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8212 results about "Physical layer" patented technology

In the seven-layer OSI model of computer networking, the physical layer or layer 1 is the first and lowest layer. This layer may be implemented by a PHY chip. The physical layer consists of the electronic circuit transmission technologies of a network. It is a fundamental layer underlying the higher level functions in a network, and can be implemented through a great number of different hardware technologies with widely varying characteristics.

Multi-access terminal with capability for simultaneous connectivity to multiple communication channels

An apparatus is disclosed for permitting a mobile terminal having multiple, heterogeneous network connections (e.g., multiple wired or wireless transceivers of various types) to set up and maintain virtual connections over multiple networks to either the same or to multiple destinations. The mobile terminal can “load-share” traffic, i.e., it can distribute segments of traffic over a full set of heterogeneous networks, significantly improving the reliability and availability of communications. In a first embodiment, a mobile terminal is configured with multiple radio frequency (RF) transceivers. Operating system software is provided for dynamically establishing and maintaining traffic flow for user applications over multiple communications paths, and for automatically adapting to variations in the networking environment, application traffic flow requirements, end user preferences, or mobility. In a second embodiment, a software-defined radio is used to implement the physical layer protocols for each desired network, eliminating the need for multiple transceivers.
Owner:TRUSTEES OF STEVENS INST OF TECH THE

Enhanced physical layer repeater for operation in WiMAX systems

A method and repeater are described for repeating using a time division duplex (TDD) radio protocol. A signal is transmitted from a first station to a second station using a downlink and an uplink. The signal can be detected on the uplink or the downlink. The repeater can synchronize to time intervals associated with the detected signal that are measured during an observation period. The signal can be retransmitted from the second station to the first station if the signal is detected on the uplink and re-transmitted from the first station to the second station if the signal is detected on the downlink. A gain value associated with the downlink can be used to establish a gain value associated with the uplink.
Owner:QUALCOMM INC

Transceiver for zigbee and bluetooth communications

The invention provides a transceiver for Zigbee and Bluetooth communications integrating a Zigbee transceiver and a Bluetooth transceiver. The transceiver includes an RF processor 110, a variable bandpass filter 120, an FSK modulator / demodulator 130, a memory 140, a baseband processor 150, a main controller 160, and a channel selection / frequency hopping controller 170. The invention integrates the Zigbee transceiver and the Bluetooth transceiver so as to partially make common use of a higher layer application and a physical layer of the Zigbee transceiver and the Bluetooth transceiver. As a result, the invention has the advantage of functioning as a transceiver for Zigbee and Bluetooth communications, without causing a significant increase in size and unit price.
Owner:SAMSUNG ELECTRO MECHANICS CO LTD

System and method for service discovery during connection setup in a wireless environment

A system is provided that includes a network entity, such as a packet data switching node (PDSN), and a terminal capable of establishing a data-link connection with the network entity, such as after setting up a physical-layer connection with the network entity. After the data-link connection is established, the network entity and the terminal can configure a network-layer protocol such that data formatted in accordance with the network-layer protocol can thereafter be sent between the terminal and the network entity over the data-link connection. Then, during configuration of the network-layer protocol, the terminal can discover at least one service available to the terminal by receiving, from the network entity, a listing of the at least one available service. The listing of each available service includes an address of a provider of the available service and a port number and / or pathname for accessing the service at the provider.
Owner:NOKIA CORP

Method of mapping data for uplink transmission in communication systems

A method of mapping data for uplink transmission in a communication system maps data to a transport channel for uplink transmission in accordance with a selected transmission mode for uplink transmission. In the method, a transmission parameter may be extracted from a received signaling message, and a transmission mode for uplink transmission selected based on the extracted transmission parameter. The data, which may be high data rate uplink data, may me mapped from logical channels in a MAC layer to transport channels in a physical layer for transmission on the uplink. The transmission on the uplink may be performed from one of an autonomous transmission mode and a scheduled transmission mode, and the transmission parameter may be at least one of a priority indication parameter related to class priority of a service class of data to be transmitted on the uplink, and a radio channel condition.
Owner:LUCENT TECH INC

Communication system architecture and operating methodology providing a virtual neighborhood network

