A vertical oil-water separation device, comprising an upper head, a cylinder body, a lower head, a sight glass S1, a sight glass S2, an emptying port N1, a feed port N2, an oil outlet N3, a water outlet N4, and an upper seal The head, cylinder body and lower head enclose a closed container. It also includes an oil-water separation assembly, the oil-water separation assembly is located in the cylinder, including a bottom plate, a distance tube, a tie rod, a nut, a handle, a cap top plate, a cap, and a supporting rib plate, and a guide hole is opened in the center of the bottom plate , a number of round holes are evenly opened around the guide hole, a cap is arranged above the round hole, and a top plate of the cap is welded on the top of the cap; there are tie rod holes on the edge of the bottom plate, which run through the tie rod holes from the top bottom plate to the bottom bottom plate There is a pull rod, and the outside of the pull rod is covered with a distance tube. The vertical oil-water separation device is based on the principle of gravity sedimentation and adopts new coalescence components, which has the characteristics of low energy consumption and pressure loss, large processing capacity, high separation efficiency and long service life.