580 results about "Fracture zone" patented technology

Methods and tools are described to reduce sanding including the steps of fracturing the cement sheath in a localized zone around the casing and having the fractured zone act as sand filter between the formation and openings in the casing, with the openings being best pre-formed but temporarily blocked so as to allow a conventional primary cementing of the casing. The fracturing step can also be used for remedial operation to reopen blocked formation or screens.

The invention discloses a tunnel construction method in a fault fracture zone, which comprises the following steps: a. adopting the method of combining geophysical prospecting and drilling and combining long-distance and short-distance to ascertain the geological situation in front, and carry out advanced geological prediction; b. adopting advanced Anchor construction, pre-grouting construction of the surrounding walls of small conduits in advance, and advance support construction of grouting pipe shed and steel frame, and advance pre-support; c. Tunnel excavation and support. It provides a theoretical basis for detecting the specific location, range and water inflow of the fault fracture zone; ensures the safety of tunnel construction; on the basis of analyzing the specific location and scope of the fault fracture zone and adopting a reasonable advanced pre-support method, comprehensive and specific According to the geological conditions, choose a reasonable tunnel excavation method. It has strong applicability for the construction of expressway tunnels crossing fault fracture zones; at the same time, it has reference and reference significance for the construction of railway, municipal and water conservancy tunnels (holes) with similar geological conditions.

Methods and tools are described to reduce sanding including the steps of fracturing the cement sheath in a localized zone around the casing and having the fractured zone act as sand filter between the formation and openings in the casing, with the openings being best pre-formed but temporarily blocked so as to allow a conventional primary cementing of the casing. The fracturing step can also be used for remedial operation to reopen blocked formation or screens.

The present application is directed to devices and methods for treating vertebral fractures with one or more bone pins. In one embodiment of a method, a fractured vertebral body may be accessed through a pedicle portion and an opening may be created therethrough. One or more bone pins may be inserted through the opening. In one embodiment, at least one of the inserted bone pins is inserted to extend across a fracture zone with a proximal portion of the pin engaging a first bone segment and a distal portion engaging a second bone segment. The pin or pins may be manipulated to immobilize the first and second portions of the fractured vertebra.

A method for producing viscous hydrocarbon formations involves the use of a downhole burner. The well undergoes a mild hydraulic fracturing process that limits the fractured zone to a relatively small dimension so as to avoid intersecting any drainage zones of adjacent wells. The operator pumps fuel, steam and oxygen to the burner, which bums the fuel, causing the flow of hot, gaseous fluids into the fractured zone. The steam delivered from the surface cools the burner and becomes superheated as it enters the fractured zone. The operator allows the fractured zone to soak, then produces the oil. After the production declines, the operator may repeat the fracturing to incrementally increase the fractured zone, then repeat the injection and soak cycles.

The invention discloses a treatment method for fault fracture zone collapse in the tunnel construction process. The method includes the steps that firstly, arch reinforcement is conducted on every two adjacent surrounding rocks in a collapse segment; secondly, a collapse body is removed, and concrete is jetted to the collapse tunnel face after the collapse body is removed to close the collapse segment; thirdly, a lifting jack acts on the four corners of each bottom of racks of formworks, the interval identical to the width of a steel arch is reserved between the formworks, formwork erection is conducted in time, and the formworks and the steel arch jointly form a supporting layer; fourthly, through holes reserved in the formworks in advance, an arch apex concrete layer is formed in a high-pressure grouting mode, and small grouting guide pipes are punched into arch springs and the side walls of the steel arch; fifthly, the front end of a bottom die composed of the formworks and the steel arch is grouted and reinforced through the small guide pipes, operation of the next construction circulation stage of the collapse segment is conducted, and the first step, the second step, the third step and the fourth step are specifically repeated; sixthly, after second circulation is finished, supports of arch protecting layer concrete are formed through conveying ports embedded through the second step.

