63results about "Petroleum industry" patented technology

A spin finish which enhances yarn processability and contributes to improved yarn performance. The spin finish is advantageous when compared with conventional spin finishes applied to industrial yarn because the present spin finish enhances yarn processability as evidenced by low forming, improved mechanical quality at lower amounts of spin finish per yarn, improved mechanical quality at higher draw ratios, and minimal depositing. It also improves yarn performance as evidenced by improved strength and wicking.

The present spin finish composition comprises at least about 10 percent by weight based on the spin finish composition of components (a) and (b) having the formula R1—(CO)x—O—(CH(R2)—CH2—O)y—(CO)z—R3 wherein each of R1 and R3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen or an alkyl group having from one to 22 carbon atoms or an alkylene hydroxy group having from one to 22 carbon atoms, x is zero or one, R2 may vary within component (a) or component (b) and is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen or an alkyl group having from one to four carbon atoms, y is zero, or from one to 25, and z is zero or one, in component (a), x and z are equal to zero and the average molecular weight of component (a) is less than or equal to 1,900 and if R2 varies, component (a) is a random copolymer; and in component (b), at least x or z is equal to one or component (b) is a complex polyoxyethylene glyceride-containing compound having greater than 10 polyoxyethylene units; up to about five percent by weight based on the spin finish composition of component (c) of an ethoxylated silicone; and at least about one percent by weight based on the spin finish composition of component (d) having the formula R4(CH2O(CO)aR5)b wherein R4 is —C— or —COC—; a is 0 or 1; R5 is —H; from —CH3 to —C18H37; or —CH(R6)—CH2O; b is 4 or 6; and R6 is —H or —CH3 or —H and —CH3 in a ratio of 10:90 to 90:10. The present spin finish composition may be used on industrial yarn.

The present invention relates to ionic liquids having low melting points, low viscosities and high electrical conductivities; and more specifically, to ionic liquids including at least one organic onium ion and at least one anion represented by the formula: [Z-BF3]−wherein Z is an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, or a fluoroalkenyl group. The ionic liquids according to the invention are capable of easily dissolving electrolytes such as lithium salts, and are also nonflammable and have low viscosities; therefore, the ionic liquids are suitable for use as electrolyte solvents for lithium batteries such as lithium secondary batteries, electric double-layer capacitors, and the like. The ionic liquids according to the invention are suitable for use in electrochemical devices such as lithium secondary batteries, fuel cells, solar batteries, electrical double-layer capacitors and the like; as solvents for chemical reactions; and as lubricants.

Low melting point organic liquid compounds with high boiling points are prepared by a preferred process having the J+xQy(R—COO−)x-y where x is 1 to 8, preferably 1-3, y is 0 to x−1, where R—COO− is an anion selected from the group consisting of 2-ethyl hexanoate, pivalate, neodecanoate, and mixtures thereof, Q is another anion or mixture of other anions, and J+x is a cation selected from cations of Groups IA, IIA, IB, IIB, IIIB, IVB, VB, VIB, VIIB, VIII and lanthanide metals, cations selected from cations of B, Si, Ge, As, Sb, Te and Po metalloids, an ammonium cation derived from ammonia or an organic amine, an organic phosphonium cation, and mixtures thereof the organic liquid compounds being substantially free of volatile organic compounds. These compounds, as liquids, are useful as low volatile organic solvents, e.g., solvents in which a variety of chemical reactions may be carried out.

A process for the preparation of a particle, wherein the particle comprises: (a) a core comprising a hydrophobic benefit agent; (b) an outer crosslinked shell, which comprises a crosslinked, hydrophobically modified polyvinyl alcohol, which comprises a crosslinking agent comprising a first dextran aldehyde having a molecular weight of from 2,000 to 2,000,000 Da; and (c) an inner polyamide shell, wherein the shell comprises a polyamide, and wherein the polyamide comprises an aromatic group; wherein the outer crosslinked shell is formed prior to the formation of the inner polyamide shell.

