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The present invention is directed to an image decoding apparatus adapted for decoding information obtained by implementing inverse quantization and inverse orthogonal transform to image compressed information in which an input image signal is blocked to implement orthogonal transform thereto on the block basis so that quantization is performed with respect thereto, which comprises a reversible decoder (12) for decoding quantized and encoded transform coefficients, an inverse quantizer (13) indicating, as a flag, in inverse-quantizing transform coefficients which have been decoded by the reversible decoder (12), existence of each transform coefficient every processing block of inverse quantization, and an inverse transform element (14) for changing inverse transform processing to be implemented to inverse quantization transform coefficients within processing block by using the flag which has been indicated by the inverse-quantizer (13).

An apparatus is provided for suppressing an echo signal included in a measured signal corresponding to a measured sound. In the apparatus, the measured signal and a reference signal in a time domain are transformed into a frequency domain, and calculated for obtaining each value of a ratio and a correlation between the measured signal and the reference signal in the frequency domain. With executing a comparison of the values of the ratio and the correlation, a coefficient is derived, where a product of the coefficient and the measured sound in the frequency domain gives an estimated value of the echo signal. The echo in the measured signal is suppressed with subtracting the estimation of the echo signal from the measured signal, respectively in the frequency domain.

The present invention relates to the field of photovoltaic systems with solar cell (s) or modules having insolation differences or mismatch. Each solar module is formed by placing a large number of solar cells in series. The PV system is then formed by placing a number of solar modules in series in a string and sometimes by placing multiple strings of series-connected solar modules in parallel, depending on the desired output voltage and power range of the PV system. In practical cases, differences will exist between output powers of the solar cells in the various modules, e.g. due to (part of) the modules being temporarily shaded, pollution on one or more solar cells, or even spread in solar-cell behaviour that may become worse during aging. Due to the current-source-type behaviour of solar cells and their series connection these differences will lead to a relatively large drop in output power coming from the PV system. This invention addresses this problem by adding DC-DC converters (803) on a single or multiple solar-cell level that source or sink difference currents thereby increasing the output power of the complete PV system. In embodiments, the efficiency of photovoltaic systems with solar cell (s) or modules is improved by compensating for output-power loss caused by insolation difference and mismatch.

The present invention is directed to an image decoding apparatus adapted for decoding information obtained by implementing inverse quantization and inverse orthogonal transform to image compressed information in which an input image signal is blocked to implement orthogonal transform thereto on the block basis so that quantization is performed with respect thereto, which comprises a reversible decoder (12) for decoding quantized and encoded transform coefficients, an inverse quantizer (13) indicating, as a flag, in inverse-quantizing transform coefficients which have been decoded by the reversible decoder (12), existence of each transform coefficient every processing block of inverse quantization, and an inverse transform element (14) for changing inverse transform processing to be implemented to inverse quantization transform coefficients within processing block by using the flag which has been indicated by the inverse-quantizer (13).

A character recognizing apparatus has a post-processing unit which makes character strings including a plurality of conversion candidates, respectively, made by a character recognizing unit, and a full text searching unit performs a full text search for the character strings in a plurality of documents having been converted into text data, whereby the post-processing unit determines a correct character on the basis of results of the search to correct misrecognition.

A method for forming a stamper used in the manufacture of CDs, DVDs, and other types of optical disks comprises forming a substrate by rolling. A layer of material is deposited (e.g. by plating) onto the substrate. Thereafter, a resist layer is formed on the layer of material and patterned. Because the substrate is formed by rolling, it is relatively inexpensive to form the substrate to a desired thickness. Because the layer of material is formed by deposition (e.g. plating), it is relatively inexpensive to ensure that the layer has a very smooth surface (i.e. without necessitating a great deal of polishing).

A method for forming a stamper used in the manufacture of CDs, DVDs, and other types of optical disks comprises forming a substrate by rolling. A layer of material is deposited (e.g. by plating) onto the substrate. Thereafter, a resist layer is formed on the layer of material and patterned. Because the substrate is formed by rolling, it is relatively inexpensive to form the substrate to a desired thickness. Because the layer of material is formed by deposition (e.g. plating), it is relatively inexpensive to ensure that the layer has a very smooth surface (i.e. without necessitating a great deal of polishing).

