37 results about "Quantum phase transition" patented technology

A piezoelectric body contains a ferroelectric substance phase having characteristics such that, in cases where an applied electric field is increased from the time free from electric field application, phase transition of the ferroelectric substance phase to a ferroelectric substance phase of a different crystal system occurs at least two times. The piezoelectric body should preferably be actuated under conditions such that a minimum applied electric field Emin and a maximum applied electric field Emax satisfy Formula (1)wherein the electric field E 1 represents the electric field at which the first phase transition of the ferroelectric substance phase begins.

The invention relates to a method and a device which adopt steam phase changing to cooperatively remove PM2.5 and gas pollutions from a high temperature and high humidity flue gas. The invention comprises a dust catcher, a flue gas humidity regulating chamber, a condensing heat exchanger and a washing absorption tower. The method is that the flue gas enters the flue gas humidity regulating chamber after coarse dust removing in the dust catcher, and atomized hot water is sprayed to regulate the humidity of the flue gas; after humidity regulation, the flue gas is induced into the condensing heat exchanger to reach supersaturation, and the supersaturation steam takes the PM2.5 as condensing core to generate phase changing, thus increasing the granularity of the PM2.5; then the steam enters the washing absorption tower, and in the tower, the flue gas reversely contact a middle-lower temperature alkalescent washing-adsorbing liquid to be further subject to the phase changing of the steam taking PM2.5 as condensing core, and the alkalescent washing-adsorbing is adopted for removing the growing dust-drop and gas pollutions. Taking the characteristics of the high temperature and high humidity flue gas into account, the invention adopts the steam phase changing theory to lead the PM2.5 to be condensed and to grow so as not only to cooperatively remove PM2.5 and gas pollution, but to recycle the gasifying potential heat released by steam condensing and the sensible heat caused by temperature reduction of the flue gas.

This invention discloses a method for preparing water-soluble quantum dots in phase transfer condition. The water-soluble quantum dots are composed of oil-soluble quantum dots coated with amphiphilic surfactant to form a hydrophilic outer layer. The method comprises: utilizing quaternary ammonium salt amphiphilic surfactant as the phase-transfer agent, and transferring the quantum dots from oil phase to water phase. The water-soluble quantum dots have such advantages as high fluorescent intensity, narrow and symmetric fluorescent emission peak, high quantum yield, high stability, uniform dispersion and long storage life (2 months). The method has such advantages as simple process, good repeatability, and low cost. The water-soluble quantum dots can be used for biomedical analysis and detection such as fluorescent probe and cell imaging.

Deterministic generation of nonclassical photons by producing a dilute gas of exciton-polaritons in a solid-state microcavity that includes a periodic array of potential well traps. A photon-exciton frequency detuning is modulated in the microcavity to produce a polaritonic quantum phase transition from a superfluid state to a Mott-insulator state. The nonclassical photons are then generated simultaneously by radiative decay of exciton-polaritons in the microcavity. The nonclassical photons may be indistinguishable single photons, in which case the dilute gas of exciton-polaritons is produced such that on to average there is one polariton per potential well trap. Alternatively, the generated nonclassical photons may be polarization-entangled photon pairs, in which case the dilute gas of exciton-polaritons is produced such that on average there are two polaritons per potential well trap.

A method of generating motion from a cool region that is proximal to a warm region, the cool region and the warm region defining a temperature range. The method uses an article of phase change material having a warm-to-cold phase transition and a cold-to-warm phase transition, both within the temperature range. This article is exposed to the cool region, thereby causing the phase change material to change size. When the warm-to-cold phase transition is substantially complete, this is detected. In response to this detection the article is exposed to the warm region, thereby causing the phase change material to change size. When this transition is substantially complete, the cycle is restarted with exposure to the cool region.

Movement of a gel structure is propagated by successively applying external stimuli to cause volume phase transition in the gel structure by alternately causing the gel structure to collapse and swell to move the center of mass of the gel structure in the direction of successive stimuli application. The movement is mediated by confining structure for the gel and anchoring—the starting side of the gel in the swelling cycle.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide: a single fibre including a thermally responsive liquid-crystal elastomer which reversibly expands and contracts in response to heat; a filament yarn including said single fibre; and a fibre product using the single fibre or the filament yarn. This single fibre includes a thermally responsive liquid-crystal elastomer which reversibly expands and contracts using, as a boundary, a transition temperature (Ti) at which phase transition from a liquid-crystal phase to an isotropic phase or from the isotropic phase to the liquid-crystal phase occurs.