InactiveUS7142503B1Overcome bandwidth limitationIncreased peak bandwidth capacityError preventionFrequency-division multiplex detailsEnd-to-end encryptionTransceiver
A communication system (10) supports the provision of a plurality of dedicated communication resources (50–64), such as copper drops, RF links and optical fibers, to dedicated home-gateway devices (44–48) or distribution points (124). The communication resources (50–64) support broadband interconnection (104) between the dedicated home-gateway devices (44–48) or distribution points (124) and an access multiplexor (30) in a network (12). Each gateway device (44–48) or distribution point (124) generally includes a local RF transceiver (84) and associated control logic (80–82) that allows local communication (86) between gateway devices (44–48) and hence statistically multiplexed access (60–64, 89) to multiple communication resources, thereby providing increased bandwidth in uplink and / or downlink directions. With the control logic (80) operable to provide a routing and prioritisation / arbitration function, each gateway (44–48) is able to selectively engage use of supplemental, non-reserved communication resources usually associated with a dedicated ono-to-one connection between the access network (12) and at least one secondary gateway. Physical layer access to information routed via a secondary gateway within a virtual neighborhood network (90–92) comprising several gateways is restricted through an end-to-end encryption algorithm between an originating gateway and, at least, the access multilpexor (30).
Owner:RPX CLEARINGHOUSE

Transmission device and data extended transmission method

The invention discloses a transmission device. The transmission device includes an interface circuit, a data converting circuit, at least a physical layer and a transmission medium. The interface circuit is used to receive a PCIe signal or a PCI signal. The data converting circuit is coupled to the interface circuit and used to convert the PCIe signal or the PCI signal into at least a data packet. The physical layer is coupled to the data converting circuit and used to process and transfer the data packet. The transmission medium receives and transfers the data packet.
Owner:ASPEED TECH

Associating Physical Layer Pipes and Services Through a Program Map Table

Embodiments are directed to mapping Physical Layer Pipes (PLPs) with the service_id and with components of a service through the Program Map Table (PMT). A descriptor may be defined for this purpose. In accordance with one or more embodiments, a PLP_identifier_descriptor may contain an identifier for a physical layer pipe (PLP_id). In addition, several other PLP related parameters may be carried within the PLP_identifier_descriptor, instead of carrying the parameters in OSI Layer 1. The PLP_identifier_descriptor may be carried in several different tables, including, but not limited to, a Program Map Table (PMT). The PLP_identifier_descriptor may include a physical layer pipe identifier and, optionally, parameters for modulation, code rate, and FEC block type. A receiver, in accordance with embodiments, may be able to access the actual service content based on a combination of the L1 signalling information, legacy PSI / SI information, and the signalling information set forth in the PLP_identifier_descriptor.
Owner:NOKIA CORP

Ppdu receiving method and apparatus based on the MIMO technique in a WLAN system

Provided is a method of receiving a physical layer convergence procedure (PLCP) protocol data unit (PPDU) by an access point (AP) in a wireless local area (LAN) system. The method includes: allocating a first transmission channel bandwidth to a first station (STA) which is multiple input multiple output (MIMO)-paired with the AP; allocating a second transmission channel bandwidth to a second STA which is MIMO-paired with the AP; transmitting to the first STA and the second STA a sync trigger for determining a time point at which the first STA transmits a first PPDU and a time point at which the second STA transmits a second PPDU; and receiving simultaneously the first PPDU and the second PPDU from the first STA and the second STA.
Owner:LG ELECTRONICS INC

Adaptive Scheduling of Data Flows in Data Center Networks for Efficient Resource Utilization

An approach is provided in which a first virtual machine, executing on a host computer system, generates a data packet with a target destination at a second virtual machine over a computer network. The host computer system identifies a data flow corresponding to the data packet based the data packet's header information, and analyzes path weightings of available paths that are made available to the identified data flow. In turn, the host computer system assigns one of the available paths to the identified data flow corresponding to a pre-defined physical layer path from the first virtual machine to the second virtual machine.
Owner:IBM CORP

Transport stream packet header compression

A demultiplexer 630 routes only one or more transport stream packets with a single packet identifier value to each physical layer pipe. A header compression unit 620 replaces the packet identifier of the transport stream packet with a short packet identifier of one bit length indicating at least whether the transport stream packet is a NULL packet.
Owner:SUN PATENT TRUST

Method and system for power control based on application awareness in a packet network switch