A flow rate control apparatus includes a base section, wherein the base section is composed of a plurality of stacked metal plates. The flow rate control apparatus further includes a pressure control section, which regulates pressure of a pressure fluid (gas) that flows through a first passage in the base section, a pressure sensor that detects pressure of the pressure fluid flowing through a second passage, and a flow passage-switching section, including first to third orifices, for throttling the fluid pressure-regulated by the pressure control section so as to have a predetermined flow rate, and which has first to third ON / OFF valves for switching fourth to sixth passages for respectively directing the pressure fluid toward a pressure fluid output port.

When requested by an application, a library unit provides a resource to the application, acquires an ID for identifying the application which has requested the resource, and stores a combination of a resource name of the provided resource and the application ID in a table. When an application is completed, the library unit receives an application ID of the completed application, detects a resource name corresponding to the received application ID in the table, and collects a resource specified by the resource name.

Three-dimensional map data of drawing objects in respective division areas and distant view images in respective directions on map data, which are obtained when viewing is made from insides of the respective division areas, are held in a recording medium, three-dimensional map data of a drawing object for a near view positioned in a sight line direction at a point of interest is retrieved from the three-dimensional map data based on position information of the point of interest and sight line direction information, and is converted into a map image based on a perspective drawing method. A distant view image obtained in the sight line direction is retrieved from the distant view images held in the recording medium based on the position information of the point of interest and the sight line direction information, and the retrieved distant view image is overwritten with the map image for the near view to combine them.

A suck back valve includes an ON / OFF valve mechanism which opens / closes a fluid passage by displacing a valve member together with a first piston under an action of a pressure fluid supplied into a first cylinder chamber, and a suck back mechanism which has a suction member formed deformably in a flow chamber to suck a pressure fluid contained in the fluid passage by displacing the suction member together with a second piston under an action of the pressure fluid supplied to a second cylinder chamber. The ON / OFF valve mechanism and the suck back mechanism are assembled coaxially and integrally.

An audio / video information recording and reproducing apparatus and method are provided, in which a post-recording function can be realized on an optical disc easily even with an inexpensive disc drive having a seek time at a relative low speed. In the case of recording a video file, the video file is recorded on an optical disc continuously for a period of time related to three times or more the seek time. Then, in the case of recording an audio for lip-sync, the audio for lip-sync is recorded continuously by a predetermined data size, and simultaneously, the recorded video file is reproduced, whereby real-time continuous reproduction and recording are performed simultaneously. Because of this, in the case of reproducing the audio for lip-sync, simultaneous reproduction of a video file and an audio file can be assured.

A reference image and features of the reference image are stored in a hash table in such a manner that the reference image and the features are related to each other. A storage region of the hash table is divided into a plurality of divided regions, and each divided region is related to a storage condition under which a reference image is stored in the divided region. When a reference image is stored in the hash table, a storage region where the reference image is to be stored is selected out of the plurality of divided regions in accordance with the storage condition. This allows shortening a time for updating a reference image, and reducing a workload on means for updating the reference image.

The present invention provides a gas-insulated electric apparatus which includes: a vertically-arranged gas insulation main tank; a first gas insulation branch pipe connected to and making right angle with the gas insulation main tank; a second gas insulation branch pipe connected to and making right angle with the gas insulation main tank; a breaker manipulator which is arranged on an upper side of the main tank, a feeder-side current transformer which is incorporated in the first gas insulation branch pipe; a voltage transformer arranged on the first gas insulation branch pipe; and an arrestor arranged on the first gas insulation branch pipe and connected with the feeder.

An apparatus and method for handover in a mobile communication system enables a Mobile Station (MS) to perform a normal handover without performing an unnecessary handover. A Base Station (BS) apparatus capable of preventing an unnecessary handover includes a handover manager. The handover manager receives handover information, including information about at least one cell through which an MS has passed, from a neighbor cell to determine whether the MS has performed an unnecessary handover. If it is determined that the MS has performed an unnecessary handover, the handover manager notifies the occurrence of the unnecessary handover by the MS to the neighbor cell.

