The invention relates to an ultra-deep-field X-
ray active
navigation system. The ultra-deep-field X-
ray active
navigation system comprises an X-
ray signal generator, a two-dimensional directing mechanism, an X-ray
signal receiving and
processing system and a two-dimensional directing mechanism, wherein the X-ray
signal generator and the two-dimensional directing mechanism are mounted on a navigational
satellite, and the X-ray signal receiving and
processing system and the two-dimensional directing mechanism are mounted on an ultra-deep-field
spacecraft; the X-ray
signal generator on the navigational
satellite is used for generating and emitting high-stability modulation X-ray pulse signals, the X-ray signal receiving and
processing system on the ultra-deep-field
spacecraft is used for receiving X-ray
photon signals, estimating
arrival time of the X-ray pulse signals and automatically working out position, speed, time and attitude information by virtue of combined observation of measured data of at least four navigational satellites. According to a method, the problems that the transmission attenuation of a traditional
microwave frequency band is large in a deep field, the received signals are weak, are required to be supported by aperture antennas on ground and are easily interfered, and the like are solved; by virtue of superiorities that X-ray
photon have no transmission attenuation and chromatic dispersion in a
free space, are beneficial to miniaturized detection, are unlikely to be intercepted and the like, the autonomous navigation and the reliable
remote data transmission of deep-field spacecrafts are realized.