522 results about "Single polarization" patented technology

A method is provided for an equalization strategy for compensating channel distortions in a dual-polarization optical transport system wherein the received signal includes a complex signal of a first transmitted polarization component and a complex signal of a second transmitted polarization component. In a first step, a blind self-recovery mode used a blind adaptation algorithm in calculating and modifying multiple complex equalizer transfer function coefficients to enable recovery of only the complex signal of the first transmitted polarization component. By recovering only a single polarization component in the first step the degenerate case of recovering only a single transmitted signal at both polarization component outputs of an equalizer is prevented. In a second step, equalization is performed in a training mode for calculating and modifying the multiple complex equalizer transfer function coefficients to enable recovery of the complex signals of the first and second transmitted polarization components. In a third step, equalization is performed in a data directed mode for continuing to calculate and modify the multiple complex equalizer transfer function coefficients to ensure continued recovery of the complex signals of the first and second transmitted polarization components. The method is suited for a digital signal processing implementation in a coherent receiver when a modulation scheme used on a transmitted signal is quadriphase-shift keying (QPSK). In other embodiments, the method can be used with modulation schemes such as binary PSK, M-ary PSK where M>4, or Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM).

An alignment target includes periodic patterns on two elements. The periodic patterns are aligned when the two elements are properly aligned. By measuring the two periodic patterns with an incident beam having a single polarization state and detecting the intensity of the resulting polarized light, it can be determined if the two elements are aligned. The same polarization state may be detected as is incident or different polarization states may be used. A reference measurement location may be used that includes a third periodic pattern on the first element and a fourth periodic pattern on the second element, which have a designed in offset, i.e., an offset when there is an offset of a known magnitude when the first and second element are properly aligned. The reference measurement location is similarly measured with a single polarization state.

An optical mixer that, in one embodiment, has a single optical hybrid optically coupled to a single polarization beam splitter. The optical hybrid mixes a polarization-multiplexed optical communication signal and a local-oscillator signal to generate four mixed signals, each corresponding to a different relative phase shift between the communication and local-oscillator signals. The polarization beam splitter separates each of the mixed signals into two polarization components, subsequent processing of which enables an optical receiver employing the optical mixer to recover the data carried by the communication signal.

A method of producing an active optical waveguide having asymmetric polarization, said method comprising the steps of (a) providing an active optical waveguide (10) comprising: (i) a transverse refractive index profile (21) comprising a guiding region (11), an intermediate region (13), and a non-guiding region (12); (ii) a transverse photorefractive dopant profile (31) comprising a constant or graded photorefractive dopant concentration within at least one of the guiding, non-guiding and intermediate regions, except that the photorefractive dopant is not located solely in the guiding region; and (iii) exhibiting in said guiding region, intermediate region, or both, light guiding modes having different polarizations; and (b) exposing at least a part (10a, 10b) of the active optical waveguide to an effective transverse illumination of light (20) reacting with the photorefractive dopant and modifying said transverse refractive index profile; said part of the active optical waveguide being exposed to a fluence selectively suppressing the propagation of the light guiding modes having different polarizations so that the propagation of one mode is less suppressed than the propagation of the other mode(s). Such an active optical waveguide, single polarization mode optical waveguide lasers and multi-wavelength single polarization mode optical waveguide lasers comprising such an active optical waveguide, methods of their production, and their uses in telecommunications, in spectroscopy, in sensors and in absolute calibrated laser light sources.

An optical transport system configured to transmit at least two phase-conjugated optical variants carrying the same modulated symbols, with the phase-conjugated optical variants in being different from one another in one or more of polarization of light, the time of transmission, spatial localization, optical carrier wavelength, and subcarrier frequency during transmission. The two phase-conjugated optical variants can be generated by a single polarization-diversity transmitter to be orthogonally polarized, and propagate through an optical transmission link with the same wavelength and spatial path. The optical variants are detected and processed at the receiver in a manner that enables coherent summation of the corresponding electrical signals prior to constellation de-mapping. The coherent summation tends to cancel out the deleterious effects of nonlinear distortions imparted on the individual phase-conjugated optical variants in an optical fiber transmission link because said nonlinear distortions tend to be opposite to each other.

Structures and configurations for planar ultrawideband modular antenna arrays. One example of a PUMA array includes an unbalanced RF interface, a lattice of horizontal dipole segments directly fed with the unbalanced RF interface, the lattice being arranged in either a dual-offset dual-polarized configuration or a single-polarization configuration, and a metallic plate capacitively-coupled to the lattice of horizontal dipole segments and pinned to a ground plane with a first plated via.

Systems and methods are disclosed for using ellipsometer configurations to measure the partial Mueller matrix and the complete Jones matrix of a system that may be isotropic or anisotropic. In one embodiment two or more signals, which do not necessarily satisfy any symmetry assumptions individually, are combined into a composite signal which satisfies a symmetry assumption. The individual signals are collected at two or more analyzer angles. Symmetry properties of the composite signals allow easy extraction of overlay information for any relative orientation of the incident light beam with respect to a ID grating target, as well as for targets comprising general 2D gratings. Signals of a certain symmetry property also allow measurement of profile asymmetry in a very efficient manner. In another embodiment a measurement methodology is defined to measure only signals which satisfy a symmetry assumption. An optional embodiment comprises a single polarization element serving as polarizer and analyzer. Another optional embodiment uses an analyzing prism to simultaneously collect two polarization components of reflected light.