A laminated glass may be obtained by integrally bonding glass sheets through an adhesive, the adhesive comprising a hydrogenated block copolymer obtained by introducing an alkoxysilyl group into a hydrogenated block copolymer that is obtained by hydrogenating unsaturated bonds of a block copolymer that comprises at least two polymer blocks and at least one polymer block, the polymer block comprising a repeating unit derived from an aromatic vinyl compound as a main component, the polymer block comprising a repeating unit derived from a linear conjugated diene compound as a main component, and a ratio (wA:wB) of a weight fraction wA of the polymer block in the block copolymer to a weight fraction wB of the polymer block in the block copolymer being 30:70 to 60:40. The laminated glass may employ a block copolymer hydrogenation product comprising an alkoxysilyl group and excellent light-fastness, heat resistance, moisture resistance and transparency.

When a transmission device transmits a broadcast service signal using a radio signal, the transmission device determines whether there is a moving body that is moving at high speed toward or away from the transmission device, and calculates the amount of Doppler shift of a radio frequency due to high speed movement based on the movement speed of the moving body when there is such a high-speed moving body. Moreover, the transmission device shifts the frequency of the radio signal for transmitting the broadcast service signal by the Doppler shift amount in the opposite direction of Doppler shift direction. By doing so, it is possible for a moving terminal to receive the broadcast service signal from the original radio frequency regardless of Doppler shifting.

An optical image measuring apparatus forming an image expressing functional information on a living tissue. The optical image measuring apparatus includes a light emitting portion (2) outputting light (B1 and B2(B)) having different wavelengths intensity-modulating the light periodically, a polarizing plate (3) converting a light (B) to linearly polarized light, a half mirror (6) dividing the light (B) into signal light (S) and reference light (R), a wavelength plate (7) converting a polarization characteristic of the reference light (R), a frequency shifter (8) shifting a frequency of the reference light (R), the half mirror (6) superimposing the signal light (S) and the reference light (R) on each other to produce interference light (L), a polarization beam splitter (11) extracting a polarized light from the interference light (L), CCDs (21 and 22) detecting the extracted polarized interference light (L), and a signal processing portion (20) forming an image of an object to be measured (O) based on the polarized interference light (L) related to each of the light (B1 and B2), detected by the CCDs (21 and 22).

The invention intends to achieve new additions of terminals that use a wireless LAN with a simple process, while preventing leakage of data indicating cipher keys. The access point is notified of the cipher systems adaptable to the terminals. The access point narrows the cipher systems adaptable to itself, sets the cipher keys and notifies them, and also determines the station IDs for the cipher keys each. Thereafter, when the access point modifies the cipher systems based on the security policy, the access point adopts the station IDs corresponding to the cipher systems each. Therefore, the terminals specify the cipher systems based on the station IDs, and perform wireless communications by using the cipher keys notified in advance.

The lead-out side end of a drain wire (11) led out from a shield wire (10) and either a conductor exposed to one end of a ground wire (50), to the other end of which a ground terminal (51) is connected, or a conductor exposed to one end of a ground wire (53), to the other end of which a connector receiving terminal (56) is connected, are collectively connected together by crimping by using a U-shape cross-sectioned intermediate crimp terminal (40) formed by a pair of opposed barrels (40b), or connected by twisting them together, or connected through a joint bus bar.

A suck back valve includes an ON / OFF valve mechanism which opens / closes a fluid passage by displacing a valve member together with a first piston under an action of a pressure fluid supplied into a first cylinder chamber, and a suck back mechanism which has a suction member formed deformably in a flow chamber to suck a pressure fluid contained in the fluid passage by displacing the suction member together with a second piston under an action of the pressure fluid supplied to a second cylinder chamber. The ON / OFF valve mechanism and the suck back mechanism are assembled coaxially and integrally.

In a communication semiconductor integrated circuit, a capacitance included in a filter on the output side of a mixer circuit is reduced without requiring the cutoff frequency of the filter to be changed. A Gilbert cell circuit is used as a mixer circuit which combines, for downconversion, a reception signal and a local oscillator signal. A low-pass filter for removing unwanted waves from output is composed of load resistors of upper stage differential transistors and a capacitive element provided between differential output terminals. The resistances of the load resistors are increased, and a current circuit for applying a current to emitters or collectors of the upper stage differential transistors is provided, so that a current to make up for a decrease in current amount attributable to the increase in load resistance can be applied from the current circuit to lower stage differential transistors.

