The signal acquisition board suitable for multi-bus protocols and multiple expansion interfaces belongs to the field of signal acquisition for high-precision motion control. The present invention solves the problem that most signal acquisition boards currently on the market are based on a single PCI, PXI or ISA bus. The problem of signal acquisition boards compatible with multiple bus protocols. The present invention includes an FPGA module, a DSP module, m RS422 modules, a general extension interface, a first level conversion module, a second level conversion module, n optical fiber transceiver chips, n optical fiber interface modules, p AD acquisition chips, Bus interface module, PCI bus adapter circuit board, PXI bus adapter circuit board, ISA bus adapter circuit board and VME bus adapter circuit board; it is convenient to communicate with other signal acquisition units or expand other sensor modules. At the same time, the signal acquisition board also reserves a custom bus interface, which is convenient for users to customize the bus according to their own needs.