The invention develops an intelligent series compensation device for a distribution network and a use method of the compensation device. The device has the effects of improving the distribution of voltage along a power distribution line, reducing voltage drop and improving the transmission capacity of the line and has the characteristics of load-self-adaptive voltage regulation and real-time response. In order to achieve the effects, the intelligent series compensation device for the distribution network comprises a capacitor group, a silicon controlled rectifier, a controller, an integrated reactor / resistor, a circuit breaker, a contactor, an isolating switch and a sensor. Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, when a system normally works, the voltage which is compensated by series capacitors can automatically respond to the variation of load current in real time without any extra control; when a failure occurs in the system, the warning, the short-time bypass and the protection of the device can be realized through the operation of the controller on a switch.