The invention discloses a contact type temperature non-inductive three-dimensional detection sensor based on a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) and belongs to the technical field of precision instrument manufacturing and precision test measurement. The sensor comprises a broadband light source system which consists of a pump laser, a wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) coupler, an erbium-doped fiber and a beam splitter, a temperature compensation system which consists of an erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA), a first circulator, a guide pipe, a reference FBG and a fiber barrier, a probe, and a signal receiving system which consists of an optical spectrum analyzer, a fiber coupler and an index-matching fluid, wherein the reference FBG of the temperature compensation system is arranged in a spatial distance of 30 cm of the probe. By the sensor, three-dimensional sensing is realized, and the environmental adaptability of the sensor is greatly improved. The sensor has the characteristics of simple structure and high real-time performance and is easy to practically use. The sensor has the advantage of quick and ultra-precise measurement and calibration of small cavity size.