A nanowire according to the present invention includes: a nanowire body made of a first material; and a plurality of semiconductor particle made of a second material and being contained in at least a portion of the interior of the nanowire body.

A method and an apparatus for detecting an abnormal situation are disclosed. The method includes recognizing whether a detection target exists in a captured image; generating, based on the captured image, a three-dimensional point cloud of the detection target in the captured image, when the detection target exists; obtaining, based on the generated three-dimensional point cloud, one or more current posture features of the detection target; and determining, based on the current posture features and one or more predetermined posture feature standards, whether the abnormal situation exists, the posture feature standards being previously determined based on one or more common features when the detection target performs a plurality of abnormal actions.

A tissue closing device includes an elongate arrangement device of which a distal end portion can penetrate an opening penetrating an living tissue membrane and which has a handling portion on the proximal side, and a clip which is detachably retained at a distal end portion of the arrangement device and which closes the opening. The arrangement device includes a retaining member for detachably retaining the clip and pulling the clip in the proximal direction, a cover tube, and a fixed tube. The handling portion has a first elastic member. When a restriction for maintaining the coil spring in a deformed state is canceled, the thread is moved to the proximal direction by the restoring force of the coil spring in the condition where the clip is locked to a distal end portion of the fixed tube, and the clip is pulled in the axial direction by the thread, whereby a deformation portion is deformed.

A multifunction printer includes a scanner; a memory which stores a plurality of still image data; a printing head which prints, on a first printing medium, thumbnail images corresponding to the plurality of the still image data; an image data-extracting section which extracts a base image data and a correction image data when the first printing medium is read by the scanner after the predetermined base image selection mark has been marked by a user to one of the plurality of thumbnail images printed on the first printing medium and the predetermined correction position mark has been marked to a partial area of the thumbnail image and which cuts out, from the correction image data, correction data corresponding to the area marked with the correction position mark, and an image-combining section which combines the base image data with the correction data to generate combined image data.

An image of an inspection object pattern formed on a photomask is acquired, which is to be transformed into inspection object pattern data as input data of light intensity distribution simulation for finding light intensity distribution in which optical conditions of an exposure system used in pattern transfer are reflected. The light intensity distribution simulation is performed using the inspection object pattern data, and a difference between light intensity distribution of the inspection object pattern obtained by the light intensity distribution simulation and reference light intensity distribution is found. Inverse light intensity distribution simulation having reversibility to the light intensity distribution simulation is performed using the difference, to obtain difference pattern data determining a defect in the inspection object pattern. Consequently, the presence / absence of the defect in the inspection object pattern can be determined highly accurately and defect location in the inspection object pattern can be identified easily and certainly.

A method for rapidly performing laser irradiation in a desired position as laser irradiation patterns are switched is proposed. A laser beam emitted from a laser oscillator is entered into a deflector, and a laser beam which has passed through the deflector is entered into a diffractive optical element to be diverged into a plurality of laser beams. Then, a photoresist formed over an insulating film is irradiated with the laser beam which is made to diverge into the plurality of laser beams, and the photoresist irradiated with the laser beam is developed so as to selectively etch the insulating film.

The lead-out side end of a drain wire led out from a shield wire and either a conductor exposed to one end of a ground wire, to the other end of which a ground terminal is connected, or a conductor exposed to one end of a ground wire, to the other end of which a connector receiving terminal is connected, are collectively connected together by crimping by using a U-shape cross-sectioned intermediate crimp terminal formed by a pair of opposed barrels, or connected by twisting them together, or connected through a joint bus bar.

The present invention provides an interlayer for a laminated glass, which contains a polyvinyl acetal resin, and can be easily bonded to a glass sheet to form a highly transparent laminated glass. And the present invention provides a laminated glass using the interlayer.The interlayer for a laminated glass contains 100 phr of a polyvinyl acetal resin and 42 to 60 phr of a plasticizer, wherein the plasticizer is unsaturated fatty acid alkyl ester having 16 to 20 carbon atoms.