The reaction of N-alkylimidazol with alkyl sulfonates, at room temperature, favors the production of 1,3-dialkylimidazolium alkane-sulfonates as crystalline solids at high yields. The alkane-sulfonate anions may be easily substituted by a series of other anions [BF4, PF6, PF3(CF2CF3)3, CF3SO3 and (CF3SO2)2N] through simple anion, salt, or acid reactions in water at room temperature. The extraction with dichloromethane, filtration, and evaporation of the solvent, allows the production of the desired ionic liquids at a yield of 80-95%. The purity of these ionic liquids (in some cases >99.4%) is performed using the intensity of 13C satellite signals from the magnetic resonance spectrums of the N-methyl imidazolium group as an internal standard.

The invention pertains to heat transfer compositions, particularly to automobile refrigerants comprising a hydrofluoroalkene, an iodocarbon, and at least one lubricant having hydrogen atoms and carbon atoms, wherein no more than 17% of the total number of hydrogen atoms which are attached to a carbon atom are tertiary hydrogen atoms.

This invention relates to a method for synthesizing a compound containing piperazine cation group and its application. The structural formula of the compound is shown, wherein, R1, R2, R3 and R4 are C1-C8 alkyl, and X- is Br-, Cl-, BF4- or PH6-. The compound has excellent properties of ionic liquid, and can dissolve a variety of poorly soluble compounds. The method has such advantages as low cost, simple synthesis, and high yield, and is suitable for mass production. The compound as ionic liquid can be used as gas absorbent and liquid extraction phase in separation engineering, reaction medium and catalyst in chemical reactions, electrolyte (including ion-conducting polyelectrolyte) in electrochemistry, cellulose solvent, multifunctional lubricant, matrix for mass spectrometry, and chromatographic stationary phase.

The invention provides ionic liquids and processes for their preparation. The liquids may either comprise a cation of the formula (I); N+HR1R2R3 (I) wherein R1 is a group —R4—O—R5; R2 and R3 are each independently either hydrogen or hydrocarbyl, R2 and R3 may be joined together with the N to form a heterocyclic group; R4 is a divalent hydrocarbyl radical; and R5 is hydrocarbyl; or a cation of the formula (II), N+HR6R7R8 (II) wherein R6 is an alkanolyl group; R7 is a hydrocarbyl group; and R8 is either hydrogen or hydrocarbyl, or R7 and R8 may be joined together with the N to form a heterocyclic group.

An applicator for a circular arc-shaped solid composition comprises a housing defining a conduit that is sized to accept the circular arc-shaped solid composition stick. The conduit has a first end and a second end, the second end being open, and has a continuous circular arc-shape from the first end to the second end. The housing also contains one, or more than one opening for engaging a fastener. Each one of the one, or more than one opening is of a sufficient size to permit at least partial lateral movement of the fastener. Also included in the housing are an inlet and an outlet in communication with the conduit, the outlet being in communication with the second end, and a biasing assembly for advancing the circular arc-shaped solid composition stick within the conduit. The position of the applicator of the present invention relative to a surface to be treated can be easily adjusted by laterally sliding the housing of the applicator relative to its mounting bracket.

A protector which prevents damage to a solid lubricating coating on a threaded portion of a threaded joint when the protector is mounted on a pin or a box of a threaded joint for pipes in which at least one of the pin or the box is lubricated with a solid lubricating coating comprises a tubular member having a threaded portion on its inner or outer peripheral surface which threadingly engages with at least a portion and preferably 3-5 complete threads of the threaded portion provided on the pin or the box to be protected. The thread height H1 of the threaded portion of the protector and the thread height H2 of the complete thread of the pin or the box on which the protector is mounted satisfy H1>H2, and the difference between H1 and H2 [=H1−H2] is larger than the maximum coating thickness at the thread crest of the solid lubricating coating which covers the threaded portion of the pin or the box.

A method for removing iodine from heat transfer compositions which contain a hydrofluoroalkene, an iodocarbon, and iodine. Iodine from such heat transfer compositions by contacting the composition with activated carbon.

The invention relates to ionic mesogenic or liquid crystal compounds, and to their use in liquid crystal media, liquid crystal devices, anisotropic polymers, optical, electrooptical, decorative, security, cosmetic, diagnostic, electric, electrochemical, electronic, charge transport, semiconductor, optical recording, electroluminescent, photoconductor, electrophotographic and lasing applications, and to liquid crystal media, polymers, optical components, displays, electrolytes, electrochemical cells and decorative or security markings comprising the ionic compounds.

