The invention discloses an intake and exhaust system of a turbine engine. The intake and exhaust system of the turbine engine comprises an intake system and an exhaust system, wherein the intake system is connected with an intake port of the turbine engine, the exhaust system is connected with an exhaust port of the turbine engine, the intake system comprises an intake filter and an intake pipeline, the intake filter is connected with the intake pipeline, the intake filter adopts a V-shaped structure, and a rain shielding cap is arranged at the exhaust tail end of the exhaust system. The intake and exhaust system of the turbine engine has the beneficial effects that the air inlet area is large, the air inlet flow speed is lower, the service life of an air filter is long, the rain shieldingcap additionally arranged at the exhaust port avoids the rainwater deposition in an exhaust silencer, the condition that rainwater possibly flows backwards is avoided and damages the turbine engine,and an opening of the rain shielding cap is away from the intake port, so that exhausted waste gas is prevented from being sucked by the intake port, and the quality of inlet air is ensured.