The invention belongs to the technical field of gene engineering, particularly relates to a test tube cleaning device for gene engineering, and aims to provide a test tube cleaning device which is capable of more thoroughly cleaning a test tube, avoids residues in the test tube after cleaning and is fast in cleaning and high in working efficiency. The test tube cleaning device comprises a box, first sliding rails, first sliders, a first motor, a rotating shaft, a placing plate, a clamping device, a handle, second sliding rails, second sliders, a horizontal plate, hairbrushes and the like, the first sliding rails are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the inner middle of the box and connected with the left side and the right side of the inner middle of the box through bolts, and the first sliders are slidably arranged on the first sliding rails and slidably matched with the first sliding rails. According to the test tube cleaning device for the gene engineering, the hairbrushes vertically move to clean test tubes.