The invention discloses a flooding damage control method for water-diversion fracture main channels of drill-hole-grouting plugged overburden rock. The method comprises the steps: collecting surface-drilling columnar data of all coal mining areas according to development characteristics of altitude of water-diversion fractured zones of overburden rock mined under specific mining conditions, determining stratum positions of all key strata in the overburden rock by adopting a key stratum position distinguishing method, then, determining development altitude of a water-diversion fractured zone of each area and areas of distribution of communicating strata and water-bearing strata of each area by an overburden rock water-diversion fractured zone altitude prediction method, finally, laying out the range of distribution of the water-diversion fracture main channels in areas of the communicating water-bearing strata of the water-diversion fractured zones. and determining a grouting drilling type and drilling construction parameters according to borehole tunnel positions, coal bed cover depth and ground drill distribution conditions; after drilling construction is completed, pumping slurry to areas of the water-diversion fracture main channels so as to plug water-diversion fracture channels. The flooding damage control method for the water-diversion fracture main channels of the drill-hole-grouting plugged overburden rock, disclosed by the invention, is determined, can adapt to different mining conditions and can provide a guarantee for water resource protection, flooding damage control and the like of coal mining of mining areas, the use method is reliable, and the practicability is high.

Apparatus and method are provided for diverting treatment fluids in wells. Sliding sleeves or valves are sequentially opened by dropping balls that may be of uniform size. Opening of one valve moves a collet into position such that the same size ball can be used to open a second valve. Any selected number of valves can be opened with the same size balls. Systems using the valves are also disclosed, along with methods for operating.

The invention discloses a tubal curtain advanced support constructing method for a deep mine roadway of a coal mine passing through a fault fracture zone. The method comprises the following steps: A, constructing an initial workshop and a receiving workshop at two ends of the fault fracture zone respectively; B, reinforcing roadways of the initial workshop and the receiving workshop by adopting astepwise combined support scheme; C, reinforcing by adopting advanced grouting according to the lithologic fracture condition of the opening; D, jacking steel tubes to the receiving workshop through the fault fracture zone from the initial workshop sequentially according to round or elliptical fracture surfaces by utilizing a soft rock tube push bench; E, in a process of jacking the steel tube, injecting a drag-reducing and lubricating material through an annular grouting system which is preset in the tube, and injecting plain concrete in the steel tube to form a tubal curtain protector; and F, performing subsequent excavation support on the roadway in the tubal curtain body after the concrete in the tube reaches a designing age. The method is simple, safe and reliable, has remarkable effect for safe excavation on a roadway with fracture densely distributed zone which has high stress, is soft to fracture and developed in fissure water.

The invention discloses a volcanic zone fault sealing comprehensive evaluation method specifically based on Karamay oilfield volcanic rock development area. A volcanic zone fault sealing forming mechanism is mainly lithologic opposition and diagenesis. A lithologic opposition characteristic can be reflected in the aspect of the difference between the density of rock stratums on both sides. The diagenesis of a fault zone is affected by cross section pressure, closeness and the like. Through the filling of argillaceous debris and the injection of late fluid, the fault zone is strongly closed. According to the invention, a concept model of fault plane density difference is established; a variety of parameters (cross section normal stress, closeness index and the like) are combined to evaluate diagenesis closeness and docking closeness; closeness influence factors are induced; a weight factor is proposed; through a weight coefficient, a mathematical model is built to acquire a comprehensive factor; and the fault sealing is comprehensively evaluated. According to the invention, a variety of geological factors are considered; accurate requirements of fault sealing quantitative evaluation can be met; and the method can be widely applied to the field of oil and gas resource geological exploration and development evaluation.

The invention discloses a water conservation method for overlying strata water flowing fracture main channel through ground horizontal directional drilling grouting and sealing, which is suitable forthe technical field of water resource conservation in coal mining and mine water damage prevention and control. The method includes the following steps: firstly obtaining development characteristic information of the mined height of the overlying strata water flowing fractured zone in a tested area under specific mining conditions; then according to the development characteristic information, determining the distribution range of an aquiclude area of the overlying strata water flowing fractured zone communication stratum corresponding to the water flowing fracture main channel in the tested area; lastly, after determining position and orientation of the water flowing fracture main channel, constructing horizontal directional drilling on the ground and grouting and sealing the water flowingfracture main channel, thereby achieving the goal of reducing water conductivity of the fracture and conserving groundwater resources. The water conservation method has the advantages of simple steps, reliable effect and strong practicability.

