31results about How to "Reduced boundary layer thickness" patented technology

A diverterless hypersonic inlet (DHI) for a high speed, air-breathing propulsion system reduces the ingested boundary layer flow, drag, and weight, and maintains a high capture area for hypersonic applications. The design enables high vehicle fineness ratios, low-observable features, and enhances ramjet operability limits. The DHI is optimized for a particular design flight Mach number. A forebody segment generates and focuses a system of multiple upstream shock waves at desired strengths and angles to facilitate required inlet and engine airflow conditions. The forebody contour diverts boundary layer flow to the inlet sides, effectively reducing the thickness of the boundary layer that is ingested by the inlet, while maintaining the capture area required by the hypersonic propulsion system. The cowl assembly is shaped to integrate with the forebody shock system and the thinned boundary layer region.

Non-contact method and apparatus for Drying, Conditioning, Shaping and Manipulating of sheet fed Media. These functions are performed either on one side, or simultaneously or delayed one from the other on both sides, of the Media. For Drying, the energy applied is minimized to that necessary to supply latent heat of vaporization permitting use in, for example, low cost printers. No friction is introduced in the transport path enabling high speed, reliable Media transport. A region is established between Media and Platen wherein heat, support, and chemical or other processing may occur in a controlled way. Relatively few, inexpensive, and small parts are needed lowering the cost, energy, and space requirements for performing the various functions allowing for new applications in many fields. Media is supported a specific distance from a Platen by a balance of Fluid forces. The Media and the Platen bound a region in which forced convection greatly enhances process rates otherwise be limited by diffusion. The method and apparatus described is particularly suitable for high speed, low cost, inkjet printing.

The invention relates to an air curtain design method for sealing a transmission channel in laser, which comprises the following steps: (1) determining the dimensions of a plane jet forming section according to the diameter of the transmission channel in the laser, wherein the dimensions mainly refer to the thickness and width of a plane jet; (2) after determining the dimensions of the plane jet forming section, determining the side length and height of the upper and lower surfaces of a pyramid; (3) in order to guarantee the uniformity of the air velocity, placing a flow deflector in the pyramid; (4) setting the length, width and height of an air curtain guide section and the connecting position of the transmission channel in the laser; (5) in order to decrease the thickness of boundary layers in different gas mixing regions and reduce the optical path difference because of gas density fluctuation, arranging a windshield cover at one side on which the air curtain guide section is connected with the outside; and (6) placing a hollow windshield plate in the transmission channel in the laser, wherein the position of the hollow windshield plate can be set according to the width of a turbulence mixing region. The air curtain design method provided by the invention can maintain the single uniform gas with a low absorption coefficient in the transmission channel in the laser, avoids the introduction of the larger optical path difference and has the characteristics of high laser transmissivity and high temperature resistance.

A structure for reducing the drag of a ship and its application thereof is provided. The structure for reducing the drag of a ship includes at least one turbulence generating structure which is installed on the side surface between the widest section and the aft end or on the bottom surface between the deepest portion and the aft end of the ship. The arrangement of the turbulence generating structure can generate turbulence to reduce the drag of the ship, and thereby increase the speed of the ship and / or reduce the ship's fuel consumption.

The invention relates to a method for photochemically synthesizing vitamin D2 and D3 in a tubular reactor. The method is characterized in that the vitamin D2 and D3 are synthesized by ultraviolet light of different bands, the residence time of reaction liquid fed at different times in the tubular reactor is controlled to be the same by not dissolving with reaction liquid, not participating in reaction liquid separation and carrying ergosterol and 7-dehydrocholesterol reaction liquid and enhancing internal disturbance of the reaction liquid; the method has the advantages of continuous, stable and high efficiency of solar energy utilization, the operation is simple, and the process is controllable; the method has great prospect in the industrial production of the photochemically synthesizedvitamin D2 and D3.

The invention provides a permeation device (2) comprising a receiving vessel (6) having an aperture adapted for receiving an insert well (4). Both the vessel (6) and well (4) are used as either donor or acceptor compartments for permeability assays. The vessel (6) or well (4) comprises a porous suppor (8)t, which may comprise biological or biomimetic materials, adapted for a molecular entity to permeate therethrough. In one embodiment, a stirring member (24) disposed in the vessel (6) can provide solution agitation to reduce aqueous boundary layer thickness adjacent to the support (8). Boundary layer thicknesses can be reduced by a device (2) of the invention to less than about 15 um such that a molecular entity permeating the support closely approximates in vivo absorption and transport conditions.

A structure for reducing the drag of a ship and its application thereof is provided. The structure for reducing the drag of a ship includes at least one turbulence generating structure which is installed on the side surface between the widest section and the aft end or on the bottom surface between the deepest portion and the aft end of the ship. The arrangement of the turbulence generating structure can generate turbulence to reduce the drag of the ship, and thereby increase the speed of the ship and / or reduce the ship's fuel consumption.