A box protector 21 for protecting the inner surface of a box 11 of a threaded joint for pipes having a female threaded portion and a shoulder surface 14 with the shoulder surface being sloped by an angle θ with respect to the direction perpendicular to the pipe axis has a male threaded portion 22 which threadingly engages with at least a portion of the complete threads of the female threaded portion of the box and a shoulder surface 21b which sealingly contacts the shoulder surface 14 of the box to form a first seal portion, and the shoulder surface 21b is sloped by an angle θP (θP>θ) with respect to the direction perpendicular to the pipe axis. The protector has a circumferential groove 30 in its outer peripheral surface in the vicinity of the shoulder surface 21b and an elastic seal ring 28 which contacts the shoulder surface 14 of the box 11 and forms a second seal portion.

The invention relates to a method and device for compressing a gaseous medium, particularly hydrogen. According to the invention, the compressing (Z1, Z2) of the gaseous medium ensues by using a liquid (D). The liquid (D) used is one in which the gaseous medium does not dissolve and / or one that can be separated from the gaseous medium without residues. To this end, the liquid (D) used is an ionic liquid, a high-boiling hydraulic oil or a liquid having a very low vapor pressure.

The invention pertains to heat transfer compositions, particularly to automobile refrigerants comprising a hydrofluoroalkene, an iodocarbon, and at least one lubricant having hydrogen atoms and carbon atoms, wherein no more than 17% of the total number of hydrogen atoms which are attached to a carbon atom are tertiary hydrogen atoms.

In the present invention, in order to provide a fluid dynamic bearing, having heat resistance, wherein the electrical charging on a rotation portion is prevented and the torque loss caused by a lubricant is made lower, an ionic liquid or the like is added to the lubricant filled in the clearance between the opposed faces of a shaft and a sleeve unit as an electrical conductivity imparting agent.

A structure (200) for containing a volume of lubricant additive gel (10) which is disposed within a mechanical system, in close proximity to a wear critical surface, and which is configured to provide a release of the contained additives into a flow of lubricant over time or as a function of temperature in a site-specific manner to minimize wear or reduce oil oxidation due to harsh operating conditions. The structure defines a cage or capsule with screen or mesh sides (202) having multiple perforations or openings through which the flow of lubricant may circulate. Within the contained volume of the structure (200), additives are disposed in a gel matrix (10), and are release over time or as a function of temperature, through the perorations or openings, in close operative proximity to wear critical surfaces of the mechanical system such as a bearing assembly or gear arrangement.

An oil-in-water emulsion composition for a die casting release agent, the oil-in-water emulsion composition comprising: (A) an organopolysiloxane having an average chemical composition represented by the general formula (1); (B) silica particles; and (C) water, R1 aSiO(4 - a) / 2 (1) in the formula (1), -R1s in a molecule may be the same or different, each R1 is a group selected from a substituted or unsubstituted, saturated or unsaturated monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 25 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and a hydrogen atom, and -a is 1.5 to 2.5.

This invention relates to a method for synthesizing compounds containing L-proline cations and their application. The structural formula of the compounds is shown in formula 1, wherein, R1 and R2 are C2-C8 alkyl; X- is Br-, Cl-, BF4-, or PF6-. The compounds are environmentally friendly ionic liquids with higher solvency than common organic solvents, and can be used as gas absorbents and liquid extraction phases in separation process, both reaction media and catalysts in chemical reaction, electrolytes in electrochemical process, solvents for cellulose, lubricants, matrices in mass spectrometry, or stationary phases in chromatography. The method has such advantages as simple process and high yield, and is suitable for industrialization.

A coated substrate and a process for forming the coated substrate, including a first lubricious coating layer overlying the substrate, the first lubricious coating layer including a first lubricant providing to the first lubricious coating layer a first coefficient of friction; and a second lubricious coating layer overlying the first lubricious coating layer, the second lubricious coating layer including a second lubricant providing to the second lubricious coating layer a second coefficient of friction, in which the second coefficient of friction is greater than the first coefficient of friction.

