The invention discloses an automatic limb fracture reduction method and an automatic limb fracture reduction system. The automatic limb fracture reduction method comprises the steps that tomoscan is conducted on the fractured part of a patient through X rays, fracture information is obtained through a detector matched with the X rays, a digital-to-analog converter is used for converting the fracture information into digital quantity, and the digital quantity is made to form an image matrix through a computer; denoising, enhancement, restoration, segmentation and feature extraction are conducted on the image matrix, so that a second-level image is formed; binaryzation and edge extraction are conducted on the second-level image, so that approximation of a contour line is realized, and a third-level image is formed; the third-level image is vectorized, and a three-dimensional model is reconstructed; fitting is conducted according to the edge curve of the fractured part in the three-dimensional model, and a three-dimensional movement trajectory required by fracture reduction is determined through the computer; traction reduction is conducted on the fractured part through a traction machine under the control of the computer. By means of the automatic limb fracture reduction method and the automatic limb fracture reduction system, the fracture reduction difficulty is lowered to a great extent, and mechanical reduction accuracy is improved.