The invention relates to a synthesis method of a barbitone drug intermediate diethyl diethylmalonate, which comprises the following steps: adding 1.13 mol of ethanolamine and 0.5 mol of cuprous chloride into a reaction vessel, controlling the stirring rate at 130-160 rpm until the ethanolamine is completely dissolved, dropwisely adding 0.65 mol of diethyl malonate within 2-3 hours, heating the solution to 70-75 DEG C, keeping the heating state for 50-70 minutes, cooling to precipitate a solid, dropwisely adding 1.1-1.3 mol of ethylamine within 2-3 hours, keeping the reflux state for 4-5 hours, adding 300ml of potassium chloride solution, cooling the solution to 5-8 DEG C, extracting with cyclohexane 3-5 times, merging the extracting solutions, washing with a salt solution, dehydrating with a dehydrating agent, distilling to remove the cyclohexane, distilling under reduced pressure, collecting the 185-195-DEG C fraction, and recrystallizing in acetonitrile to obtain the crystal diethyl diethylmalonate, wherein the mass percent of the potassium chloride solution is 15-20%, the mass percent of the cyclohexane is 80-85%, and the salt solution is any one of sodium nitrate and potassium sulfate.