A highly efficient projection system is provided, including a light source, a color separator, a scrolling unit, a light valve, a projection lens unit, and a polarization conversion system. The color separator separates an incident beam according to color. The scrolling unit includes at least one lens cell and converts a rotation of the lens cell into a rectilinear motion of an area of the lens cell through which light passes so the incident beam is scrolled. The light valve processes a beam transmitted by the color separator and the scrolling unit, according to an image signal and forms a color picture. The projection lens unit magnifies the color picture formed by the light valve and projects the magnified color picture onto a screen. The polarization conversion system is installed between the color separator and the light valve and converts the incident beam into a beam with a single polarization.

The embodiment of the invention relates to the field of communication transmission, and discloses an optical signal transmission processing method, an optical signal sending device and an optical signal transmission system. The optical signal sending device comprises a sending end optical signal generating device, a first polarization controller, a second polarized controller, a first quarternaryphase-shift keying modulator, a second quarternary phase-shift keying modulator and a polarization beam combiner, wherein the sending end optical signal generating device is used for generating an optical signal A and an optical signal B with different wavelengths; the first polarization controller is used for carrying out polarization control for the optical signal A and generating an X polarization optical signal A; the second polarized controller is used for carrying out polarization control for the optical signal B and generating a Y polarization optical signal B; the first quarternary phase-shift keying modulator is used for modulating the X polarization optical signal A; the second quarternary phase-shift keying modulator is used for modulating the Y polarization optical signal B; and the polarization beam combiner is used for combining the modulated X polarization optical signal A and the modulated Y polarization optical signal B into a dual-carrier single-polarization optical signal. The invention enables the nonlinear effect in an optical fiber to be inhabited, enhances the nonlinear tolerance limit and the fiber feeding power of the optical signal transmission system andextends the transmission distance.

A method and system for single laser bidirectional links are disclosed and may include communicating a high speed optical signal from a transmit CMOS photonics chip to a receive CMOS photonics chip and communicating a low-speed optical signal from the receive CMOS photonics chip to the transmit CMOS photonics chip via one or more optical fibers. The optical signals may be coupled to and from the CMOS photonics chips utilizing single-polarization grating couplers. The optical signals may be coupled to and from the CMOS photonics chips utilizing polarization-splitting grating couplers. The optical signals may be amplitude or phase modulated. The optical fibers may comprise single-mode or polarization-maintaining fibers. A polarization of the high-speed optical signal may be configured before communicating it over the single-mode fibers. The low-speed optical signal may be generated by modulating the received high-speed optical signal or from a portion of the received high-speed optical signal.

This specification discloses a VCSEL (Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser) device with single-mode output and optionally single polarization output. This device is given by lateral mode confinement by the PBG (Photonic Band-Gap) effect by shallow etching in a partial VCSEL top mirror. The PBG area encircles a MS-region (Mode-Shaping region), which is characterized by large longitudinal mode losses. The MS-region encircles the LA-region (Light Aperture region), which is characterised by low longitudinal mode losses. The MS-region does not contribute to the lateral mode-confinement to the LA-aperture, and the lateral modes confined by the PBG area. The VCSEL is thus optimized for single fundamental mode operation.

The invention relates to a combined navigation method based on polarization information. The combined navigation method comprises the following steps: firstly, checking astronomical ephemeris according to carrier positions and moments so as to obtain sun position information; secondly, measuring by using a polarization sensor so as to obtain polarization information, and measuring speed information by using a light stream sensor; thirdly, on the basis of polarization and light stream, establishing a filtering measuring model; and finally, estimating navigation error information by using a kalman filter. By adopting the combined navigation method, a linear measuring model based on single-polarization sensor is established, and the model is simple, small in filtering calculation amount, high in precision and applicable to autonomous navigation of the carrier for a relatively long time.

An optical fiber including: (i) a silica based, rare earth doped core having a first index of refraction n₁; (ii) a silica based inner cladding surrounding the core and having a second index of refraction n₂, such that n₁>n₂, said inner cladding having a plurality of air holes extending longitudinally through the length of said optical fiber; (iii) a silica based outer cladding surrounding said inner cladding and having a third index of refraction n₃, such that n₂>n₃, wherein said optical fiber supports a single polarization mode within the operating wavelength range.

The invention relates to an ultra-wide band antenna and single-polarized and dual-polarized radiating elements thereof. The dual-polarized radiating element is formed on the basis of orthogonality of two pairs of single-polarized radiating elements, wherein each single-polarized radiating element is used for transmitting and receiving a single polarized signal and comprises a reflecting plate, a pair of element arms and a feed member, the reflecting plate constitutes a reflector of the radiating element, the pair of element arms constitute a half-wave symmetrical dipole, the feed member is fixed on the reflecting plate, and a circuit for feeding the element arms is manufactured on the feed member; and each element arm is connected with the reflecting plate by at least two supporting members so as to maintain the relative positional relationship, and non-conducting media separated capacitive coupling is formed among the supporting members. The radiating elements and the ultra-wide band antenna thereof have simple structure and low manufacturing cost and can obtain good wideband characteristics.