30results about How to "Reduce risk of leaching" patented technology

The invention provides a farmland nitrogen and phosphorus emission combined resistance control method; a composite organic material and a chemical fertilizer are cooperatively applied to reduce nitrogen and phosphorus investment during crop sowing or field planting, and the composite organic material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 200-250 parts of edible fungus residues, 300-350 parts of charcoal and 5-10 parts of rhamnolipid; the method further includes constructing a nitrogen and phosphorus immobilization layer by utilizing a compound microbial agent and combining 150parts by weight of edible fungus residues and 20 parts by weight of straw-based hydrogel; building a barrier layer by utilizing a composite material, preventing nitrogen and phosphorus which are notabsorbed by crops in soil from being leached downwards, and wherein the used barrier layer composite material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25-35 parts of straw-based hydrogel, 20-30 parts of edible fungus residues, 35-55 parts of bentonite and 5-10 parts of corn flour. According to the method, the application amount of chemical fertilizer is reduced, the utilization rateof nitrogen, phosphorus and nutrients by crops is increased, immobilization and conversion of nitrogen and phosphorus by soil are improved, and underground water is prevented from being polluted by downward leaching of nitrogen and phosphorus.

The invention relates to a scallion, ginger and wheat rotation production method capable of improving the land production capacity. According to the method, ginger is planted in early April of the first year, wheat seeds are sowed in ginger channels in the middle of October or in late October, and ginger is harvested in late October; wheat is harvested in early June of the second year; then, in late June, land preparation is conducted for scallion planting and scallion is harvested in early December. According to the method, the three different crops of the ginger, the wheat and the scallion are planted in a rotation mode, the problem of soil successive cropping obstacle can be solved due to the influences of root exudate, and the soil continuous production capacity can be improved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of soil protection, and in particular relates to a repair method for farmland soil heavy metal pollution. In this method, the heavy metal passivation agent is mixed evenly with the soil. After the maintenance, the first crop is planted, and then the hyperaccumulator plant is planted. At the same time, the heavy metal activator is applied, and then the passivation agent is applied. After the second crop is planted, the heavy metal passivation is applied first. The leaching agent can effectively reduce the risk of heavy metal leaching, and at the same time avoid the accumulation of heavy metals in crops, and then apply heavy metal activators to plant hyper-accumulator plants, absorb heavy metals, reduce the content of heavy metals in the soil, and prevent the accumulation of heavy metals in the soil in the area not covered by plant roots. Heavy metals keep the risk of leaching low due to the presence of heavy metal deactivators. The invention adopts the plant enrichment technology and the method of applying the heavy metal passivation agent, which can fundamentally remove the problem of heavy metals, and can passivate the heavy metals when planting crops, thereby improving the use efficiency of the soil.

The invention discloses a method for promoting the reduction of soil nitrate by an iron film at the root of rice. The iron film of the rice can strengthen the reduction of nitrate, and is coupled with the process of iron oxidation and reduction, thereby increasing N 2 The invention can enrich soil denitrifying microorganisms and iron redox microorganisms, and can enhance the nitrate reduction of crop microorganisms, and couple the redox of iron, thereby reducing the risk of nitrate leaching, and is a kind of original It is an environment-friendly method under bit conditions, and has strong practical operability.

The invention discloses a fertilizing method for winter wheat. The fertilizing method comprises the following steps: collecting soil data, meteorological data and management measure data of a target area; inputting the collected data into an applicability process model for simulation, and using measured output for calibration and verification of the model; determining the maximum potential targetyield of winter wheat in the target area by using the calibrated model; then determining the target yield of recommended fertilization in the target area; calculating the agronomic nitrogen efficiencyof the winter wheat crops in the target area according to the target yield; estimating the nitrogen fertilizer usage amount in the target area according to the agronomic nitrogen efficiency; determining the usage amounts and types of organic fertilizers and chemical fertilizers for the target area according to the nitrogen fertilizer usage amount in the target area; and simulating the nutrient absorption curve of the winter wheat according to the applicability process model, and determining the distribution proportion of a base nitrogen fertilizer and a topdressing nitrogen fertilizer and thevarieties of the nitrogen fertilizers according to fertilizer distribution results. The fertilizing method of the invention improves soil quality which producing agronomic effect, output benefits andenvironmental benefits.

