The invention discloses a control system for power supply guaranteeing and power-fare optimization of a communication base station and a method. The control system comprises a new-energy power supplyunit, a rectifier module, an energy storage unit, a base station load, a direct-current load, a bidirectional watt hour meter, an air conditioner, an intelligent power distribution unit, a central control unit and a direct-current bus; the energy storage effect of the energy storage unit is used in cooperation with electrovalence sections of different time periods, power energy generated by the new-energy power supply unit is subjected to time shifting, the air conditioner serves as a shifting load and is controlled, power is supplied only through city power in the electrovalence low-ebb timeperiod, the generated power energy is fed back to a power network when being over than the load requirement, and the power fare and the operating cost of the communication base station are saved. According to the control system for power supply guaranteeing and power-fare optimization of the communication base station and the method, from the points of saving energy, improving efficiency and reducing the enterprise operation cost of the mobile communication base station with the innovative technology, according to the specific condition of the comprehensive cost actually occurring in the operation maintenance process of the base station, and through roof resources of an existing iron-tower base station, a power supply project combined with the communication base station and new energy anda control method are provided so that the operating maintenance cost of the communication base station can be reduced, the comprehensive income can be improved, and low-cost and stable operating of the communication base station can be better guaranteed.