The invention relates to a low temperature ignition guaranteeing device of a small gasoline engine of an unmanned aerial vehicle. An emission of a small piston type engine of an unmanned aerial vehicle is mainly composed of un-combusted components, combustion products and excess air. Except N2, O2, H2, water vapour and the like are harmless, the rest is harmful components which are mainly composed of NOx, CO, HC, SO2, combustion particles and the like; in addition, energy which can be used also exists in tail gas. Power output of the small piston type engine of the unmanned aerial vehicle occupies 25%-42% of the total heat of fuel combustion, and the rest of the heat is discharged in the form of waste heat from cooling and the tail gas. Not only is energy waste caused, but also a certain degree of atmosphere heat pollution will be caused. According to the low temperature ignition guaranteeing device of the small gasoline engine of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the waste gas of the small piston type engine of the unmanned aerial vehicle is used for heating air entering the small piston type engine of the unmanned aerial vehicle, so that the purposes of energy conservation and emission reduction are achieved, and meanwhile the problem that the small piston type engine of the unmanned aerial vehicle works difficultly under the climate conditions of subzero low temperature and high altitudes is solved.