The invention discloses an industrialized process for preparing cerium oxide nano-rods doped with rare earth elements, and particularly relates to an industrialized process for preparing cerium oxide (CeO2) nano-rods doped with rare earth elements (RE) La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd or Y. The process adopts rare earth nitrate as precursors, ammonia water or sodium hydroxide as precipitants, operations such as depositing, ageing, washing, drying and the like are performed under the conditions of room temperature and normal pressure. By controlling reaction conditions, particularly controlling doped elements, doped quantity and the like, the process realize effective control of rod-like appearance. Obtained products can still maintain fine rod-like appearance after being baked under the high temperature of 600 DEG C. The process has simple and mature technology and inexpensive raw materials, the obtained products are easy to be washed, suitable for large-scale preparation and industrialized production, and have wide application prospect in the fields such as catalytic reaction, fuel batteries, electronic devices, light-emitting materials, biological medicines, polishing powders and the like.