1526 results about "Pentene" patented technology

The present invention is directed to a method for preparing renewable and relatively high purity p-xylene from biomass. For example, biomass treated to provide a fermentation feedstock is fermented with a microorganism capable of producing a C₄ alcohol such as isobutanol, then sequentially dehydrating the isobutanol in the presence of a dehydration catalyst to provide a C₄ alkene such as isobutylene, dimerizing the C₄ alkene to a form one or more C₈ alkenes such as 2,4,4-trimethylpentenes or 2,5-dimethylhexene, then dehydrocyclizing the C₈ alkenes in the presence of a dehydrocyclization catalyst to selectively form renewable p-xylene in high overall yield. The p-xylene can then be oxidized to form terephthalic acid or terephthalate esters.

Saturated and unsaturated compounds having sweet, salt or umami taste enhancement qualities. The compounds have the structure:

where R¹═H or methyl;

• R² is selected from the group consisting of H, C1-C4 alkyl, alkenyl and methylene;
• R³ is selected from the group consisting of H, C1-C8 straight or branched chain alkyl, alkenyl, dienalkyl or phenyl;
• or if R¹═H, R² and R³ taken together can represent

cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexyl, or cyclohexenyl;

R⁴ is selected from the group consisting of H, methyl and ethyl;

R⁵ is selected from the group consisting of H, methyl and ethyl;

R⁶ is selected from the group consisting of H, C1-C9 straight or branched chain alkyl, alkenyl, alkyldienyl, acyclic or containing no more than one ring;

with the proviso that in structure 1 when R⁴ is H or Me; and

R⁵═H or methyl, R⁶ may be selected from the group described above or phenyl.

The invention is for a process for producing propylene and hexene (along with ethylene, pentenes, product butenes, heptenes and octenes) by metathesis from butenes (iso-, 1- and cis and trans 2-) and pentenes and then aromatizing the hexenes (along with higher olefins, such as heptenes and octenes) to benzene (along with toluene, xylenes, ethylbenzene and styrene). Since the desired products of the metathesis reaction are propylene and hexene, the feed to the metathesis reaction has a molar ratio for 1-butene:2-butene which favors production of propylene and 3-hexene with the concentration of hexenes and higher olefins in the metathesis product being up to 30 mole %. An isomerization reactor may be used to obtain the desired molar ratio of 1-butene:2-butene for the feed composition into the metathesis reactor. After the metathesis reaction, of hexene and higher olefins are separated for aromatization to benzene and other aromatics.

The invention relates to a high slump retaining type polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent with a sustained-release effect and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: preserving 5-30 mol% of monomer A, 30-60 mol% of monomer B, 20-55 mol% of monomer C at 60-80 DEG C for 1-3 h under the effect of an initiator, a chain transfer agent and a polymerization inhibitor; copolymerizing the monomers to obtain a polymer with molecular weight of 30000-100000; and then adding alkali to neutralize the polymer, wherein the total amount of the monomers A, B and C is 100 mol%; the monomer C comprises a slump retaining auxiliary 1 and a slump retaining auxiliary 2 according to a mol ratio of 1:20-13:20; the monomer A is isopentene alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, allyl polyethylene glycol, 1-methyl-2-allyl polyethylene glycol or allyl poly diglycidyl ether with polymerization degree n of 20-60; and the monomer B is acrylic acid or methacrylic acid. The high slump retaining type polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent with the sustained-release effect, provided by the invention, has the advantages of excellent slump retaining property, substantially no loss for slump degree within 3 h and wide applicability.

This disclosure relates to substantially atactic polymers of at least one of propylene, 1-butene or 1-pentene, processes for making such polymers and compositions including the polymers. The polymers may be used as lubricants or may be combined with low viscosity base stocks to form lubricants. The polymers may be made in the presence of a metallocene catalyst with a non-coordinating anion activator and optionally with hydrogen.

The present invention provides a 4-methyl-1-pentene/α-olefin copolymer being excellent in lightness, stress absorption, stress relaxation, vibration damping properties, scratch resistance, abrasion resistance, toughness, mechanical properties and flexibility, having no stickiness during molding operation and being excellent in the balance among these properties; a composition comprising the polymer; and uses thereof. The 4-methyl-1-pentene/α-olefin copolymer (A) of the present invention satisfies specific requirements, and comprises 5 to 95 mol % of a structural unit (i) derived from 4-methyl-1-pentene, 5 to 95 mol % of a structural unit (ii) derived from at least one kind of α-olefin selected from α-olefins having 2 to 20 carbon atoms excluding 4-methyl-1-pentene and 0 to 10 mol % of a structural unit (iii) derived from a non-conjugated polyene, provided that the total of the structural units (i), (ii), and (iii) is 100 mol %.

