The invention discloses a single-chain antibody of an anti-schistosome monoclonal NP11-4 as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the field of gene engineering and the field of therapeutic drugs against schistosomiasis. The invention is to use a monoclonal antibody NP11-4 located at adult membrane, cercaria memberane, schistosomulum membrane, egg shell and miracidium in egg of Schistosoma japonicum, extract total RNA of hybridoma cells through a gene engineering technology, adopt RT-PCR for proliferation of genes VH and VL, and use overlap-extension PCR to connect the genes VH and VL into a single-chain antibody gene in the form of VH<-linker-VL, which is subsequently connected with a pBAD / gIIIA carrier and cloned into Top10F'of Escherichia Coli to induce a soluble expression of the target gene. The zone from amino acid No.1 to No. 122 of the expressed single-chain antibody of the anti-schistosome monoclonal NP11-4 is a heavy chain gene repertoire of the single-chain antibody (VH), and the zone from the amino acid No.141 to No.254 is a light chain gene repertoire (VL) of the single-chain antibody, wherein the linker between the heavy and light chain gene repertoires consists of 18 amino acids including repeated glycines and serines, and the single-chain antibody has 254 amino acids in full length.