The invention relates to high-strength conductive fibers and particularly relates to a preparing method of a polyacrylonitrile-based high-strength conductive fiber. The method includes 1) preparing a polyacrylonitrile fiber by adopting acrylonitrile and vinyl acetate as raw materials, 2) subjecting the prepared fiber to high-temperature drafting, 3) processing the fiber subjected to high-temperature drafting in saturated low-pressure vapor, 4) putting the fiber processed in the saturated low-pressure vapor to a sodium hydroxide solution, washing and drying, 5) putting the dried fiber into an aqueous solution of a copper salt, heating to 50-60 DEG C, adding a sodium thiosulfate solution, heating to 70-80 DEG C, maintaining the temperature for 30-40 min, adding a sodium thiosulfate solution again, heating to 100-105 DEG C, and maintaining the temperature for 1-1.5 h, and 6) after the temperature maintaining is finished, washing, oiling, dehydrating and drying. The polyacrylonitrile-based high-strength conductive fiber prepared by the method is stable in conductivity, good in conductive durability and high in strength.