Certain aspects of a method and system for a power control based on application awareness in a packet network switch are provided. Data communication flow may be monitored in ports in a packet network switch based on packet classification. Ports where data flow is not detected may have at least some functionality disabled to reduce power consumption. In this regard, a power saving mode may be utilized for disabling at least some functionality in a switch port, such as Ethernet ports, for example. A partially disabled port may be fully enabled when monitoring detects active data communication flow in that port. Port functionality may be enabled or disabled sequentially, for example. In some instances, a physical layer portion of the packet network switch may be utilized to adjust power in a port based on the data communication flow.
Owner:AVAGO TECH INT SALES PTE LTD

Wireless metropolitan area network system and method

A system and method are disclosed for providing a high speed wireless network. In one embodiment, a network is configured in a star configuration having a single router at the center. A Metropolitan Access Network (MAN) is configured with a plurality of access points that provide a wireless interface using defined physical layer and Media Access Control (MAC) layer. Packet data delivered to and from the access points are connected to the single router using a plurality of layer two links, which may include point to point links and packet switches. All links within the network operate at layer two or below and do not modify the packet data. The single router at the center of the MAN star network uses layer three information to direct packets between Local Area Networks (LANs) or sub-networks connected to different ports on the router.
Owner:VUIT

Cable tester

A physical layer module (PHY) of a network device includes a control module and a cable-test module. The control module selectively generates a cable-test enable signal to test a cable including four pairs of twisted wire. The cable-test module tests the cable based on the cable-test enable signal. The cable-test module transmits test signals on the four pairs at a first time and receives return signals. The cable-test module determines that the cable is not faulty when the return signals received on first and second pairs of the four pairs have an amplitude less than a first predetermined amplitude, and when the return signals received on third and fourth pairs of the four pairs have an amplitude greater than a second predetermined amplitude and are received substantially contemporaneously.
Owner:MARVELL ASIA PTE LTD

Method and system for managing design corrections for optical and process effects based on feature tolerances

A method for modifying instances of a repeating pattern in an integrated circuit design to correct for perturbations during rendering is described. In the typical embodiment, these corrections are optical proximity corrections that correct for optical effects during the projection of the mask pattern onto the wafer and / or processing effects for example photoresist response and etching effects. The method comprises determining a correction for the repeating pattern based on a first set of tolerances for features of the repeating pattern. Then, the suitability of the corrections is evaluated for instances of the repeating pattern in the integrated circuit design based on a second set of tolerances, which is different from the first set of tolerances. This can be used to preserve much of the hierarchy of the layout data in the corrected, or lithography, data. This can be achieved during the OPC process, thus avoiding the post OPC compaction. It can further take advantage of the fact that, for a given physical layer of a chip for example, different portions of the representing design polygons typically have different requirements on pattern fidelity on the wafer while perturbations may vary as a function of field position. By applying knowledge of the feature tolerances, and allowing design corrections only when tolerances are not met, the data explosion that occurs when moving from layout to lithography data can be contained without sacrificing accuracy.
Owner:CADENCE DESIGN SYST INC

Multi-access terminal with capability for simultaneous connectivity to multiple communication channels

An apparatus is disclosed for permitting a mobile terminal having multiple, heterogeneous network connections (e.g., multiple wired or wireless transceivers of various types) to set up and maintain virtual connections over multiple networks to either the same or to multiple destinations. The mobile terminal can “load-share” traffic, i.e., it can distribute segments of traffic over a full set of heterogeneous networks, significantly improving the reliability and availability of communications. In a first embodiment, a mobile terminal is configured with multiple radio frequency (RF) transceivers. Operating system software is provided for dynamically establishing and maintaining traffic flow for user applications over multiple communications paths, and for automatically adapting to variations in the networking environment, application traffic flow requirements, end user preferences, or mobility. In a second embodiment, a software-defined radio is used to implement the physical layer protocols for each desired network, eliminating the need for multiple transceivers.
Owner:TRUSTEES OF STEVENS INST OF TECH THE

Methods for controlling shared access to wireless transmission systems and increasing throughput of the same

A wireless communication system implements a calibration mode by which individual nodes in the system can determine which other nodes in the system are physically close to them and therefore can be reached with less than full transmitting power. Nodes which can communicate with one another via low power can form a low power constellation (a subset of the complete network) whose nodes can communicate directly with one another using this low power arrangement. The direct communication mode may additionally be used by itself. In another mode, the nodes in the system can communicate amongst themselves via bridges-other, non-access point nodes-to lessen the load on the access point or to accommodate environmental or other conditions. Various ones of these modes may be combined into a predetermined cycle of communication modes to help the physical layer accommodate various types of data handled by the network using beacons or another coordinating technique. Overhead in the form of packet retransmission may be reduced by interpolating to recover lost packets rather than retransmitting them.
Owner:QUALCOMM INC

