogen host material is occluded with hydrogen, the LEC was found to self-initiate the production of ionizing radiation and, when the hydrogen host materials are in fluidic contact with a gas or vapor containing hydrogen or isotopes of hydrogen, the LEC was found to self-sustain the production of ionizing radiation. When the LEC includes one or more additional electrodes or electrode structures, the ionizing radiation was found to be converted to electrical energy. Materials that are normally considered to be radioactive are not required.

The invention relates to the use of a reactor, methods, and devices for the quantitative recovery of molecular hydrogen from solid, liquid, or gaseous substances which contain hydrogen and which have heteroatoms, as well as to reactors. In this case, the reactors have material containing chromium. The subject matter of the invention also includes the use of the reactor, the method, and the device for the compound-specific or component-specific measurement of the isotope ratio (δ2H) of hydrogen using online apparatuses.

An exothermic fusion reactor is described that uses metal-oxygen transmutation. The process comprises a negatively-charged environment; a moderator comprising at least one noble gas; a metal, including isotopes of hydrogen; and a facilitator comprising at least one element selected from the group consisting of oxygen, carbon, nitrogen, fluorine, phosphorus, sulfur, chlorine, selenium, bromine, iodine, or combinations thereof.