A method for obtaining information about a hydraulic fracturing operation in a fracture zone in a well, comprises a) providing at least one acoustic sensor in the well and at least one acoustic source, b) injecting fracturing fluid into the well so as to cause fractures in a fracture zone in the surrounding formation, c) using the acoustic source to send an acoustic signal and using the acoustic receiver to receive the signal, d) repeating step c) at least once, and e) processing the received signals using a microprocessor so as to obtain information about the fractures. The source may be at the earth's surface or in a second well. Step e) may comprise measuring first-arriving acoustic waves or measuring reflected or diffracted acoustic waves. The information gained in step e) may be used to control the injection of fracturing fluid or detect out-of-zone water injection.

A wellbore plug isolation system and method for positioning plugs to isolate fracture zones in a horizontal, vertical, or deviated wellbore is disclosed. The system / method includes a wellbore casing laterally drilled into a hydrocarbon formation, a wellbore setting tool (WST) that sets a large inner diameter (ID) restriction sleeve member (RSM), and a restriction plug element (RPE). The WST is positioned along with the RSM at a desired wellbore location. After the WST sets and seals the RSM, a conforming seating surface (CSS) is formed in the RSM. The CSS is shaped to engage / receive RPE deployed into the wellbore casing. The engaged / seated RPE isolates heel ward and toe ward fluid communication of the RSM to create a fracture zone. The RPE's are removed or left behind prior to initiating well production without the need for a milling procedure. A large ID RSM diminishes flow constriction during oil production.

The invention discloses a determination method of deep tunnel roof support forms and support depth, which comprises the steps of using an intelligent drill imager to measure inner wall lithology of different depth drill holes, fracture distribution and images and data of abscission layer consitions, treating data and image edit, achieving the alternate interval attitudes and space distribution conditions of wall rock inner fracture zones and intact zones of each drill hole, and adopting anchor rods, anchor ropes or unite support forms and depth of anchor rods and anchor ropes under the conditions of construction zones with different thickness. When the support depth of anchor rods and anchor cables is designed in the invention, completely scientific bases are achieved to support parameters to be more economic and rational, and the best support effect can be achieved under the most economic conditions. The invention can scientifically and quantitatively determine anchoring forms of deep tunnels and length of top plate anchor rods and anchor cables, can achieve the deep high-stress tunnel anchoring support quantitative design, and guarantee the top plate safety of deep tunnels to be provided with important promotion value.

An overburden water flowing fractured zone observation system comprises a drilling machine, a detection drilling device and a water-injection control section, wherein the detection drilling device comprises a drilling bit, a drilling rod and a connection handle, and the detection drilling device can be connected with the drilling machine through the connection handle; the detection drilling device further comprises plugging capsules, connectors and water inlet pipes, and the water inlet pipes can be connected with a hose connection of the water-injection control section. According to the overburden water flowing fractured zone observation system, the detection drilling device is directly arranged on the drilling machine which is used to send the detection device to a targeted position, accordingly, time saving and labor saving are achieved; a control system of the drilling machine is used to control the drilling of the detection drilling device, the controllability is good, the numerical value is accurate and the position error caused by manually placing the detection device is avoided; and with two pipes used for water injection and less water flowing out, the leakage is accurately recorded.

The invention discloses a method for estimating the development height of an overlying strata water flowing fractured zone of solid filling and coal mining. The method comprises the following steps: establishing a solid filling and coal mining numerical value model by using finite element analysis software according to the collected engineering geological condition information of a filling and coal mining working surface and the physical and mechanical parameters of coal-rock mass obtained by a rock mechanics experiment; simulating the height of an overlying strata plastic region under the conditions that the mining height M and the fullness ratio are changed, then simulating the height of the overlying strata plastic region under the conditions that the fullness ratio is unchanged and the mining height M is changed, and determining the height of the plastic region to be the development height H of the water flowing fractured zone; on the basis of the simulating result, performing multiple regression to obtain a relational expression of the fullness ratio mining height M and the development height H of the water flowing fractured zone; according to the actual engineering parameters of filling and coal mining, designing the actual mining height Mc of the fullness ratio and calculating the development height Hc of the overlying strata water flowing fractured zone. The method provides a reference for accurate estimation of the development height of the overlying strata water flowing fractured zone of the solid filling and coal mining, and provides a theoretical reference for safety mining of a coal seam under a water-bearing layer.

