47results about How to "Less modification" patented technology

Database system query optimizers use several techniques such as histograms and sampling to estimate the result sizes of operators and sub-plans (operator trees) and the number of distinct values in their outputs. Instead of estimates, the invention uses the exact actual values of the result sizes and the number of distinct values in the outputs of sub-plans encountered by the optimizer. This is achieved by optimizing the query in phases. In each phase, newly encountered sub-plans are recorded for which result size and / or distinct value estimates are required. These sub-plans are executed at the end of the phase to determine their actual result sizes and the actual number of distinct values in their outputs. In subsequent phases, the optimizer uses these actual values when it encounters the same sub-plan again.

An inlet apparatus for central vacuum cleaning systems is described that can be integrated with registers commonly used with heating and air conditioning vents in residential or commercial buildings. In particular, the apparatus opens to provide a vacuum inlet that will either remove debris directly, or through an attached hose, using the suction provided by the connected conventional central vacuum cleaning system. The apparatus contains a register body and an inlet that can be integrated with the conventional pipe ductwork used for central vacuum cleaning systems. The apparatus will seal closed when not in use in order to provide full suction to any other inlet currently in use.

An engine control apparatus is disclosed for determining crankshaft position and engine phase of an internal combustion engine through monitoring intake air pressure fluctuations. The opening of the intake valve is mechanically linked to the crankshaft position of an engine. When the intake valve opens it creates air pressure fluctuations in the air induction system of the engine. The control apparatus is configured to determine intake air pressure fluctuations indicative of an intake air event and thus a particular crankshaft position, and their corresponding period of the engine cycle. The controller then uses this information to determine crankshaft speed and position for the purpose of fuel injection and ignition timing of the internal combustion engine. Engine phase is also determined on four-stroke engines. The engine may also include a crankshaft position sensor in combination with monitoring intake air pressure fluctuations to increase resolution in determination of crankshaft position. A circuit is provided for simultaneously measuring intake temperature using a single bridge type pressure sensor in order to calculate air mass flow rate.

A transmitting and a receiving apparatus, a system and a method of performing multi-user transmission to other transmission ends include broadcasting a request for transmission to the other transmission ends. A request is provided with a Medium Access Control MAC frame which includes a list of at least two identifications of receiving ends which are requested to reply to the request.

The present invention is to provide a connector terminal, which is crimp connected with an aluminum or aluminum alloy conductor having a large diameter, to be inserted into a terminal receiving chamber of a conventional connector housing designed for a copper conductor with less change of electrical characteristic and less modification. The connector terminal having the conductor of the present invention is widely adapted to a vehicle. The connector terminal crimping the electrical wire has a link portion longer than a link portion of a standard connector terminal so that an electrical wire crimp portion projects outwardly from a rearward face when the connector terminal is received in the connector housing. An insulation crimp portion is positioned spaced apart from the rearward face of the connector housing to prevent physical interference with the connector housing.

Pressure sensitive transducer assembly that includes a force sensing resistor. The force sensing resistor includes: first and second substrates; at least a first and a second electrically conductive traces on the inner surface of the first substrate including interdigitated fingers defining a sensitive area; and a resistive layer facing the sensitive area. The force sensing resistor includes an auxiliary trace on the inner surface of the first substrate connecting the first trace to the second trace through a constant resistance that is not dependent on the force applied to the substrates. The constant resistance being of a value largely greater than the value of the variable resistance which can be measured indirectly between the fingers when an external force is applied to the substrates. A system and a control method are also proposed.

A device for position indication and the detection of guidance errors that includes a scale that has a position measuring graduation arranged in a position measurement direction. A first guidance error measuring graduation which is arranged perpendicularly with respect to the position measurement graduation and a second guidance error measuring graduation which is arranged perpendicularly with respect to the position measurement graduation, wherein the first guidance error measuring graduation and the second guidance error measuring graduation are arranged on both sides of and adjacent to the position measuring graduation. A position indication scanning unit movable with respect to the scale, wherein the position indication scanning unit scans the position measuring graduation for generating position measurement signals. A guidance error scanning unit that is movable with respect to the scale, wherein the guidance error scanning unit scans the first guidance error measuring graduation for generating guidance error measurement signals.

The present invention relates to methods, apparatuses, and computer program products at interrelated entities of a network system for providing access via a cellular access network to a packet data network, wherein a simple local IP access or local breakout (LBO) feature is provided, which uses a bridging function between a packet data network interface and a radio interface in an access device (e.g. base station device or HNB) that can be controlled by a single control plane interface.

A sensor signal processor apparatus having good characteristics and providing an easy and simple interface for various sensors. The sensor signal processor apparatus includes a current source, a sensor, a ramp integrator, a comparator, and a controller. The current source generates a constant current according to a preset value, and the sensor outputs a sensor voltage using the current from the current source. The ramp integrator generates and outputs an integral voltage according to an input command, and the comparator compares the sensor voltage of the sensor with the integral voltage of the ramp integrator and outputting a result of the comparison. The controller controls the generating and outputting of the integral voltage of the ramp integrator according to the comparison result of the comparator.