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Method and apparatus for adapting antenna array using received predetermined signal

An antenna apparatus that can increase capacity in a wireless communication system is disclosed. The antenna operates in conjunction with a station and comprises a plurality of antenna elements, each coupled to a respective weight control component to provide a weight to the signal transmitted from (or received by) each element. The weight for each antenna element is adjusted to achieve optimum reception during, for example, an idle mode when a pilot signal is received. The antenna array creates a beam former for signals to be transmitted from the mobile station, and a directional receiving array to more optimally detect and receive signals transmitted from the base station. By directionally receiving and transmitting signals, multipath fading and intercell interference are greatly reduced. The weights are adjusted in a coarse and a fine mode. In the coarse mode all the weight control components are jointly adjusted or changed so that the antenna beam scans through a predetermined sector of a circle until a signal quality metric of the received signal is optimized. The coarse adjustment mode is followed by a fine adjustment mode during which the weights of are independently adjusted to further optimize the signal quality metric.
Owner:IPR LICENSING INC

Hierarchical telecommunications network with fault recovery

The present invention is a telecommunications network having a hierarchical architecture which reduces the amount of equipment and processing required to recover from network failures. In an exemplary embodiment, the nodes of the network are divided into high level nodes and low level nodes. High granularity traffic is collected, routed and manipulated at high level nodes, but generally passes through low level nodes, which generally lack the capability for routing and manipulating such high granularity traffic. Equipment savings results from low level nodes lacking the capability to manipulate traffic other than traffic relevant to those nodes or nearby nodes. Each high level node pair is connected by at least three node disjoint paths of low level nodes and links. Less protection capacity is needed, as each node disjoint path is expected to handle only a portion of rerouted traffic in the event of a network equipment failure. Recovery is decentralized, and is thus faster, requires less equipment, and is less susceptible to the failure of a centralized controller than with networks using centralized recovery processing.
Owner:RED HAT

Synthesis gas method and apparatus

InactiveUS8349214B1Increase equilibrium temperatureReduce slipProductsHydrogenOxygen transportChemistry
A method and apparatus for producing a synthesis gas product having one or more oxygen transport membrane elements thermally coupled to one or more catalytic reactors such that heat generated from the oxygen transport membrane element supplies endothermic heating requirements for steam methane reforming reactions occurring within the catalytic reactor through radiation and convention heat transfer. A hydrogen containing stream containing no more than 20 percent methane is combusted within the oxygen transport membrane element to produce the heat and a heated combustion product stream. The heated combustion product stream is combined with a reactant stream to form a combined stream that is subjected to the reforming within the catalytic reactor. The apparatus may include modules in which tubular membrane elements surround a central reactor tube.
Owner:PRAXAIR TECH INC
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