The invention relates to an automatic collecting and real-time monitoring device for schistosoma cercaria, which is formed by a water carrier, a water suction pump, an enrichment pool, an observation pool and a digital microscopy, and has the working principles that: on the basis of the water surface life habit of the schistosoma cercaria and depending on the drive action of water flow, the schistosoma cercaria is gradually conveyed and enriched into an effective observation range of the digital microscopy in the observation pool, the schistosoma cercaria entering the observation pool can be on-line observed instantly through the digital microscopy, and the states of the schistosoma cercaria can be recorded. The automatic collecting and real-time monitoring device for the schistosoma cercaria can be used for monitoring and surveying schistosoma epidemics.