The invention discloses a method of catalytic resonance scattering spectral determination of mercury by using aptamer modified nanogold, which comprises the following steps: Hg2+ aptamer ssDNA and nanogold are combined to form nanogold AussDNA modified by DNA, stable Hg2+aptamer-Hg2+compound is generated by T-T mismatching when Hg2+ and AussDNA coexist, nanogold is gathered under the action of high-concentration NaCl, redundant AussDNA in filtrate after membrane filtration is taken as a nano catalytic seed crystal to catalyze the reaction of Cu2+ and furfural so as to reduce Cu2+ into Cu+, Cu+ reacts with OH- in solution to generate CuOH, and finally generate Cu2O particles. From the above preparation method, a determined system and a reagent blank system of mercury concentration can be known, resonance scattering strength of the two systems are measured at the 605nm part, drawn into a standard curve, and then prepared into a sample detection system, a deltaI sample is solved, the mercury content in the sample is calculated on the standard curve. The invention has the advantages of high sensitivity, strong specificity, wide determination range, simple equipment, and convenient operation, is suitable for determining various samples containing mercury, and provides reliable analysis data for environment monitoring, foods, cosmetics and other fields.From the above method, a determined system and a reagent blank system of which the mercury concentration is known can be prepared, resonance scattering strength of the two systems are measured at the 605nm part and drawn into a standard curve, and then a sample detection system is prepared, delta I sample is calculated, the mercury content in the sample is calculated by the standard curve.The invention has the advantages of high sensitivity, strong specificity, wide determination range, simple equipment, and convenient operation, and is suitable for determining various samples containing mercury.