The invention discloses a straw type agricultural waste crushing and composting integral control device which comprises a material composting chamber, a straw crushing device, a temperature oxygen control system, a humidity control system and a discharge system, wherein a feeding hole, a measuring hole and a standby hole are formed in the material composting chamber; a groove is formed in the bottom of the material compositing chamber; the upper part of the material compositing chamber is connected with the straw crushing device; the lower part of the material compositing chamber is connectedwith a micro-pore net, a porous plate and a cold-hot air mixing chamber; the straw crushing device comprises a feeding driving motor and double mixing blades; the temperature oxygen control system comprises a temperature measurer, an oxygen measurer, a temperature oxygen cascade control system, an air blower, a hot resistance wire, an air tube, a hot air chamber, a bypass cold air valve, a rotor flowmeter and a cold-hot air mixing chamber; an air tube hole is formed beside the cold-hot air mixing chamber; a percolate discharge hole is formed in the lower part of the cold-hot air mixing chamber; the humidity control system comprises a humidity measurer, a spraying device, a straight-in single-base valve and a humidity controller; the discharge system comprises a discharge groove, a discharge driving motor, rolling wheels, a discharge hole and a push-pull type baffle plate. The invention further discloses two straw type agricultural waste crushing and composting methods of fixed value continuous control and programmed control. By adopting the device, automatic material feeding and discharge, automatic crushing and composting fermentation can be implemented in the straw type agricultural waste treatment process, automatic control on humidity, temperatures and oxygen in the composting process can be achieved, the labor and materials can be saved, meanwhile, the compositing time ofagricultural wastes can be shortened, and composting conditions can be optimized.