The invention provides a real-time tracking and predicting control method for a maximum photovoltaic power point. The real-time tracking and predicting control method for the maximum photovoltaic power point comprises the following steps of: S1), establishing an
environmental factor and a maximum photovoltaic power
point function model in a photovoltaic controller, and establishing an output current and
voltage mathematical model of the photovoltaic controller for real-time output current in the
environmental factor and the maximum photovoltaic power
point function model in the photovoltaic controller; S2), establishing photovoltaic controller mathematical modeling and a
state space model, and establishing a constraint condition for the photovoltaic controller used for controlling output current; S3), establishing a real-time tracking and predicting target function, and establishing a
performance index used for determining the target function; and S4), solving the target function under the constraint condition, and obtaining an
optimal control sequence used for tracking the maximum photovoltaic power point. According to the real-time tracking and predicting control method for the maximum photovoltaic power point, which is disclosed by the invention, the real-
time model prediction control of the
photovoltaic system under the quickly-changed external environment condition can be realized so as to improve the predicting and tracking capability of the maximum photovoltaic power point.