The invention relates to a preparation method for nitrogen-doped ordered mesoporous carbon / carbon fiber composite material, and belongs to the technical field of mesoporous carbon-based carbon fiber composite material preparation. The preparation method mainly comprises the step that triblock copolymers serve as a structure-directing agent, phenolic resin prepolymers serve as a carbon source, ethyl orthosilicate serves as a silicon source, ethyl alcohol serves as a solvent, silk fibers serve as a nitrogen source and a substrate, the silicon dioxide component is removed through soaking, solvent evaporation induced self-assembly, crosslinking, high-temperature calcinations and etching, and finally the nitrogen-doped ordered mesoporous carbon / carbon fiber composite material with a high specific surface (230m<2> / g) is obtained. The preparation method has the advantages that the preparation process is simple, cost is low, and mass production is facilitated. The obtained carbon material can be used for double electric layer capacitors; at the scanning speed of 5mV / s, specific capacitance is 190F / g, and 90-percent capacitance is left over after 1,000 times of circulation.