The invention discloses a composition brake shoe for a railway freight car, and a method for manufacturing the same. A friction piece of the composition brake shoe for the railway freight car is synthetised by using following materials by weight parts: 6-10 parts of nitrile rubber, 2-8 parts of modified phenolic resin, 3-6 parts of steel wool fibers, 9-16 parts of sepiolite fibers, 2-16 parts of composite mineral fibers, 5-13 parts of graphite, 0.4-2 parts of calcined bauxite, 20-24 parts of barium sulfate, 8-12 parts of potassium feldspar powder, 10-20 parts of iron powder, and 1-3 parts of additives. The friction piece of the composition brake shoe is formed through the steps of dosing, banburying or mixing, crashing, hot press molding and curing forming, and thermal processing. The composition brake shoe is capable of well satisfying various performance indexes requested in PRC (People's Republic of China) railway industrial standard TB / T2403-2010, and can be applied to railway freight cars traveling at the highest speed of 120km / h and axle load of the composition brake shoe is not greater than 25 tons; besides, the composition brake shoe has stable friction properties and excellent friction resistance, and is low in attrition to wheels and low in braking noise; and as a result, potential quality hazards ( such as brake shoe body breakage, slag and block dropping, metal inlaying and hot cracks) endangering traveling safety are fundamentally solved.