The invention relates to a curing agent for treating heavy metal pollution and a heavy metal curing method. The curing agent is prepared from following raw materials, by mass, 30-70 parts of a curing framework material, 20-60 parts of a curing cementing material and 5-10 parts of a curing promoter. The curing framework material is at least one of fly ash, blast furnace slag, carbide slag and calcined coal gangue powder; the curing cementing material is at least one of ordinary Portland cement and lime; and the curing promoter is at least one of potassium hydrogen phosphate, sodium hydrogen phosphate and aluminum sulfate. The heavy metal curing method includes following steps: mixing the curing agent, solid waste and water with stirring into paste to form a curing body, wherein a usage amount of the curing agent accounts for 30-50% of the dry weight of the solid waste; and maintaining the mixed curing body at normal temperature under a relative humidity of 90% for at least seven days, thereby finishing the heavy metal curing process. By means of the curing agent and the heavy metal curing method, a heavy metal curing efficiency is high and a treatment cost is low.

The invention discloses a high-efficiency control method of water and fertilizer of large ridge and double-row film drip irrigation for maize in semi-arid region of cold region. The method comprises following steps: 1) when base fertilizer is applied on large ridges and corn is planted, first seed fertilizer is applied, then drip irrigation belt and mulching film are laid, and finally holes are drilled to sow; 2) after the corn is planted in step 1), the seedling water is dripped once before the emergence of the seedlings; 3) drip irrigation is carried out once in the period of 10% to 30% leafage index of maize, topdressing of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers is carried out; 4) drip irrigation is carried out once in the period of 40% ~ 60% leaf age index of maize, and top dressing of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers is carried out; 5) soil drip irrigation is carried out once in the period of 70% ~ 90% leaf age index of maize, and topdressing of nitrogen andphosphorus fertilizers are carried out; 6) drip irrigation is carried out once in the 100% leaf age index period of maize and topdressing of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers is carried out; 7) soil drip irrigation is carried out every 10-20 days after silking until corn is harvested. The invention improves the absorption and utilization efficiency of water and fertilizer, and greatly improvesthe yield and quality of the corn kernel.

The invention discloses a method for promoting the reduction of nitrate in soil. The research of the invention shows that after voltage treatment, a potential gradient is generated from the cathode to the anode, which enriches the nitrate-reducing microorganisms and significantly strengthens the dissimilation and reduction of nitrate into The process of ammonium and denitrification, the end product is NH 4 + and N 2 . Under voltage treatment with N 2 O, N 2 And the nitrogen content gained in the form of ammonium is comparable to the nitrogen lost in the form of nitrate. These results confirmed that potential can enhance the nitrate reduction process in soil through denitrification as well as DNRA. The present invention proposes a targeted and environmentally friendly technique to enhance microbial nitrate reduction under the roots of crops, thereby reducing the risk of nitrate leaching.

The invention discloses a heavy metal-contaminated soil solidifying agent and an application method thereof. The solidifying agent comprises the following components by mass: on the basis of the dry weight of heavy metal-contaminated soil, 10 to 15% of a binding material, 5% of biochar, 10% of vegetable fiber and 1% of a stabilizing agent. The components are added according a sequence of the stabilizing agent-the biochar-the vegetable fiber-the binding material. Addition of the chemical stabilizing agent and the biochar in the process of stabilization enables heavy metals to be absorbed and passivated and to lose mobility; preparation of heavy metal-contaminated soil slurry provides conditions for a later chemical reaction; the whole processing process is free of dust pollution and discharging of unwanted sewage. Addition of the vegetable fiber enables cracking of heavy metal-contaminated soil solidified by using a conventional solidifying agent to be effectively prevented and endurance of a solidified body to be improved. The method provided by the invention has the advantages of strong operability, low cost, extensive applicability, a high resource utilization rate, low environmental risk and easy large-scale popularization.

The invention discloses a method for comprehensive prevention and control of annual nitrogen leaching loss of wheat-corn in brown loam soil area. The main technical points include compound (mixed) fertilizer + slow-release urea + straw decomposing agent + water-saving irrigation. The method adopts compound (mixed) fertilizer + slow-release urea treatment, which can not only guarantee the nutrient demand of wheat and corn throughout the growth cycle, but also effectively avoid nitrogen redundancy in the field, so as to minimize nitrogen leaching loss; The implementation of straw deep return + straw decomposing agent treatment can promote the full decomposition of the returned straw and the full release of nutrients, so that the crops can effectively use the nutrients in the straw, so as to reduce the amount of fertilizer application, and then reduce the risk of nitrogen leaching; The water irrigation method can control the soil moisture depth more accurately, which can not only meet the water demand of crops, but also avoid the waste of water resources and nitrogen leaching caused by excessive irrigation.