The invention provides a high-efficiency exhaust gas treatment system and process, including a slurry bed, an overflow pipe, an overflow pump, a liquid-solid separator, a return pipe, a return valve, a chemical storage tank, a chemical dosing pump, an exhaust gas distributor, and a molecular sieve , the slurry bed includes a lower bed body, a middle bed body, and an expansion section. One end of the overflow pipe is connected to the upper part of the middle bed body, and the other end is connected to the upper part of the liquid-solid separator. The overflow pump is located on the overflow pipe, and one end of the return pipe is connected to the liquid-solid separator. The lower part of the solid separator is connected, and the other end is connected with the lower part of the middle bed body. The return valve is located on the return pipe. The upper head, the porous pipe, the lower head, the air inlet, the porous pipe is located between the upper head and the lower head, and the molecular sieve is filled in the slurry bed. The waste gas of the high-efficiency waste gas treatment process of the present invention can be fully contacted with the treatment agent, can efficiently remove gaseous pollutants in the waste gas, and will not produce secondary pollutants such as PM2.5 dust.