The invention discloses a test device and a test method for simulating excavation and unloading under the deep three-dimensional loading condition. The device comprises a true triaxial
test bench, a rock
test sample, a loading chamber, a connecting column, a left round hole, a right round hole, a front bearing plate, a back bearing plate, a
cushion block, a bolt, a pedestal, a rectangular frame, avertical linear guide rail, a vertical sliding block, a horizontal linear guide rail, a horizontal sliding block, a left cross beam, a right cross beam, a screw rod nut, a lifting screw rod, a bearing, a straight rack, a gear, a steering gear vertical output shaft, a motor, a steering gear, a sealing shell, a gas inlet, a steering gear horizontal output shaft, a
cutting drill bit, a spiral bladeand a hole channel. The test method is implemented according to the following steps: 1, fixing the device and performing three-dimensional loading; 2, mounting and adjusting the position of the
cutting drill bit; 3, simulating round tunnel excavation, unloading and drilling; and 4, developing subsequent research. The adaptability is high and the process of simulating the excavation and unloading process through three-dimensional loading is realized.