The invention discloses a measurement method for calculating a two-phase transition ratio by a thermal expansion curve. The measurement method avoids artificial subjective factor-caused influence on a tangent position and a tangent point position and especially avoids influence on a tangent point position so that the measured phase-transition temperature and the calculated two-phase transition ratio are closer to actual values. A series of measured material thermal expansion amount data changed along with temperature change before and after phase transition is subjected to data transition and differential calculation is carried out according to the thermal expansion curve so that key phase transition temperature data such as an initial temperature and an end temperature of two phase transition and thermal expansion curve slope data is determined accurately, wherein the thermal expansion curve slope data comprises thermal expansion curve slopes before and after phase transition, and the two-phase ratio is calculated by the determinated data and a phase ratio lever rule so that two-phase transition accuracy is improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of high-entropy alloys and discloses a six-element high-entropy alloy with a first-order magnetic phase transition and a preparation method thereof. The six-element high-entropy alloy with the first-order magnetic phase transition has a general formula structure of MgaMnbFecCodNieGdf and is obtained by electrochemical reduction deposition, wherein an electrolyte in the electrochemical reduction deposition comprises the following components: dimethyl sulfoxide, tetraethylammonium hexafluorophosphate, vitamin C, GdCl3, FeCl2, CoCl2, NiCl2, MnCl2 and MgCl2. The prepared alloy is an amorphous alloy, the magnetic transition of the prepared alloy is the magnetic transition caused by strong electron correlation without being restrained by the crystal form transformation of a material, and therefore, the high-entropy alloy has the advantages of large temperature range of magnetic phase transition, controllable critical transition temperature and reversibility.

The invention discloses an explosive model construction method based on equivalent radius of phase transition and fracturing of liquid carbon dioxide. The explosive model construction method includesthe steps: calculating explosion energy released when phase transition and fracturing of pseudo-equivalent single-hole liquid carbon dioxide occurs; based on the equal explosion energy, enabling the phase transition and fracturing explosion source of the single-hole liquid carbon dioxide to be equivalent to an explosive explosion source of single-hole columnar coupling charging, and determining the equivalent mass of the selected explosive type; calculating the radius of the broken zone of the coal body after phase transition and fracturing through the liquid carbon dioxide; and solving the radius of the fracture zone of the coal body after phase transition and fracturing of the liquid carbon dioxide, and obtaining the charge radius and the charge height of the equivalent explosive model according to the above steps. The explosive model constructed by the explosive model construction method has the same explosive energy as the equivalent phase transition and fracturing model of the liquid carbon dioxide, has the same range of fracturing radius, and has high operability when using the equivalent explosive model to carry out further theoretical or numerical simulation analysis on thephase transition and fracturing mechanism of the liquid carbon dioxide.

The present invention relates to a weak signal detection method based on the inverse phase transition of the Duffing oscillator, and mainly solves the technical problems that method in the prior art is complex and needs to rely on the precise critical threshold. The technical scheme of the present invention is that, by constructing two groups of detection oscillators of inverse phase transition that satisfy the specific relation, a detection array is composed, so that detection of to-be-detected signals and measurement of amplitude values are realized by collecting statistics of the number of the oscillators with or without phase transition; and according to the reference signal of the oscillators and the vector synthesis relationship among the to-be-detected signals in the array, a detection result is calculated, so that the technical problem is better solved, and the method can be applied to the detection of the amplitude of the weak sine signal with known frequency.

