The present invention relates to a novel rapid mechanical-type high-
voltage direct current breaker. The breaker comprises a main fracture
branch, a commutation
branch, an energy-absorbing
branch and acommutation charging branch. The commutation branch, the energy-absorbing branch and the main fracture branch are connected in parallel, two ends of the parallel circuit are connected in series in adirect current transmission circuit, the commutation branch comprises a power trigger
electronic switch and a pre-charging
capacitor, the power trigger
electronic switch is connected in series in thepre-charging
capacitor and then is connected in the
direct current transmission circuit, the commutation charging branch is connected in parallel with the pre-charging
capacitor in the commutation branch to charge the pre-charging capacitor, the main fracture branch comprises a mechanical switch and a saturation
resistor, and the mechanical switch and the saturation
resistor are connected in series and are connected in the
direct current circuit. A
transient current flowing through the saturation
resistor is small prior to open-circuit fault current
zero crossing to allow the saturation resistor to be worked in an unsaturated area, and
inductance value is large, a rate of descent of a fault current prior to
zero crossing is reduced, the reliability of an opening circuit is increased, and the cost of a device is reduced.