The invention discloses a processing, formation and manufacturing method of a piston rod using 38CrMoAlA steel as a material, which belongs to the technical field of powder metallurgy. A gear is realized through the following work procedures of baiting, powder metallurgical blank manufacture, annealing, tongs center emptying, rough turning, tempering, fine turning, center hole accurate grinding, hexagon milling and nitriding treatment. The piston rod manufactured by the manufacture method does not deform at high temperature and high pressure, the surface hardness is high, the abrasion performance is good, the bending resistance capability is high, the fatigue strength is high, in addition, the center roughness is good, the service life is long, the work reliability is high, and because blanks are manufactured by the powder metallurgy, the high-temperature resistance is good.