The invention relates to the technical field of an underground water seal cave depot, in particular to a design method for a water curtain system of an underground water seal cave depot. The method comprises the steps: designing a water curtain roadway after the completion of the design of a main chamber and the design of a traffic roadway; designing a horizontal water direction curtain hole and a vertical direction water curtain hole; carrying out construction reconnaissance on the development condition of a fault fracture zone; after the excavation forming of the water curtain roadway, designing a preprocessing scheme to weak rock mass in the main chamber; carrying out a backup flooding test to all water curtain holes of the roadway after the completion of all water curtain holes of some water curtain roadway; and designing a blocking scheme to seepage channels discovered. According to the design method provided by the invention, the depth of the horizontal direction water curtain hole can be greatly reduced, and the pore-forming construction difficulty is low; furthermore, the preliminary grouting is injected to the weak rock mass in the main chamber through the water curtain roadway, so as to be beneficial for ensuring the construction progress and reducing the construction risk; furthermore, the grouting can be injected to the seepage channels for blocking, and the loss of underground water can be prevented or reduced when the main chamber is excavated, so as to ensure the water seal environment all around the main chamber.

The present application is directed to devices and methods for treating vertebral fractures with one or more bone pins. In one embodiment of a method, a fractured vertebral body may be accessed through a pedicle portion and an opening may be created therethrough. One or more bone pins may be inserted through the opening. In one embodiment, at least one of the inserted bone pins is inserted to extend across a fracture zone with a proximal portion of the pin engaging a first bone segment and a distal portion engaging a second bone segment. The pin or pins may be manipulated to immobilize the first and second portions of the fractured vertebra.

The invention discloses a hole multi-functionalization method for realizing water damage prevention and surface settlement control through a surface borehole and belongs to the coal mine green miningtechnical field. According to a grouting filling method, a single ground grouting borehole is formed downward from the ground; overlying rock located at different horizons are grouted through the grouting borehole; grouting horizons in a curved sunk zone include a low-bed-separation horizon and a high-bed-separation horizon; overlying rock fractures in a fracture zone are grouted, so that a water-blocking layer can be formed to cut off a water bursting channel of underground bed separation water damage, and therefore, secondary roof water damage can be prevented; a larger proportion of grout is adopted as the filling material of the low-bed-separation horizon so as to form a high-volume-weight rock stratum filling body; and filling bodies formed by the low-bed-separation horizon and the high-bed-separation horizon in the curved sunk zone together act on the control of surface subsidence. According to the method of the invention, a multi-horizon grouting filling project is realized through the same grouting borehole, and therefore, the utilization rate of the borehole is high, cost is low, a filling rate is improved, the subsidence-reducing rate of the surface settlement is improved, and roof water damage prevention and control is achieved.

The invention relates to an application of a non-coal pillar roadway layout in the under-protected stratum exploitation. The non-coal pillar roadway layout comprises a stagger arrangement or gob-side entry driving roadway layout, the non-coal pillar roadway layout is adopted in the under-protected stratum exploitation of a dynamic disaster coal stratum, and a coal pillar supporting overlying strata between adjacent work surfaces is removed, so the inclined continuous recovery of a stope is realized; and a fracture zone above the stope ascends and the arrangement of the protected coal stratum in the fracture zone descends with the increase of the exploitation range, so the application range of the under-protected stratum exploitation is widened, the mining is full, the destressing effect is obvious, and the protected stratum is not influenced by the installation of the coal pillar in the protected stratum, thereby the safe and economic exploitation of the protected stratum is realized.