Methods and systems for withdrawing a stream from a linear programming model of a manufacturing facility. In one embodiment, one or more independent input variables and one or more key output variables are specified within the linear programming model. A stream within the model to be at least partially withdrawn is identified, and a stream is preferably added to the model immediately downstream of the withdrawal point. The added stream has one or more component rates that are perturbed. The one or more key output variables are solved in response to the perturbation of the component rates to create a derivative for the perturbed component rates. The derivatives are negated, and an amount of withdrawal for the identified stream is specified. The resulting component rates of the stream to be at least partially withdrawn can be determined based on the specified amount of withdrawal and the negated derivatives to simulate an effect on the one or more key output variables.

A protector which prevents damage to a solid lubricating coating on a threaded portion of a threaded joint when the protector is mounted on a pin or a box of a threaded joint for pipes in which at least one of the pin or the box is lubricated with a solid lubricating coating comprises a tubular member having a threaded portion on its inner or outer peripheral surface which threadingly engages with at least a portion and preferably 3-5 complete threads of the threaded portion provided on the pin or the box to be protected. The thread height H1 of the threaded portion of the protector and the thread height H2 of the complete thread of the pin or the box on which the protector is mounted satisfy H1>H2, and the difference between H1 and H2 [=H1−H2] is larger than the maximum coating thickness at the thread crest of the solid lubricating coating which covers the threaded portion of the pin or the box.

A slide member of the present invention is used in a slide unit which is included in a refrigerant compressor for compressing a refrigerant and provided inside a sealed container which reserves lubricating oil therein. The slide member is provided with an oxide coating film on a surface of a base material. The oxide coating film is configured such that (1) when the base material comprises an iron based material, the oxide coating film has a three-layer structure including a first layer comprising Fe2O3, a second layer comprising Fe3O4, and a third layer comprising FeO in this order from an outermost surface, (2) the oxide coating film has a dense structure having minute concave / convex portions with a height difference which falls within a range of 0.01 μm to 0.1 μm, or (3) when the base material comprises the iron based material, the oxide coating film has a three-layer structure in which the three layers comprise the iron oxides and are different in hardness.

The invention provides an electric vehicle cooling liquid which comprises the following raw materials by the weight percentage: 0.5-3% of an acrylic acid-sulfonate-amide copolymer, 1-3% of an acrylic acid-acrylate-phosphonic acid-sulfonate copolymer, 0.01-1% of 5-nitrobenzotriazole, 0.1-2.0% of 2,4,6-tri-(6-aminocaproic acid)-1,3,5-triazine, 0.5-1.0% of sodium hydroxide, 30-60% of water, 0.001-0.1% of a defoaming agent, and the balance ethylene glycol. The electric vehicle cooling liquid has excellent corrosion inhibition performance of aluminum magnesium alloys, and has good heat exchange performance and compatibility with PVC, ethylene-propylene-diene monomer and styrene butadiene rubber.

As a lubricant present between a transfer belt for transferring a print sheet and a platen plate on a rear side thereof and bringing the both into close contact, a lubricant containing 70 weight % or more of a fatty acid ester solvent with carbon number in a molecule of 20 or more and 34 or less is used so as to reduce sliding between the transfer belt and the platen plate and sliding resistance generated between the transfer belt for transferring the print sheet and an auxiliary plate arranged along this.

Monitoring apparatus for monitoring a condition of an aqueous metalworking fluid comprised of water and a lubricant, of a metalworking fluid circuit of a metalworking machine, wherein the at least one measurement element of the apparatus is remote from the metalworking fluid circuit. Method for determining a condition of a metalworking fluid, and, when required, to add water and / or lubricant to the metalworking fluid circuit.

A refrigerating cycle system of the present invention uses a hydrocarbon refrigerant, and lubricating oil that does not include silicone. Also, the refrigerating cycle system of the present invention includes a detachable sensor section which detects the leakage of the hydrocarbon refrigerant. Even when the gas detecting sensor becomes unusable, the refrigerating cycle system can be safely used by replacing the gas detecting sensor with new one. Further, the refrigerating cycle system of the present invention is provided with silicone removing filters or sulfur compound removing filters in the sensor section. Also, the refrigerating cycle system of the present invention is provided with one of infrared type, hydrogen flame ionization type, and optical interference type sensors. By using the refrigerating cycle system of the present invention, it is possible to provide an inexpensive refrigerating cycle system which is environment-friendly and excellent in safety.

Provided are a silicon ingot slicing apparatus capable of slicing silicon ingots in various forms such as blocks or wafers using microbubbles and wire electric discharge machining.