The invention discloses a novel hybrid vertical / short take-off and landing (V / STOL) unmanned aerial vehicle, aiming at solving the problems of complicated structure, high cost and the like of the existing aerial vehicles. The unmanned aerial vehicle comprises a body, a main wing, take-off and landing auxiliary wings arranged on the main wing, canards arranged at the front part of the body, a vertical tail arranged at the rear part of the body, a landing gear, an accumulator battery, a control system, a power supply management system and the like, wherein the landing gear, the accumulator battery, the control system, the power supply management system and the like are arranged below the body. The unmanned aerial vehicle adopts a ducted fan to provide a lift and assist balance during vertical take off and landing, and adopts an engine to provide the main push force and to automatically generate electricity so as to effectively utilize oil-electricity complement, simultaneously the reasonable hybrid use of fuel oil and electric energy is achieved through the structure and aerodynamic configuration design of the aerial vehicle, thereby achieving vertical and short take-off and landing, reducing the control difficulty of the aerial vehicle and solving the problem of inconsistence between difficult control and short voyage of the existing V / STOL unmanned aerial vehicles; the novel hybrid vertical / short take-off and landing (V / STOL) unmanned aerial vehicle disclosed by the invention can achieve vertical / short take-off and landing, and has the advantages of flexible and steady flight, wide application range and the like.