Dynamic end user specific customization of an application's physical data layer through a data repository abstraction layer

A system, method and article of manufacture are provided for accessing data independent of the particular manner in which the data is physically represented. In one embodiment, a plurality of data repository abstractions provide different logical views of the same underlying data repository. The plurality of data repository abstractions may each be associated with different users, thereby exposing a different set of data to each user. A runtime component performs translation of abstract queries into a form that can be used against a particular physical data representation.
Owner:IBM CORP

Common signaling method

A common signaling method is provided. The present invention provides compatibility and interoperability between different communication devices. In one embodiment, a medium access control is provided that enables communication between a first communication device having a first type of physical layer, and a second communication device having a second type of physical layer. This Abstract is provided for the sole purpose of complying with the Abstract requirement rules that allow a reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the disclosure contained herein. This Abstract is submitted with the explicit understanding that it will not be used to interpret or to limit the scope or the meaning of the claims.
Owner:INTELLECTUAL VENTURES HLDG 73

SINGLE FIBER TRANSCEIVER with FAULT LOCALIZATION

InactiveUS20050201761A1Added costAdded complexityElectromagnetic transmittersMicrocontrollerTransceiver
A fiber optic transceiver adapted for use in an optical fiber data transmission system is capable of detecting reflection problems in fiber optic links and providing information related to the distance to the point of reflection. The fiber optic transceiver contains a fiber interface, a receiver, a transmitter, and a microcontroller. The microcontroller controls the transmitter to modulate the laser power to transmit impulse test data and the transceiver includes circuitry and microcode to detect reflection due to fiber connection problems. This enables trouble shooting during installation and / or reconfiguring the connection automatically, in response to a connection problem, and provides a physical layer link.
Owner:OPTICAL ZONU CORP

Network profiling system having physical layer test system

A network profiling system is provided including providing a base station tester having both a spectrum analyzer and a vector network analyzer, inserting an optical time domain reflectometer system in the base station tester, and operating a touch screen display of the base station tester for testing a cellular base station having both a non-optical portion and a backhaul with an optical fiber. The operating of the touch screen display further includes testing the non-optical portion with the vector network analyzer, the spectrum analyzer, or a combination thereof. The operating of the touch screen display also includes testing the backhaul having the optical fiber with the optical time domain reflectometer system, and analyzing test data from the testing the non-optical portion with the backhaul.
Owner:SUNRISE TELECOM

Method and apparatus for selecting redundant routers using tracking

A method for electing a master router in a virtual router network by obtaining a tracking parameter for each of the routers participating in a virtual router network. A priority value is assigned to each of the plurality of routers based on the tracking parameter and reported to each router at periodic intervals. The router with the highest priority value is elected, or re-elected, as the new master. The tracking parameters include a ping tracking parameter obtained by pinging the active routes listed in the routing table for each of the of routers participating in the virtual router network, an environmental tracking parameter obtained by inspecting the operating characteristics outside of the control of the router, including operating temperature and power supply status, and a diagnostic tracking parameter obtained by inspecting the diagnostic data representing operating characteristics within the control of the router, including an operability status of the router's circuitry and channels and a status of the packet-level connectivity to the physical layer backplane network.
Owner:EXTREME NETWORKS INC

Method and apparatus of multiple entity wireless communication adapter

Embodiments of the present invention provide a method and apparatus for a multiple-entity wireless communication adapter, including at least a first connection module to communicate first signal traffic corresponding to a basic service set station entity, a second connection module to communicate second signal traffic corresponding to an entity that is not a basic service set station, and a shared physical layer able to process both the first and the second signal traffic. Additional features are described and claimed.
Owner:INTEL CORP