The invention discloses a side slope stability prediction method under an earthquake effect. The method comprises the following steps of 1, stability influence factor determination of a side slope to be predicted wherein 6 influence factors comprises 4 internal factors and 2 external factors; the 4 internal factors are a geological condition of the side slope to be predicted, a slope angle A, a slope height H and a fracture zone distance R; the 2 external factors are a rainfall intensity and an earthquake intensity s of an area of the side slope to be predicted; 2, side slope stability influence index assignment: carrying out assignment on 6 side slope stability influence indexes of the side slope to be predicted respectively; 3, slope stability influence integration index value calculation of the side slope to be predicted: calculating the stability influence integration index value H of the side slope to be predicted according to the 6 side slope stability influence indexes; 4, stability prediction of the side slope to be predicted. Steps of the method in the invention are simple, the design is reasonable and realization is convenient. A usage effect is good. A prediction process of side slope stability under the earthquake effect can be simply and rapidly completed and prediction precision is high.

The invention relates to a construction method for a coal mine downhole mining gas extraction roof plate pitch-up through stratum directional hole. By using a drill site in a tunneled air inlet roadway of a working face adjacent to a working face to be mined, equipment such as pilot directional drill tools and impact composite reaming drill tools, a multi-stage revolving reaming process, a sliding directional drilling process, a composite directional drilling process and an impact composite reaming process, the roof plate pitch-up through stratum directional hole is obtained. The roof plate pitch-up through stratum directional hole enters a roof plate mining fissure zone and a separation area in advance and extends for a long distance at a large diameter. After drilling construction and during recovery of the working face to be extracted, an upward fracture formed in a roof plate stratum under the influence of mining communicates with the roof plate pitch-up through stratum directional hole, gas generated during mining enters the roof plate pitch-up through stratum directional hole, and therefore extraction and use of mining gas is realized. The defects that an existing mining gas extraction drilling hole is small in aperture, the extension distance of a fracture zone is short, the drilling efficiency is low, the cost is high, and the construction period is long are overcome, and the mining gas extraction effect is improved.

The invention relates to a method for determining loosening blasting danger-relieving range of coal beds with rock burst, the method including: (1) theoretical calculation: calculating the specific drilling diameter and the fracture zone diameter on the condition of specific explosive parameters in accordance with site information and experience formulas, primarily determining the radius r of blasting pressure relief; (2) numerical simulation: simulating the drilling diameter and the fracture zone diameter on the condition of explosive parameters, which are identical to those in the theoretical calculation, by LS-DYNA dynamic simulation software and studying the influence of the blasting of the two drilling holes on the fracture zone and the distribution radius r; (3) on-site ultra-sonic test of the blasting fracture zone and verification.

The conventional coal mining technology employs roadway type high fall type coal mining, so mass empty roadways are left in a resource integration mine residual mining zone, wherein most roadways have roof caving problems, thus forming falling waste roadways; when the working face backstopping to penetrate the waste roadways, wall caving and roof caving can easily happen; a grouting reinforcing scheme must be taken to control top board accidents, yet the falling fracture zone is hard in drilling, and easy to leak slurry; the coal mine residual mining zone falling waste roadway grouting reinforcing technology and method uses a novel dual-liquid inorganic grouting material with a large water cement ratio adjustable scope, and employs the graded pore-forming and insert tube grouting technology so as to solve the jamming, hole collapse, and slurry leaking problems in the waste roadway falling fracture zone drilling grouting work, thus preventing working surface exploitation wall caving and roof caving problems; in addition, the method is simple in construction technology, obvious in effect, and wide in practicality.

The invention provides a water diversion fracture zone height estimating method. The water diversion fracture zone height estimating method comprises the steps of firstly adopting a key layer position judgment method to confirm positions of key layers in overlying rocks by collecting surface drilling columnar information of the working face to be judged according to structural features of an overlying rock layer on a stope under the specific mining conditions; secondarily analyzing the ratios of the key layers to a coal seam separation distance and coal seam mining height to judge whether the key layer breakage gaps are through or not; the judging the development height of a water diversion fracture zone to terminate a bottom boundary of the key layer with non-through crack firstly occurring from bottom to top, and judging that the development height of the water diversion fracture zone extends to a top boundary of a bed rock if the breakage gaps of the existing main key layer in the judgment process is also through. The water diversion fracture zone height estimating method is used for roof water burst disaster prevention and control practice of coal mines, has high practicability, can adapt to the water diversion fracture zone height under different mining thickness conditions and meanwhile can perform judgment on the water diversion fracture zone height abnormal development situation caused by overlying rock key layer structure change.