A calculation method for converting latent heat of phase transition of frozen soil into equivalent specific heat is provided. The method includes solving latent heat of phase transition of two adjacent temperature zones to calculate frozen soil specific heat of the two adjacent temperature zones; and on this basis, acquiring equivalent specific heat of frozen soil at a demarcation point of the twoadjacent temperature zones through a manner of averaging specific heat of the two adjacent temperature zones and adding the average value and actual specific heat of the demarcation point of the twoadjacent temperature zones. The method converting the latent heat of phase transition of frozen soil into the equivalent specific heat is provided and the method takes differences among the equivalentspecific heat, the average specific heat and the actual specific heat of the frozen soil into account. Measurement and calculation prove that the prediction precision of the method is increased by 84.7% than that of traditional methods, and therefore, the latent heat of phase transition of frozen soil can be converted into equivalent specific heat to the utmost, providing convenience for calculation of a frozen soil temperature field.

The invention provides a method for capturing and screening particle above a topological insulator substrate in a tunable manner through linearly-polarized planar optical wave, comprising the following steps: damaging the symmetric distribution of a Poynting vector around a particle, making the total Poynting vector on the particle not be zero, and producing a non-gradient optical force; and then, changing the direction and size of the total Poynting vector on the particle by changing the quantum state of a topological insulator substrate slab, further changing the direction and size of the non-gradient optical force applied by the total Poynting vector to the particle to adjust the motion trajectory of the particles in an incident light field, and then, capturing and screening nano-sized molecules attached to the surface of the particle in a tunable manner, wherein reversible quantum phase transition of the topological insulator substrate slab from topological non-mediocrity to topological mediocrity is realized by means of lighting, electrifying, heating, pressurizing, an additional magnetic field, and the like.

Various articles and devices can be manufactured to take advantage of a what is believed to be a novel thermodynamic cycle in which spontaneity is due to an intrinsic entropy equilibration. The novelthermodynamic cycle exploits the quantum phase transition between quantum thermalization and quantum localization. Preferred devices include a phonovoltaic cell, a rectifier and a conductor for use inan integrated circuit.

The invention discloses a path optimization method. The method is characterized in that the best and shortest path of large-scale destinations is calculated by a simulated annealing algorithm. According to the method and the system, the calculation time can be obviously shortened, and thus the method is relatively high in practicability and can be applied to cold atom dynamics and quantum phase transition calculation in an optical lattice, logistics distribution and other fields. The method can be applied to cold atom dynamics and quantum phase transition calculation in an optical lattice, logistics distribution and other fields, according to a three-level process algorithm, the calculation time can be obviously shortened, and thus the method is relatively high in practicability. In particular for calculation of large-scale destinations, the method is very short in calculation time and excellent in calculation effect, and thus the method is almost the unique feasible processing method.

A fractal structure is formed to have a plurality of regions different in fractal dimension characterizing the self-similarity. Especially in a stellar fractal structure, a region with a low fractal dimension is formed around a core with a high fractal dimension. By adjusting the ratios in volume of these regions relative to the entire fractal structure, the nature of phase transition occurring in the fractal structure, such as a magnetization curve of Mott transition or ferromagnetic phase transition, quantum chaos in the electron state, or the like. For enhancing the controllability, the fractal dimension of the core is preferably larger than 2.7 and the fractal dimension of the region around the core is preferably smaller than 2.3.

A high capacity nanoparticle-based covert barcode system relies on an entirely optical readout for detection. The system includes a panel of phase change nanoparticles with sharp and discrete melting peaks; readout is based on heating with an infrared source and detection using an infrared imager, and detection of their phase transition temperatures and positions. A readily detectable and sudden change in temperature occurs at the phase transition during a heating or cooling process, and can be used to indicate the identity of nanoparticles.

Various articles and devices can be manufactured to take advantage of a what is believed to be a novel thermodynamic cycle in which spontaneity is due to an intrinsic entropy equilibration. The novel thermodynamic cycle exploits the quantum phase transition between quantum thermalization and quantum localization. Preferred devices include a phonovoltaic cell, a rectifier and a conductor for use in an integrated circuit.