Cognitive radio methodology, physical layer policies and machine learning

In a method of cognitive communication for non-interfering transmission, wherein the improvement comprises the step of conducting radio scene analysis to find not just the spectrum holes or White spaces; but also to use the signal classification, machine learning and prediction information to learn more things about the existing signals and its underlying protocols, to find the Gray space, hence utilizing the signal space, consisting of space, time, frequency (spectrum), code and location more efficiently.In a method of cognitive jamming where smart and energy efficient jamming techniques are suggested based on sensing, classification and machine learning of the existing signals.
Owner:BAE SYST INFORMATION & ELECTRONICS SYST INTERGRATION INC

Systems and methods for data stream analysis using embedded design logic

Systems and methods are provided for analyzing a data stream device at a packet level. In one embodiment, design logic is embedded within a target data stream processing device such as a networking device or video device. The embedded design logic is configured to start and stop the target data stream processing device and to inject data into the target data stream processing device for evaluation. The embedded design may also be configured to detect a user selected data value in a packet within the target data stream processing device before the packet is transmitted through the device's physical layer or passed up the device's networking stack. In addition, or in another embodiment, at least a portion of the design logic, including the ability to detect the user selected value in the packet, may be located external to the data stream processing device. In one embodiment, a controlled client / server interfaces with the physical layer of the target data stream processing device and provides packet-level analysis of the data stream.
Owner:PACKET PLUS

Fibre channel over ethernet

The use of Ethernet as an underlying transport for Fibre Channel (FC) frames is disclosed in the Fibre Channel Over Ethernet (FCOE) protocol. In FCOE, the FC physical layer and part of the FC-2 link layer are replaced with the Ethernet physical and link layers. Each FC frame is encapsulated within an Ethernet Frame. The payload of the FCOE frame contains type information from the FC Start Of Frame (SOF) indicator, the FC header, an optional FC payload, and type information from the FC End Of Frame (EOF) indicator. In one embodiment, an Ethernet network carrying FCOE replaces a standard FC network. In another embodiment, devices implementing FCOE may be implemented in a blade server. The entire backplane is Ethernet, over which both storage and networking traffic can be run. The Ethernet links are connected to an Ethernet switch, a FCOE / FC converter, and a FC switch.
Owner:AVAGO TECH INT SALES PTE LTD

Distributed cable modem termination system (CMTS) architecture

A distributed CMTS in a hybrid fiber / coaxial (HFC) plant. The distributed CMTS comprises at least one network layer, at least one media access control layer, and one or more physical layers. The at least one network layer, at least one media access control layer and one or more physical layers each function as separate modules, enabling them to be in separate locations, yet physically connected, throughout the HFC plant.
Owner:AVAGO TECH WIRELESS IP SINGAPORE PTE

Systems and methods for visible light communication

Systems and methods for visible light communication are disclosed. In part, illumination devices and related systems and methods are disclosed that can be used for general illumination, lighting control systems, or other applications. The illumination devices synchronize preferentially to the AC mains to produce time division multiplexed channels in which control information can be communicated optically by the same light source that is producing illumination. Such illumination devices preferentially comprise LEDs for producing illumination, transmitting data, detecting ambient light, and receiving data, however, other light sources and detectors can be used. The physical layer can be used with a variety of protocols, such as ZigBee, from the Media ACcess (MAC) layer and higher.
Owner:LUTRON TECH CO LLC

Wireless communication apparatus, wireless communication base station and wireless communication system

A wireless communication apparatus can communicate with a wireless communication base station using component carriers of communication cells managed by the wireless communication base station simultaneously. A radio condition determining section includes a physical layer problem determining section that determines whether a physical layer problem occurs in each component carrier which is used or can be used in communication between the wireless communication apparatus and the wireless communication base station. When it is determined that the physical layer problem occurs in some of the component carriers used in the communication, the radio condition determining section notifies the component carrier in which the physical layer problem occurs to a report creating section. The report creating section creates a report corresponding to the component carrier in which the physical layer problem occurs and a predetermined criterion.
Owner:PANASONIC INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY CORP OF AMERICA

Physical layer repeater with selective use of higher layer functions based on network operating conditions

A physical layer frequency translating repeater (600, 700) for use in a wireless network includes signal processor (710-714) coupled with a signal processing bus (711), a processor (627) and a memory (650). The physical layer repeater conducts physical layer repeating and selectively conducts layer 2 and possibly layer 3 functions depending on network conditions and other factors. A demodulator (623) can extract address information such as media access control (MAC) addressing to enable packets to be redirected, terminated, stored and forwarded, if necessary, based on network conditions.
Owner:QUALCOMM INC
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