The invention relates to a visual navigation / inertial navigation full combination method. The method comprises the following steps: first, calculation of visual navigation: observation equations are listed based on collinearity equations, carrier positions and attitude parameters are obtained through the least square principle and adjustment,, and variance-covariance arrays among the parameters are calculated; second, calculation of inertial navigation: navigation calculation is carried out in the local horizontal coordinates, carrier positions, speeds and attitude parameters of each moment are obtained, variance-covariance arrays among the parameters are calculated; third, correction of the inertial navigation system through the visual system: by means of the Kalman filtering, navigation parameter errors and device errors of the inertial navigation system are estimated, and subjected to compensation and feedback correction, and therefore the optimal estimated values of all the parameters of the inertial navigation system are obtained; fourth, correction of the visual system through the inertial navigation system: all the parameters of the visual system are corrected through the sequential adjustment treatment. Compared to the prior art, the method has advantages of rigorous theories, stable performances, high efficiency and the like.