The invention relates to the field of materials research and provides a method for researching the phase transition of a sample under high pressure. An apparatus for researching the phase transition of a sample at high pressure comprises a laser I, a beam splitter I, a mirror I, a mirror II, a sapphire anvil, the sample, a prism, a lens I, a laser II, a lens group for eliminating phase difference,an aperture, an objective lens, a beam splitter II, an optical filter, a camera, a chopper, a pinhole diaphragm, a lens II, an optical filter set and a detector. By means of a laser heating and optical image analysis method, the heating laser and the imaging laser are respectively incident on the sample by different optical paths, the heating efficiency of the sample and the collection efficiencyof reflected light can be optimized, and the method of combining an achromatic lens with the pinhole diaphragm is used to reduce the chromatic aberration in the optical paths, improve the resolutionof the thermal radiation spectrum measured by the detector, and improve the measurement accuracy of the sample temperature. The melting temperature of the sample can be determined more accurately by quantitatively analyzing the speckle interference pattern reflected from the sample surface by two methods.

A process for electromagnetic (EM) energy-induced solid to liquid phase transitions in metals is disclosed. The method utilizes coherent EM fields to transform solid materials such as silicon and aluminum without significant detectable heat generation. The transformed material reverts to a solid form after the EM field is removed within a period of time dependent on the material and the irradiation conditions.

The invention discloses a method for measuring the influence of pH values on volume phase transitions of a composite water absorbent resin, comprising the following steps: preparing composite water absorbent resin powder for subsequent use; putting the composite water absorbent resin powder in a plurality of beakers, and adding absorbed solutions having different pH values; after the resin fully swells and absorbs water, filtering free water out; respectively calculating the volume phase transitions under different pH values by liquid level rising heights; carrying out comparison to obtain the influence of the pH values on the composite water absorbent resin volume phase transitions. According to the invention, the influence of the pH values on the volume phase transitions of the composite water absorbent resin can be measured, the measurement accuracy is high, the measurement steps are simple, the measurement cost is reduced, and a good theoretical basis to the usage of the hydrophobic high strength resin is provided.

The invention discloses a two-dimensional phase-change memory unit structure, comprising: a substrate wafer; a first insulating layer arranged above the substrate wafer, a lower electrode is arranged in the first insulating layer, and the The lower surface of the lower electrode is connected to the substrate wafer; the second insulating layer is arranged on the first insulating layer and the lower electrode; it is arranged in the second insulating layer and covers the lower electrode A phase-change structure on the surface, and the phase-change structure includes a first phase-change auxiliary layer, a phase-change material layer and a second phase-change auxiliary layer sequentially arranged above the lower electrode. The present invention also provides a method for preparing the structure. The obtained two-dimensional phase-change memory unit structure has an extremely thin phase-change material layer. When working, the phase-change material layer does not need to reach a molten state under the action of an electric field and a thermal field. The resistance value of itself can be changed by exchanging atoms with the phase-change auxiliary layer or undergoing a phase change by itself, so as to realize non-volatile storage with low energy consumption.

The invention relates to a method of electric performance surface features of phase transition material used for praparing phase transition memory. THe characteristics are: to form storage unit by probeg and phase transition material on W / SiO2 / Si substrate, the phase transmition area is occurred at contacted position of needle tip and phase transition material at first, size (vertical and horizontal) of reversible phase transition area is related to needle tip area and electric energy applied on the needle tip, the area of needle tip specify component size of the memory, the transform of phase transition material from amorphous to polycrystal is realized by I-V testing system on interface of the probe, phase transition are can be changed from small to larger until maximum saturation scale by proper voltage and current range and multioperation, it is controlled by pulse height and pulse duration of voltage pulse signal.

The invention relates to a method for tunably capturing and screening topological insulator particles above a substrate through utilizing linearly polarized planar light waves. According to the method, the topological insulator particles are arranged above the flat substrate plate; the symmetrical distribution of Poynting vectors around the topological insulator particles is destroyed, so that the total Poynting vector on the topological insulator particles is not zero, and therefore, a non-gradient optical force can be generated; the quantum state of a topological insulator is changed, so that the direction and magnitude of the total Poynting vector on the topological insulator particles can be changed, and therefore, the direction and magnitude of the non-gradient optical force which is acted on the topological insulator particles by the total Poynting vector can be changed, and as a result, the movement tracks of the topological insulator particles in an incident light field can be adjusted and controlled, and tunable capture and screening of nanoscale molecules attached to the surfaces of the topological insulator particles can be realized; and reversible quantum phase transition of the topological insulator from topological non-trivialness to topological trivialness can be realized through modes such as illumination, electrification, heating and pressurization.