A transfer-enabling apparatus, produced by a method of manufacturing, includes a substrate patterned with islands separated by trenches and an epitaxial layer, grown at least on the islands, providing semiconductor dice in such a configuration partially released from said substrate and suspended over the substrate, and interconnected, by anchors of epitaxial or other material that are attached to the substrate. The anchors are of width less than or equal to than the semiconductor dice and define fracture zones at connections of the anchors with the semiconductor dice.

A wellbore plug isolation system and method for positioning plugs to isolate fracture zones in a horizontal, vertical, or deviated wellbore is disclosed. The system / method includes a wellbore casing laterally drilled into a hydrocarbon formation, a wellbore setting tool (WST) that sets a large inner diameter (ID) restriction sleeve member (RSM), and a restriction plug element (RPE). The RPE includes a first composition and a second composition that changes phase or strength under wellbore conditions. After a stage is perforated, RPEs are deployed to isolate toe ward pressure communication. The second composition changes phase to create flow channels in the RPE during production. In an alternate system / method, the second composition changes phase or strength thereby deforming the RPE to reduce size and pass through the RSM's. The RPEs are removed or left behind prior to initiating well production without the need for a milling procedure.

The invention belongs to the field of tunnel engineering, and particularly relates to a tunnel excavation method for extending the existing single-hole tunnel into a double-arch tunnel. The method comprises the following steps of: constructing mid-boards on a plurality of cross sections in the existing tunnel; after the mid-boards are constructed, filling a cavity on one side of the existing tunnel; excavating a side wall guide hole of a newly-constructed tunnel on the other side of the existing tunnel; excavating a middle soil body; after the second lining of the side tunnel is constructed, excavating a cavity on the other side; excavating a guide hole on the other side while excavating filling in the existing tunnel; after excavation, removing a lining and constructing the second lining; and excavating two caverns at a certain interval, wherein the interval is determined according to the diameter of a single hole of the double-arch tunnel. A newly-constructed cavern is excavated by excavating the side wall guide hole, constructing a temporary support, excavating the middle soil body, removing the temporary support and constructing the second lining of the tunnel in turn. Before the newly-constructed cavern is excavated, the other side of the existing tunnel opposite to the cavern to be excavated is filled, and a filled part is removed during excavation of the side cavern. Due to the consideration of the disturbance of excavation on enclosing rock, the excavation time and the space effect and under the assistance of a pre-supporting measure, the excavation method is suitable for extending tunnels under poor geological conditions such as soft soil layers, fracture zones and the like. The excavation method has the advantages of easiness and convenience in implementing and small quantity of procedures, the disturbance of enclosing rock can be reduced, and the construction period is reduced.

The invention relates to the technical field of underground engineering construction, and discloses an upper-blocking and lower-draining construction method for an undersea tunnel fault fracture zone. The method comprises the following steps of: rapidly grouting the upper half section of a tunnel for reinforcing, forming inspection holes according to 3-5 percent of number of grouting holes, drilling drainage inspection holes on the lower half section of the tunnel, and excavating and supporting on the upper half section of the tunnel when the maximum water inflow of a single inspection hole is lower than a predetermined standard; and rapidly excavating on the lower half section of the tunnel, and enclosing the initial support of the tunnel into a ring in time to safely and smoothly pass through the fault fracture zone and ensure that the tunnel is free from leakage basically. The construction method is suitable for an undersea tunnel fault fracture zone or a broken rock stratum developed from a water-rich crack; and construction is performed in an enclosed structure, so that the safety of tunnel excavation construction is ensured, the work amount of drilling, grouting, reinforcing and blocking water is reduced, and the requirement of drainage prevention is met. The construction method has the advantages of high construction efficiency, low cost and contributes to saving investment and time for successful building of the tunnel.