A process is described for preparing 3-pentenenitrile, characterized by the following process steps:

• (a) reacting 1,3-butadiene with hydrogen cyanide over at least one catalyst to obtain a stream 1 which comprises 3-pentenenitrile, 2-methyl-3-butenenitrile, the at least one catalyst and 1,3-butadiene,
• (b) distilling stream 1 in a column to obtain a high-1,3-butadiene stream 2 as the top product and a low-1,3-butadiene stream 3 as the bottom product which comprises 3-pentenenitrile, the at least one catalyst and 2-methyl-3-butenenitrile,
• (c) distilling stream 3 in a column to obtain a stream 4 as the top product which comprises 1,3-butadiene, a stream 5 which comprises 3-pentenenitrile and 2-methyl-3-butenenitrile at a side draw of the column, and a stream 6 as the bottom product which comprises the at least one catalyst,
• (d) distilling stream 5 to obtain a stream 7 as the top product which comprises 2-methyl-3-butenenitrile, and a stream 8 as the bottom product which comprises 3-pentenenitrile.

The present invention provides a system, method and catalyst for olefin hydration. The method includes hydrating the olefin using a base treated, sulfonated, halogenated and acid regenerated thermally stable catalyst. In several variants, the olefin hydration comprises butene hydration, propene hydration, hydration of cyclohexene, propylene hydration, pentene hydration, hexene hydration, and heptene hydration. The present invention also provides a method of making a catalyst for olefin hydration, and provides alcohols manufactured by the catalyst(s), systems and methods described herein.

The invention relates to a process for production of propylene in particular from a C4 and/or C5 cut from steam cracking and/or catalytic cracking, preferably comprising both butenes and pentenes, said process comprising at least one oligomerization stage, followed by a stage of catalytic cracking of the oligomers formed. Preliminary oligomerization, in particular of a wide fraction of the charge, makes it possible to optimize the yields, the conversion, and the selectivity for propylene, relative to direct cracking. It also makes it possible for cracking to be carried out in a fixed, moving, or fluidized bed, optionally with co-production of oligomers for uses other than the production of propylene.

Azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions are disclosed. The azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions are mixtures of E-1,1,1,4,4,5,5,5-Octafluoro-2-pentene with methyl formate, n-pentane, 2-methylbutane, 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane, trans-1,2-dichloroethylene, 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane, dimethoxymethane, cyclopentane or Z-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene. Also disclosed is a process of preparing a thermoplastic or thermoset foam by using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions as blowing agents. Also disclosed is a process of producing refrigeration by using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions. Also disclosed is a process of using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions as solvents. Also disclosed is a process of producing an aerosol product by using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions as propellants. Also disclosed is a process of using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions as heat transfer media. Also disclosed is a process of extinguishing or suppressing a fire by using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions. Also disclosed is a process of using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions as dielectrics. Also disclosed is a process for the separation of a chemical compound from a mixture of two or more chemical compounds using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions.

Gas oil components, coking process recycle, and heavier hydrocarbons are cracked or coked in the coking vessel by injecting an additive into the vapors of traditional coking processes in the coking vessel. The additive contains catalyst(s), seeding agent(s), excess reactant(s), quenching agent(s), carrier(s), or any combination thereof to modify reaction kinetics to preferentially crack or coke these components. Modifications of the catalysts in the additive improve performance for certain desired outcomes. One exemplary embodiment of the present invention uses the olefin production capabilities from newly developed catalysts to increase the production of light olefins (e.g. ethylene, propylenes, butylenes, pentenes) for alkylation process unit feed, the production of oxygenates, and petrochemical feedstocks, such as plastics manufacture. Another exemplary embodiment of the present invention is the use of the olefin production from newly developed catalysts to improve the coker naphtha quality. A third exemplary embodiment of the present invention uses the cracking characteristics of newly developed catalysts to optimize the production of light gas oils, naphtha, and gases from the coking process.

The present invention relates to the hemisulfate salt of 1-[4(S)-azido-2(S),3(R)-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)-1(R)-cyclopentyl]cytosine (Ia) with improved stability and physical properties which facilitate manufacturing, handling and formulating I and polymorphic crystalline forms thereof.